Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have presented recommendations for diagnosis and management of otitis media in children based on a comprehensive review of the pertinent medical literature. For an entity that is so common, there still remain amazingly large numbers of areas of controversy. We have also attempted to stress the importance of appropriate therapy and adequate followup as being very important in the management of otitis media. Newer concepts, particularly the use of the impedance bridge tympanogram, have been mentioned. With all the above background information in mind and with considerations for what is practical for the patient and the medical community, we would recommend the following as the acceptable minimal care for patients with otitis media. When the diagnosis of the acute otitis media is made on the basis of physical findings of myringitis, and/or middle ear fluid, and/or rupture of the tympanic membrane, the following treatment course is advisable: Neonates Culture of middle ear fluid if possible. Ampicillin 200 mg/kg/day intramuscularly. Gentamicin 3/5mg/kg/day intramuscularly. Hospitalize and treat until well and for minimum of seven days. Observe closely for meningitis and other infections and drug toxicity. These should be handled only by physicians experienced in dealing with patients in this age range. Appropriate work-up for septicemia should precede treatment. Switch to specific antibiotic when cultures and sensitivity available. Children. From 2 months to 6 years of age: Ampicillin 50mg/kg/day. Decongestant (if desired). Administer for ten days. Every patient with otorrhea, severe otitis and those not clinically well should be seen for followup ten to 14 days later. They should have a minimum of otologic evaluation including drum mobility. In persistent cases, audiometry and otologic referral are necessary. If patient is allergic to penicillin, erythromycin at 20mg/lb/day may be used. Trimethoprim sulfa may hold promise in the future. Tetracycline is never indicated in this age range because of side effects and high relapse rate secondary to resistant organisms. Patients above 6 years of age: Penicillin pheyoxymethyl 250 mg every six hours for ten days. Decongestant (if desired). Followup and penicillin allergy as above.
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PMID:Otitis media: a review. 87 Oct 68

The therapeutic effects of cefmenoxime (CMX), a new synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, were examined in the treatment of various pediatric infections. Patients treated were infants and children ranging from one-month-old to 13-year-old suffering from pharyngitis in 2 cases, bronchopneumonia in 3 cases, cervical lymphadenitis in 2 cases, urinary tract infections in 7 cases, tympanitis in 2 cases, suppurative meningitis, sepsis, subcutaneous apostem, acute enteritis, chest wall apostem, phlegmon, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in 1 case each, a total of 23 cases. As regards method of administration, CMX from a vial was dissolved in physiological saline or distilled water for injection, and the solution was administered by 3 to 5 minutes one short intravenous injection (14 cases), or CMX was diluted with large volume parenteral product and administered by 30 to 60 minutes drip infusion (9 cases). The dosage of the drug was 30 to 200 mg/kg/day; 103 mg/kg/day and under in 21 cases, 150 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day in 1 case each. The administration was continued for 3 to 27 days. As regards clinical efficacy, "good" or "excellent" results were obtained in all the cases except 2 cases, one was alpha-Streptococcus acute tympanitis supervening neuroblastoma, and the other was Pseudomonas urinary tract infection. The efficacy rate was 91.3% with excellent in 11 cases, good in 10 cases. As regards bacteriological effects, of 13 strains of Gram-positive bacteria, 10 strains were eliminated and 3 strains were not changed, while of 10 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, 8 strains were eliminated and 2 strains were reduced; thus CMX showed better results against Gram-negative bacteria rather than against Gram-positive ones. The antimicrobial activity of CMX against Gram-positive bacteria was inferior to those of CTM and CEZ, but CMX showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. No clinical side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings obviously attributable to CMX were observed.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effects of cefmenoxime in the treatment of various infections on infants and children]. 630 39

We report the isolation of thymidine-dependent small-colony variants (TD-SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus from unusual infection sites of patients with chronic soft tissue infection, tympanitis, bronchitis, peritonitis, and septicemia. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the essential growth factor for TD-SCVs, i.e., thymidine, and its metabolite dTMP are present in various human specimens.
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PMID:Thymidine-dependent Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants: human pathogens that are relevant not only in cases of cystic fibrosis lung disease. 1883 28