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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Analysis of biopsy specimen obtained at autopsies performed in hospitals for children from 1981 to 1984 are presented, as well as the results of goal-directed studies of some infectious diseases. It is noted that at adequate morphological and laboratory examinations the frequency of the diagnosed infectious diseases is rather high revealing mainly combined infections. The frequency of acute respiratory infections is especially high, as it is found in 3/4 of the nonsurvivors. There are viral, bacterial, Mycoplasma-induced and other diseases among them. The data on frequency and specific morphological features of different etiologic groups of infection, as well as separate diseases are given. Acute intestinal infections were less frequently diagnosed (in 9.8% of cases), coli-infection being predominant and appearing as a complication of different severe somatic diseases. Sepsis occurred rather frequently, though its rate was gradually decreasing (from 11.1% to 5.3%). Infections with predominant intracanal generalization were rare. Meningococcemia, developing, as a rule, in the presence of generalized viral infections, occurred in 2.2% of cases. Meningitis and meningoencephalitis, more often bacterial ones, complicating congenital malformations, were found in 4.5% of cases. Intrauterine infections, in particular caused by Mycoplasmas and viruses (cytomegalic, herpetic and respiratory ones) were very often diagnosed. They were associated with the same type of placental damage. Chlamydiosis, evidently frequent, was almost unidentified. Bacterial intrauterine infections including listeriosis were rare.
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PMID:[Current aspects of infectious pathology in infants and fetuses]. 353 69

During a 22-month period, pelvic infection with bacteraemia that was due to genital mycoplasmas was diagnosed in 12 adult patients at the Royal Women's Hospital. Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from seven patients and Ureaplasma urealyticum from five patients. Infections occurred postpartum in seven patients (in three patients after a vaginal delivery and in four patients after a caesarean section) and after gynaecological procedures in five patients. All patients were moderately ill. During the same period genital mycoplasmas were isolated from the blood cultures of three newborn infants, all of whom were at risk of sepsis. Genital mycoplasmas were isolated from blood cultures with only minor modification of the previous usual blood culture procedure. During the period that was reviewed, genital mycoplasmas accounted for 35% of 34 isolates from 607 blood cultures of adult patients. Genital mycoplasmas are a common cause of febrile morbidity and pelvic infection in women after genital tract procedures or delivery.
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PMID:Bacteraemia and pelvic infection in women due to Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis. 357 92

Mycoplasma (M.) capricolum has been frequently isolated from diseased as well as from healthy sheep in Morocco. In order to determine its pathogenicity for sheep, experiments were performed in three trials with the Moroccan isolate 012. The following results were obtained: Ewes inoculated intramammarily developed acute mastitis; the organism was transmitted to lambs suckling these ewes. Only a mild mastitis appeared after a second inoculum, performed 5 weeks after the first. Young lambs, 1 month of age, fed four times with M. capricolum broth culture, died during the septicemic phase, showing a generalized septicemia, polyarthritis and a diffuse interstitial pneumonia. Lambs, 2 and 3 months of age inoculated intrabronchially developed a disease, which appeared to be age and weight dependent. The more susceptible animals died within 1-2 weeks after infection. The older lambs recovered gradually from the disease, which was characterized by pneumonia, conjunctivitis and arthritis. A significant increase of antibodies against M. capricolum developed in the older animals in the complement fixation test.
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PMID:Pathogenicity of Mycoplasma capricolum in sheep after experimental infection. 366 May 81

We reviewed the disease process in goats caused by Mycoplasma capricolum, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, and M. putrefaciens and compared mycoplasma-infected goats (particularly young kids) for microanatomic changes. M. capricolum and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides cause a nearly identical disease: septicemia leading to pyrexia, high morbidity and mortality, interstitial pneumonia, arthritis (including polyarthritis), and mastitis. Until recently, M. putrefaciens was known only as a cause of mastitis. However, a new isolate of M. putrefaciens may be transiently septicemic, as evidenced by polyarthritis with isolations from joints, lung, brain, kidney, pleural fluid, uterus, and urine.
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PMID:Comparison of caprine mycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma capricolum, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, and Mycoplasma putrefaciens. 366 29

The incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) attributable to IUD use has been increasing, especially after the removal of the Dalkon shield from the market, but this relationship has not been settled conclusively. In recent decades PID included a variety of infections, but lately the definition of PID has meant acute ascending infections of the female genital tract. Its most common risk factors include promiscuity of IUD use, although this can be reduced to one fourth by regular checkups and proper hygiene. The frequency of PID is estimated at 2-5% of IUD users. Microorganisms contributing to PID include Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Haemophilus influenzae, Bacteroides, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium, and Actinomyces israelii, The differentiation of actinomycosis (AC) and pseudoactinomycosis (PAC) is well advised. The potential of IUD use in increasing the risk of AIDS should not be discounted. The clinical picture of PID is varied, it can be mild requiring conservative drug therapy; with medium severity requiring removal of the IUD and drug therapy; severe necessitating removal, antibiotics and sulfonamide treatment and laparotomy; and very severe with potentially fatal generalized sepsis. In addition to antibiotics, e.g., penicillin, treatment can include the so called catastrophy combination of Mandokef- Metronidazol-Gentamycin. An analysis of the data of 8536 IUD fittings in Debrecen, Hungary showed 1.4% removals due to PID after 4 years, 694 patients (8.1%) had lower abdominal pain 73 of which (0.9%) had palpable resistance, and suppuration occurred in only 30 cases (0.4%). Treatment included Semicillin or Tetran, or removal of the IUD, and even surgery if no improvement resulted. Prevention of PID include elimination of risk factors, the careful selection of IUD users, regular checkups, the use of copper (Cu) T device, and strict adherence to professional standards.
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PMID:[The role of intrauterine contraceptive devices in the development of inflammatory processes in the small pelvis]. 376 5

To establish the prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in infants up to 3 months of age with suspected sepsis, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine specimens from 203 patients with clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis were cultured for Mycoplasma in addition to routine bacterial cultures. Proved bacterial infections were identified in 24 patients, four of whom had bacteremia. M. hominis and U. urealyticum were not isolated from any of the 191 blood and 199 CSF specimens tested. Of 170 specimens of urine cultured for Mycoplasma, M. hominis was isolated in six patients, U. urealyticum in nine patients, and both organisms in one patient. Twelve of the positive cultures were voided urine specimens, and four were suprapubic bladder aspiration specimens. Genital mycoplasmas appear to be uncommon causes of sepsis or meningitis in young infants. Further studies are required to assess their role in abnormal conditions of the urinary tract in childhood.
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PMID:Role of genital mycoplasmas in young infants with suspected sepsis. 378 41

The ease with which Mycoplasma hominis can be recovered and the frequency of its occurrence in septicemia may not be fully appreciated. We detected the growth of M. hominis radiometrically with an automated blood culture instrument. The organism grew in both aerobic and anaerobic culture media, but the cultures were not visibly positive. It was necessary to stain the cultures with acridine orange to visualize M. hominis and to subculture them on Columbia base sheep blood agar to confirm the positive growth index indicated by the instrument. Sodium polyanetholesulfonate inhibited the growth of M. hominis and is not recommended for use as the anticoagulant when blood is cultured for Mycoplasma spp.
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PMID:Detection of Mycoplasma hominis septicemia by radiometric blood culture. 398 Jun 85

Clinical usage of aztreonam (AZT), a newly synthesized antibiotic which belongs to monobactam, was evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 22 patients aged from 1 month-old to 13 year-5 month-old with bacterial infections and the following results were obtained. AZT was administered to 4 patients with pyelonephritis and 10 patients with tonsillitis at a daily dosage of 40.4-120.9 mg/kg and to 5 patients with clinical sepsis associated with agranulocytosis caused by intensive antileukemic therapy at a daily dosage of 142.4-171.4 mg/kg, divided into 3 or 4, by intravenous injection or by 30 minutes drip infusion. The clinical results of these 19 evaluable patients were as follows: excellent; 10 cases, good; 5 cases, fair; 2 cases, poor; 2 cases. The over all efficacy rate was 78.9% and that of pyelonephritis and tonsillitis was 100.0%. No clinical side effects were observed in any 23 patients, including a patient who proved to be suffering from Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, and no abnormal laboratory findings caused by AZT was noticed. The MICs of AZT against 9 strains isolated from patients with pyelonephritis and those with tonsillitis were as follows: MICs against all of 3 strains of K. pneumoniae were less than 0.05 microgram/ml. MICs against 2 out of 4 strains of H. influenzae were less than 0.05 microgram/ml and those of the remaining 2 strains were 0.10 microgram/ml. MIC against 1 strain of S. aureus was 1.56 microgram/ml. MIC against 1 strain of S. epidermidis was more than 100 micrograms/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of aztreonam in children]. 409 60

Transmissibility of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides infection from experimentally inoculated goats to other goats and calves was studied. Eight goats and six calves were housed in an 18 m2 room. Six of the goats were inoculated endobronchially with strain D44 isolated from a natural case of polyarthritis in Ontario. These six goats died within a week of Mycoplasma septicemia. The two contact goats or the six calves never showed signs of disease and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides was not recovered from these animals. The contact goats and four calves were killed 25 days after exposure. They were all seronegative, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides was not recovered at necropsy and none had pathomorphological changes attributable to this Mycoplasma. The two remaining calves were inoculated endobronchially with 10(9) CFU of strain D44 and observed for 20 days. They never showed signs of disease and did not have significant lesions at necropsy. Both developed a significant serological response to M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, although this organism was not recovered during the experimental period or at necropsy. This study did not provide evidence for transmission of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides from endobronchially inoculated goats to contact goats or calves and endobronchially inoculated calves did not develop pneumonia. This would suggest that the infection of the goat population in Canada with this pathogen would not be a significant threat to the cattle population.
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PMID:Susceptibility of goats and calves after experimental inoculation or contact exposure to a Canadian strain of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides isolated from a goat. 636 96

The caprine variant of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides causes septicemia with coagulopathy in goats. Pathogenetic mechanisms that might explain the coagulopathy, the ability of the Mycoplasma to persist in the blood, and its specificity for goats were studied. Severe endothelial damage was seen by electron microscopy of goat aorta tissue exposed in vitro to 10(7) colony-forming units of mycoplasmas. The Mycoplasma did not damage 51Cr-labeled adherent cells from peripheral blood of goats. The hemolytic complement titer was reduced by 94%, 50%, 50%, and 25% in guinea pig, calf, sheep, and goat serum, respectively, 30 minutes after treatment with 8 X 10(9) colony-forming units of the Mycoplasma. Freshly prepared serum from these animal species killed the Mycoplasma. Heat-inactivated serum was not mycoplasmacidal. Complement from these 4 animal species was activated by the Mycoplasma through the classical pathway, because ethyleneglycoltetraacetic acid precipitation of serum Ca2+ inhibited activation. Proof that the classical pathway was functional in goats was not conclusive because Ca2+ supplementation of ethyleneglycoltetraacetic acid-treated serum did not restore complement activity. Endothelial damage and complement activation may explain the coagulopathy. The function that complement activation may have in the inflammatory response of this disease is not known. Difference in susceptibility of calves, sheep, and goats to M mycoides septicemia cannot be explained by species variation in complement mycoplasmacidal activity.
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PMID:Effect of the caprine variant of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides on endothelium, monocytes, and complement of guinea pig, calf, sheep, and goat serum. 639 28


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