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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper presents four cases of fulminating neonatal sepsis with meningitis. In each infant, there was evidence of an infected circumcision wound. Two infants had Escherichia coli and two had Group B haemolytic streptococcus cultured from the cerebrospinal fluid. One infant died. The risk of introducing infection through iatrogenic portals of entry is a definite problem in the neonate. Circumcision is an unnecessary routine procedure, which puts the infant at risk.
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PMID:Neonatal meningitis and circumcision. 32 60

Eight newborn infants having previously received broad spectrum antibiotics were treated with intravenous chloranphenicol succinate for sepsis-meningitis during a klebsiella neumoniae outbreak. Five of them survived without sequelae. Over the third week of treatment two infants developed a transient bone marrow suppresion accompanied by a "pseudo-septic" clinical picture; this syndrome, that we have not found previously reported, was benign, disappearing when the drug was discontinued.
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PMID:[Treatment with Chloranphenicol of neonatal sepsis-meningitis by gram-negative bacteria (author's transl)]. 32 83

Pneumonia is one of the most serious infections in the neonate and is responsible for a large percentage of neonatal mortality. Pneumonia in a premature or term infant who is debilitated by an underlying problem such as hyaline membrane disease carries an extremely high morbidity and mortality. Since most of the bacterial pneumonias are treatable, early recognition and diagnosis and vigorous treatment are essential. X-ray findings, though helpful, serve only as a guideline. Prognosis is adversely affected if pneumonia results in generalized sepsis, leading to meningitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and osteomyelitis. Prompt antibiotic treatment should be begun before the etiologic agent or drug susceptibility is known.
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PMID:Acute pneumonia in the newborn: changing picture. 32 96

Vaginal swabs from 1140 women were investigated for presence of group B-streptococci. In nonpregnant women the carriage rate was 3.3%. During the pregnancy the highest colonisation rate was in the second trimenon. The serotypes were distributed approxmiately the same in both groups of patients, with the exception of types III and R. All strains were sensitive against ampicillin and lincomycin, in 6 cases we found a reduced sensitivity against penicillin. These results are compared with those from other authors and discussed in regard to sepsis and meningitis of the newborn.
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PMID:[Role of B streptococci in perinatal medicine]. 34 98

Escherichia coli O78: K80 strains isolated from an outbreak among premature and newborn infants with meningitis, sepsis and enteritis, from sporadic cases of enteritis and from healthy carriers were compared with one another and with different E. coli serogroups. The O78: K80 cultures uniformly failed to give the rabbit intestinal loop test and the guinea pig eye reaction and none of them contained L1 antigen. After intraperitoneal injection into mice, the organisms multiplied in the peritoneal cavity and caused bacteriaemia lasting at least 2 weeks. E. coli strains originating from septicaemia (O78: K80, O18a,c: K?, O83: K?) showed significantly lower LD50 values for mice (9 x 10(3)--7 x 10(5)) than did E. coli serogroups associated with infantile enteritis only (3 x 10(8)--7 x 10(8)). It is assumed that the isolates differ in pathogenicity not only from E. coli strains associated with "cholera-like" disease and with "dysenteriform" infection, but also from L1 antigen-containing cultures described in neonatal meningitis, and constitute a separate group characterized by an ability to cause meningitis, sepsis and enteritis within the same outbreak.
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PMID:Characterization of Escherichia coli serogroups causing meningitis, sepsis and enteritis. I. Serological properties and animal pathogenicity of O18, O78 and O83 isolates. 34 52

Escherichia coli O78: K80 strains isolated from an outbreak of meningitis, sepsis and enteritis in infants, were compared with O78: K80 strains from sporadic cases of enteritis, healthy carriers and animals. The strains were uniform in antigenic structure and phage pattern but differed in colicinogenicity. The epidemic strains and calf-pathogenic cultures produced colicin V, the remaining isolates were characterized by other types of colicin or were not colicinogenic. Col V+ strains multiplied in the mouse peritoneal cavity more readily and killed the animals at significantly lower doses than did col V- strains. One half of antibiotic resistant O78: K80 strains carried R factor. The spread of R factor could be followed by phage restriction experiments.
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PMID:Characterization of Escherichia coli serogroups causing meningitis, sepsis and enteritis. II. Classification of Escherichia coli O78 strains by phage sensitivity, colicin type and antibiotic resistance. 34 53

It is important to resolve existing differences of opinion regarding group B streptococcal type distribution in human disease because of the relevance of type prevalence to future programs of prevention. This report compares data obtained from typing 392 group B streptococci isolated from systemic infections in both infants and adults in the United States from 1972 through 1975. The data showed a substantial predominance of type III among strains isolated from cases of infant meningitis and from "late-onset" septicemia but did not confirm a prior report that type Ia causes most cases of "early-onset" infant septicemia. Type II was the predominant serotype among 11 cerebrospinal fluid isolates from adults. The fact that over one-fourth of the isolates were types other than Ia or III means that future epidemiological studies, including definition of immunological factors, must include all five group B types.
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PMID:Analysis of group B streptococcal types associated with disease in human infants and adults. 34 37

Newborn infants with "early-onset" disease due to group B beta hemolytic streptococcus were studied over a 40-month period. Clinical presentations included asymptomatic bacteremia, mild transient illness, respiratory distress, meningitis, and overwhelming sepsis. Chronologically, 18 were ill at birth; 10 became ill after a symptom-free period; and four were asymptomatic. Sixty-six percent of the cases weighted less than 2500 grams, and 56% were born to mothers whose amniotic membranes were ruptured for over 20 hours. All 15 of the deaths occurred in low birth weight infants who were criticially ill from birth. A review of 128 consecutive deliveries of infants weighing under 2000 grams revealed 28 cases with prolonged ruptured membranes, and three of these 28 infants developed group B streptococcal infection. The infant of the colonized gravid woman in premature labor or with prolonged ruptured membranes is clearly at risk, and these results suggest that the management of "early-onset" disease should begin prior to delivery.
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PMID:Risk factors in early-onset neonatal group b streptococcal infections. 34 7

Cefamandole nafate was effective in the treatment of a variety of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes group A, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae in infants and children. The infections included periorbital cellulitis and ethmoiditis, bacteremia, cellulitis, pneumonia, and lymphadenitis. In vitro, cefamandole was effective in inhibiting the growth of H. influenzae isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningitis or sepsis. In two patients rash developed and cefamandole was discontinued. Other significant adverse effects were not noted.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory investigation of cefamandole therapy of infections in infants and children. 34 94

The pharyngeal aspirates collected from 400 babies at the time of delivery were examined for the presence of bacteria, especially group B streptococci. Aspirates from 79 babies were found to contain viable bacteria, including 4 with group B streptococci; one of these 4 babies developed streptococcal meningitis within 24 hours. The group B streptococci were seen on a Gram-stained film of the aspirate, and were detectable by coagglutination and countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis within 4 hours and by culture after 24 hours. Examination of pharyngeal aspirates may be of value as a screening test for neonatal sepsis.
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PMID:Group B streptococci in pharyngeal aspirates at birth and the early detection of neonatal sepsis. 35 51


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