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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An analysis of the outcomes of the treatment of 150 patients with lactational mastitis has warranted the conclusion on a secondary origin of the disease in many cases. Not infrequently lactational mastitis occurred as a result of a pathological delivery and hospitalism, in 8% of patients lactational mastitis being nothing but a local manifestation of a general purulent infection--sepsis. In the most of patients a radical dissection of the abscess has proved to be an effective and sufficient therapeutic method. The greatest difficulties were encountered in the treatment of sepsis with necrosis, sequestration or fusion of vast portions of the mammary gland.
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PMID:[New features in the course and outcome of treatment of lactation mastitis]. 45 72

The puerperal mastitis is a staphylococcal infection of the lactating mamma cumulating during the third and fourth week after delivery. It is seen three times as often after hospital than after house delivery, and it is also more frequent with primiparae than with multiparae. The infection is caused by bacterial hospitalism. Most commonly mamilla and milkducts are infected via the child's nasopharynx. Mastitis rarely occurs in non-nursing women. Early diagnosis before the appearance of all classical inflammatory symptoms is important, to start the treatment with antibiotics before abscess formation takes place. We mentioned Fucidine, Oleandomycin and Oxacillin as staphylococcal-effective, penicillinase-resistent antibiotics. Additionally low-dose X-ray radiation may be given. In case of abscess formation local antibiotic-instillation combined with oral antibiotic treatment should be tried before incision. It is best to incise an abscess only after is complete breakdown. Complications to be looked for are maternal sepsis and staphylococcal infection of the newborn.
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PMID:[Puerperal mastitis]. 87 13

The following conclusions were derived from the data on obstetric and gynaecological and urologic morbidity and mortality caused by infection:--A law enacted in 1972, legalising abortion within the first twelve weeks of gestation, changed the proportion of legally induced abortions to all other types of abortion. As the law largely prevents illegally induced abortion, substantial decreases occured in the number of cases of postabortal sepsis and in the mortality from abortion.--In spite of a steady decline, pueral sepsis still accounts for a significant proportion of the maternal mortality. It occurred predominantly after Caesarean section.--Despite its relatively low current morbidity rate, the possible effect of puerperal mastitis should not be neglected.--The high incidence of urinary tract infections calls for wellbalanced, but effective preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic action.
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PMID:[Morbidity and mortality due to infection in the obstetrico-gynecological field]. 91 65

The authors examined 2642 cases of mastitis in the course of 5 years. 2 of the patients died of sepsis. Acute lactation mastitis may be divided into several categories. The various kinds of lactation mastitis are examined. The treatment of mastitis is always associated with dietotherapy prescribed in case of acute infectious mastitis by a massive vitamin-therapy and by therapy under anesthesia when necessary. The administration of aspirin is nowadays considered as a mistake because of its teratogenic effects. Prophylactic measures may be applied in order to reduce the frequency of lactation mastitis.
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PMID:[Lactation mastitis]. 101 46

Experimental intramammary infections were induced in five post-parturient Holstein cows by inoculation of low numbers (5000 colony forming units) of virulent Salmonella dublin via the teat canal of mammary gland quarters. Rectal temperature, pulse and respiratory rates, milk yield, and milk quality as assessed by the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and somatic cell counts (SCC) were recorded every 12 hours at milking. Bacteriologic cultures of foremilk quarter samples and feces were obtained daily, as were complete blood counts. ELISA titers for IgG and IgM recognizing S. dublin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were obtained weekly on serum and quarter milk samples. All cows excreted S. dublin intermittently from infected quarters, but no changes were detected in rectal temperature, appearance of the mammary gland or secretions, CBC, milk yield, and pulse and respiratory rates. Somatic cell counts were modestly increased in infected quarters as compared with uninfected quarters (P = .015, paired t test); however, CMT scores after infection remained low, and were not significantly different from pre-infection scores (P greater than .10, sign test). After infection, administration of dexamethasone resulted in signs of clinical mastitis and increased excretion of S. dublin from mammary quarters (P = .0004, paired t test). One cow had necrotizing mastitis and S. dublin septicemia and was euthanatized. In the four surviving cows, clinical improvement was observed after systemic gentamicin therapy and intramammary infusion with polymyxin B, but all cows continued to excrete S. dublin intermittently from one or more quarters and occasionally from feces for the remaining period of observation. All infected cows demonstrated a rise in IgG and IgM ELISA titers recognizing S. dublin LPS in serum and milk. At necropsy (13-25 weeks postinfection), S. dublin was recovered only from the mammary tissue or supramammary lymph nodes in three of four cows. In one cow, mammary gland and lymph-node samples were negative for S. dublin despite positive milk cultures. In all cows, histopathologic examination revealed multifocal areas of chronic active mastitis. These lesions were similar to histopathologic findings from mammary gland carriers with naturally acquired S. dublin infection.
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PMID:Persistent experimental Salmonella dublin intramammary infection in dairy cows. 177 28

Epidemiological efficiency of antibiotic prophylaxis of hospital infections (HIs) in maternity homes was analyzed by the materials on the clinical observation of 43995 newborns and their mothers within a period of 1986 to 1989 as well as by the data on the bacteriological examination of 6616 smears from the mucosa of the nose, pharynx, rectum and umbilical wounds of 1890 newborns carried out within the same period. It was shown that the prophylactic use of the antibiotics in the maternity homes led to changes in the microflora colonizing the newborns. The more massive was the use of the antibiotics in the departments of newborns and the postnatal departments, the more intensive was replacement of gram-positive microflora in the newborns by gram-negative organisms among which Klebsiella strains with high antibiotic resistance predominated. This involved an increase in the incidence of pneumonia and sepsis in the newborns and a higher death rate among the newborns due to HIs. In parallel there was observed an increase in the incidence of metro-endometritis in the puerperae++ and a simultaneous decrease in the number of the cases with lactational mastitis as a result of lower numbers of Staphylococcus aureus cultures isolated from various loci of the newborns. It was concluded that antibiotics were not the drugs to be used as prophylactic agents in control of HIs in maternity homes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The role of antibiotics in the prevention of cross infections in newborn infants and mothers during the puerperium]. 183 48

Listeria monocytogenes can cause circling disease, encephalitis, meningitis, septicemia, and mastitis in dairy cattle. Shedding of the pathogen from the udder or contamination from the environment can lead to presence of L. monocytogenes in raw milk. Surveys indicate the pathogen is in about 4% of US raw milks. Although HTST pasteurization commonly inactivates L. monocytogenes, evidence suggests that under unusual circumstances minimal survival is possible. The pathogen grows well in liquid dairy products at 4 to 35 degrees C and achieves higher populations in chocolate than in unflavored milks. When present in cheese milk, growth of L. monocytogenes may be retarded but not stopped by lactic starter cultures. The pathogen is concentrated in the curd with only a small fraction of cells in milk appearing in whey. Once in curd, the behavior of the pathogen ranges from growth (feta cheese making) to death of most but not all cells (cottage cheese making). During ripening of cheese, the numbers of L. monocytogenes decrease gradually (as in Cheddar or Colby cheese), decrease precipitously early during ripening, and then stabilize (as in blue cheese) or increase markedly (as in Camembert cheese). Consumption of foods containing L. monocytogenes can lead to listeriosis in susceptible humans (adults with a compromised immune system), pregnant women, and infants). In large outbreaks of human listeriosis, mortality rates of ca. 30% are common.
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PMID:Listeria monocytogenes--threat to a safe food supply: a review. 211 32

Forty-nine strains of Pasteurella haemolytica were serotyped in a pilot study. The majority of strains were isolated from sheep which had died from fibrinous pneumonia and small numbers from cases of sepsis, polyserositis, mastitis and meningitis. Serotype A2 was found to be the most prevalent: 69.4 per cent. In addition, serotype A7 with 18.4 per cent and serotypes A1 and A6, both 6.1 per cent, were identified. Biotype T strains were not detected in this study. Further research is required into the seasonal prevalence of P. haemolytica serotypes in sheep and cattle. This knowledge may help to improve herd health schemes for sheep and cattle in the Netherlands.
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PMID:[Pasteurella haemolytica serotyping]. 233 43

Antibodies against common gram-negative core antigens can provide protection against environmental, commensual, and contagious bacteria that cause life-threatening gram-negative sepsis/endotoxemia. Cross-protective immunity may be effective against many common livestock diseases, including neonatal coliform septicemia, coliform mastitis, septic metritis, and severe enteritis. The greatest potential benefit of cross-protective immunity may be realized in the reduction of ill-thrift and mortality of neonates. The use of active and passive immunization against core antigens common to gram-negative bacteria has been successful in human beings, laboratory animals, and livestock. Protection has been observed following challenge with either heterologous endotoxin or unrelated, live, virulent gram-negative bacteria.
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PMID:Immunity targeting common core antigens of gram-negative bacteria. 240 40

Gynaecological infections range from vaginitis to septic shock. Postoperative infections are common sequelae of hysterectomy. Sexually transmitted infections start as vaginitis or rather as cervicitis. During pregnancy and delivery we find septic abortion, amnionitis, endometritis, wound infections, thrombophlebitis, sepsis, mastitis and urinary tract infections. In most infections cephalosporins are drugs of first choice because of their broad spectrum, their beta-lactamase stability and their lack of toxicity, which is especially important in pregnancy.
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PMID:Infections in gynaecology and obstetrics and cefotaxime. 261 36


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