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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma fibronectin deficiency and reticuloendothelial phagocytic dysfunction are observed in critically ill and septic surgical, trauma or burn patients with multiple organ failure. They also appear to amplify altered lung vascular permeability with sepsis or intravascular coagulation. This article highlights important aspects of plasma fibronectin which may relate to the aetiology of multiple organ failure in the septic injured patient.
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PMID:Plasma fibronectin. 379 Aug 62

Sepsis is a major cause of mortality in patients with common bile duct obstruction. To define possible contributing factors to this phenomenon, this study evaluates the effect of biliary obstruction on the intravascular clearance and organ trapping of viable Escherichia coli using a rat model. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in three groups: Group I controls had sham operation, Group II had division and ligation of common bile duct (CDL), and Group III underwent splenectomy. At 21 days following operation 10(9) radiolabeled E. coli were injected intravenously. At varying intervals after infusion, blood samples were obtained for clearance study. At 10 minutes, bacterial distribution in the liver, spleen, kidneys, and lungs was determined (expressed as the mean percentage of injected viable E. coli). Intravascular clearance was similar in all groups. There was a significant decrease in the trapping of bacteria by the liver of CDL rats 14.5% +/- 4.95 (vs. control = 70.0% +/- 13.3) (p less than 0.005). A significant increase of bacterial trapping by the lung was observed in the CDL animals: 63.1% +/- 7.06 (vs. controls 1.4% +/- 0.82) (p less than 0.005). There was no significant change in bacterial localization in splenectomized rats. These data suggest that biliary obstruction decreases hepatic phagocytosis and increases pulmonary localization of viable E. coli. As the Kupffer cells of the liver are usually effective in removal of blood borne bacteria, this phagocytic dysfunction may contribute to the increased susceptibility to infection noted in instances of biliary obstruction.
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PMID:Impaired bacterial clearance and trapping in obstructive jaundice. 636 81

Sepsis is the leading cause of death in the intensive care unit with an overall mortality rate of 20%. Individuals who are obese and have type 2 diabetes have increased recurrent, chronic, nosocomial infections that worsen the long-term morbidity and mortality from sepsis. Additionally, animal models of sepsis have shown that obese, diabetic mice have lower survival rates compared with nondiabetic mice. Neutrophils are essential for eradication of bacteria, prevention of infectious complications, and sepsis survival. In diabetic states, there is a reduction in neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation; however, few studies have investigated the extent to which these deficits compromise infection eradication and mortality. Using a cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis in lean and in diet-induced obese mice, we demonstrate that obese diabetic mice have decreased "emergency hematopoiesis" after an acute infection. Additionally, both neutrophils and monocytes in obese, diabetic mice have functional defects, with decreased phagocytic ability and a decreased capacity to generate ROS. Neutrophils isolated from obese diabetic mice have decreased transcripts of Axl and Mertk, which partially explains the phagocytic dysfunction. Furthermore, we found that exogenous GM-CSF administration improves sepsis survival through enhanced neutrophil and monocytes phagocytosis and ROS generation abilities in obese, diabetic mice with sepsis.
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PMID:GM-CSF Administration Improves Defects in Innate Immunity and Sepsis Survival in Obese Diabetic Mice. 3057 7