Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae first recognized in 1967, the rate of penicillin-resistant strains has been increasing worldwide. There have been up to 50% from pediatric specimens in Japan. We reported three pediatric cases with penicillin G resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae infection to show some important clue from these cases for clinical practice against resistant pneumococcal infection. The first case was a typical acute mastoiditis, although we have experienced only masked mastoiditis recently. The second case was meningitis with septicemia, which did not show any abnormality in the first obtained cerebrospinal fluid. The third case was recurrent bronchitis in a child with cerebral palsy. The minimum inhibition concentrations of these isolated strains were 0.25 microgram/ml in the second case an 2.0 microgram/ml in the first and third cases.
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PMID:[Three interesting pediatric cases with penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae infection]. 787 77

We recently saw two unusual manifestations of Haemophilus influenzae infection in adults in the Seattle area: fulminant sepsis in an otherwise-healthy man and three episodes of bacteremia in a woman with chronic liver disease. We retrospectively identified 79 bacteremic and 40 non-bacteremic cases of invasive H. influenzae infection developing in patients > or = 9 years of age between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 1990. The most common clinical presentations among patients with bacteremia included pneumonia (52%), septicemia (27%), meningitis (8%), gynecologic infection (5%), and epiglottitis (5%). Underlying illnesses were common in these patients, and overall mortality was 35.5%. Factors associated with mortality included underlying neurological disease, polymicrobial bacteremia, and advanced age. The clinical presentations of the 40 patients without bacteremia included soft-tissue abscesses (45%), lung abscesses (18%), peritonitis (13%), meningitis (8%), gynecologic infection (8%), epididymitis (5%), mastoiditis (3%), and osteomyelitis (3%). Thus H. influenzae disease has a variety of presentations and is associated with significant mortality in older children and adults. Further study is required to determine whether widespread administration of H. influenzae type b conjugate vaccine to infants will alter the development of subsequent disease in later life.
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PMID:Invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in older children and adults in Seattle. 821 79

Leukocyte adhesion defect (LAD) is an inherited defect of phagocytic function. This disorder is characterised by delayed separation of the umbilical cord, severe recurrent bacterial infections, impaired formation of pus, and high leukocyte counts. The granulocytes have severe defect in their chemotactic mobility and endocytosis. The disease is attributed to the absence of the leukocyte adhesion molecules. (CD11/CD18), which can be verified with monoclonal antibodies. The authors describe the disease-process of the first patient diagnosed in Hungary. Perinatally the omphalitis, periumbilical abscess and periproctal abscess leading to rectovaginal fistula, in the first months the otitis, mastoiditis, and expressed leukocytosis referred to the impaired function of phagocytic cells, which was verified by laboratory tests as well. The decreased inflammation and cicatrization were also striking. This severe form of LAD can be cured only by bone marrow transplantation with preliminary sanitation of the foci of infection. It took about six months. Unfortunately, the patient died of sepsis immediately before transplantation.
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PMID:[Leukocyte adhesion defect--a rare form of congenital immune deficiency]. 835 Nov 39

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common disease for which pediatricians prescribe antimicrobial agents. Middle ear fluid were collected from 243 children with AOM that failed to respond to a previous course of antimicrobial therapy and who had then received myringotomy from September 1997 through August 1999. Bacterial cultures were done and antimicrobial susceptibilities were analyzed. Streptococcus pneumoniae (21.8%) was the most common causative organism, followed by Haemophilus influenzae (10.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (7%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.8%), while Moraxella catarrhalis (0.7%) and group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (0.2%) were rarely isolated. In patients whose condition failed to improve after a course of antibiotic treatment, drug resistance became a serious problem. Fourteen percent of the patients in this series had complications, which included recurrent AOM, persistent middle ear effusion necessitating ventilation tube insertion, hearing impairment, mastoiditis, meningitis, chronic otitis media, brain abscess, and sepsis. Possible risk factors such as young age, male sex, underlying diseases, and a culture of S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae were not significantly associated with an increased incidence of complications. More stringent diagnosis and the correct choice of antibiotic treatment combined with the introduction of potential virus and bacterial vaccines are promising ways to reduce the morbidity of AOM in children.
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PMID:Pathogens in the middle ear effusion of children with persistent otitis media: implications of drug resistance and complications. 1160 10

We describe a retrospective case series of postanginal sepsis and Lemierre's syndrome (LS) identified from laboratory records of Fusobacterium necrophorum isolates and from clinical case note review. Some patients presented with sore throat, tonsillitis, quinsy or a septicaemic illness, whereas others presented with symptoms related to metastatic septic lesions with later recognition of the significance of the preceding sore throat. Patients with otitis media and mastoiditis are included in the study. The incidence of postanginal sepsis and LS appears to have increased over the study period (1994-99). The population of patients who had received antibiotics pre-admission has decreased in recent years. Attention is drawn to features which may assist in differentiating this condition from simple viral sore throats not requiring antibiotic therapy. A prospective study of the incidence of this rare but life-threatening condition mainly affecting young people is required in view of the more restricted use of antibiotic treatment for sore throat now recommended.
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PMID:Investigation of postanginal sepsis and Lemierre's syndrome in the South West Peninsula. 1210 95

Fusobacterium necrophorum is a strict anaerobic organism responsible for a number of clinical syndromes known as necrobacillosis. Although meningeal infections with anaerobes are rare, delayed diagnosis and treatment can be potentially fatal. We report a unique case of Fusobacterium meningitis, mastoiditis, and sepsis in a previously healthy adolescent. Diagnosis and management of this condition are discussed in the context of a literature review.
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PMID:Otogenic Fusobacterium meningitis, sepsis, and mastoiditis in an adolescent. 1510 42

Acute otitis media is a widespread disease affecting all ages. The introduction of antibiotics has led to a reduction in the incidence of complications from approx. 17% to 1%. Nevertheless, life-threatening complications still occur. The present paper describes the course and treatment of mastoiditis, petrositis and sepsis, as well as intracranial complications, i.e. meningitis, sigmoid sinus thrombosis, extradural abscess, subdural empyema, brain abscess and otitic hydrocephalus. The importance of antibiotic treatment for acute otitis media and the need to assess treatment outcomes are emphasised.
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PMID:[Acute otitis media and its life-threatening complications]. 1559 96

Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia is rare in healthy infants and children. Also not common, dermatologic manifestations such as ecthyma gangrenosum and indurated erythematous nodular lesions may be the first signs of pseudomonas infection, or may appear later in the course of the disease. Peripheral facial paralysis and mastoiditis are also rare and serious complications of acute otitis media caused by P. aeruginosa. We report a previously healthy 6-month-old boy who had an uncommon presentation and rare complications during the course of P. aeruginosa sepsis.
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PMID:Multiple erythematous nodules and ecthyma gangrenosum as a manifestation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis in a previously healthy infant. 1678 Apr 71

This report presents the case of a healed 5-month-old infant with necrotising (malignant) bilateral otitis externa from acute mastoiditis on the right side and sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Despite of immediately performed mastoidectomy, targeted antibiotics and intensive local treatment, two third of both external auditory canal's epithelium had shown subcutaneous concentric necrosis and ejection which have been removed with repeated necretomies. After the remission of inflammatory symptoms, successful bilateral auditory canal reconstructions were performed. The observed right peripheral facial paresis at the beginning of disease remained stationary. The patient healed with residual symptoms after 2 months of treatment. Neither immune deficiency, nor diabetes could have been proven.
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PMID:[Necrotizing otitis externa in a 5-month-old infant]. 1798 26

Cunninghamella bertholletiae infection occurs most frequently in neutropenic patients affected by haematological malignancies, is associated with an unfavourable outcome. We report a case of rhino-mastoidal fungal infection in a leukaemic patient. Bioptical tissue cultures yield the isolation of a mould with typical properties of Cunninghamella species. Liposomal amphotericin B (L-Amb) therapy combined with surgical intervention brought the lesion to recovery. Nevertheless, the patient died 14 days after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from bacterial sepsis. Mastoiditis was documented at CT-scan. The conditioning regimen probably caused the reactivation of the Cunninghamella infection that led to the patient's fatal outcome; fungal hyphae were detected after autopsy of brain and lung tissue.
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PMID:A case of Cunninghamella bertholettiae rhino-cerebral infection in a leukaemic patient and review of recent published studies. 1834 May 46


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