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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis has been considered a widespread animal pathogen for many years, but only within the last decade has its capacity to cause human disease been recognized. Two forms of human disease have been established-acute septicemia and mesenteric lymphadenitis. Because mesenteric adenitis is frequently indistinguishable from acute appendicitis, blood serum was obtained from 66 consecutive patients who underwent operation for appendicitis and was examined for agglutinins to seven serotype strains of P. pseudotuberculosis. Agglutinins were obtained in 21.2% of this series. Titres of over 1/100 were found in three of three cases of mesenteric lymphadenitis, one of 11 with no apparent disease, and one of 46 with appendicitis. P. pseudotuberculosis was isolated from a lymph node in the latter case. Two to four follow-up samples of sera in each of these five cases had increasing and then decreasing titres, indicative of active disease. Titres of 1/15 or less were found in five of the cases of appendicitis, in one case of salpingitis, and in three with no apparent disease. The occurrence of these nine cases with low titres may be indicative of previous contact with the organism.Human infection with P. pseudotuberculosis is not unusual in the Edmonton region and is responsible for at least some cases of mesenteric lymphadenitis.
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PMID:Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis infection in man. 1395 43

Yersinia enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis are causative agents of yersiniosis in humans and animals that have to be separated from Y. pestis, the causative agent of plague, representing a separate clinical and epidemiological entity. Intestinal yersiniosis may manifest in humans as (1) enteritis, (2) terminal ileitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, or pseudoappendicitis, and (3) septicemia leading to focal abscesses in spleen and liver. The intestinal infection may be followed by reactive arthritis in a number of cases. Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis are distributed worldwide but occur mainly in moderate or subtropical climates. The most important reservoirs are rodents, lagomorphs, and birds for Y. pseudotuberculosis and domestic animals, especially pigs, for Y. enterocolitica. All Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates may be considered as pathogenic whereas Y. enterocolitica strains can be subdivided into pathotypes of different virulence. The differentiation of pathotypes by determination of the biovar and demonstration of the 75-kb virulence plasmid is therefore of diagnostic importance. Preventive measures include avoidance of direct infection by contact with infected reservoir animals and practice of good hygiene during slaughtering as well as in food production and preparation of meals.
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PMID:[Intestinal yersiniosis. Clinical importance, epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention]. 1525 24

Six common marmosets from a colony of 50 died over a period of 3 weeks, with the predominant finding of gram-negative bacterial septicemia. Four of these animals died peracutely; the other two were found when they were moribund, and they subsequently died despite clinical intervention. Gram-negative bacterial rods were present in the blood vessels of stained tissues from five of the six marmosets. Three marmosets also had severe fibrinopurulent peritonitis. In addition, one of the marmosets with peritonitis also had purulent mesenteric lymphadenitis with large colonies of gram-negative bacterial rods within dialated colonic crypts. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from multiple organs in three of the marmosets. Clinical evaluation of the entire colony identified four marmosets with anorexia, nasopharyngeal discharge and diarrhea. These marmosets were treated with enrofloxacin immediately, and they responded well. K. pneumonia could not be cultured from nasal or fecal samples obtained from the colony animals. Because of the peracute nature of the disease, animals often die before exhibiting clinical symptoms, and antibiotics are seldom helpful. In this outbreak we saw both of the major forms of Klebsiella infection in common marmosets: the peracute form with bacteremia and minimal inflammatory reaction around blood vessels, and the chronic form with bacteremia, fibrinopurulent peritonitis, and mesenteric lymphadenitis.
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PMID:Septicemia and peritonitis in a colony of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. 1569 97

Abdominal pain as an initial symptom of meningococcemia is an infrequent entity, rarely described in literature. We present a case of a 4 year-old, male, previously healthy child with a 24 hour history of fever and abdominal pain. He is admitted in a surgical unit with a diagnosis of acute abdomen for surgical resolution. The clinical course turns unfavorably, and patient presents signs of severe sepsis. Urgent laparotomy is performed, observing little brownish fluid and mesenteric adenitis. He then exhibits palpable purpuric rapidly progressive lesions in lower extremities, progressing to septic shock. Later, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B is isolated from blood cultures. The aim of this article is drawing attention to a nontypical form of manifestation of meningococcemia, as a delayed diagnosis and treatment has an impact on morbidity and mortality among the pediatric population.
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PMID:[Acute abdomen as initial manifestation of meningococcemia]. 1869 40

Yersinia enterocolitica is a zoonotic gram-negative pathogen that causes mesenteric lymphadenitis, terminal ileitis, acute gastroenteritis, and septicemia in domestic animals and primates. In 2012, 46 captive African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) died during an outbreak of acutely fatal enteric disease over a period of 1 mo on the island of St Kitts. The affected monkeys presented with a history of mucohemorrhagic diarrhea, marked dehydration, and depression. Fifteen bacterial isolates were recovered from the spleen, liver, and lungs of affected monkeys. All isolates were identified as Y. enterocolitica by biochemical analysis and sequence comparison of the 16S rRNA gene. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of the recovered isolates revealed homogeneity among the recovered bacteria, and all isolates gave a random amplified polymorphic DNA pattern resembling that given by genotype D under serotypes O:7,8. This outbreak represents the first isolation and characterization of Y. enterocolitica as the causative agent of fatal enteric disease in primates in the Caribbean.
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PMID:An outbreak of Yersinia enterocolitica in a captive colony of African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) in the Caribbean. 2421 21


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