Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A nineteen-month-old child presented with a febrile illness, skin rash, painful swelling of the joints, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Pseudomonas was cultured from the blood during life and, subsequently, at autopsy. Autopsy revealed a generalized panarteritis involving the coronary, retroperitoneal and pulmonary arteries with thickening of arterial walls and narrowing of the lumina. Thrombi and foci of necrosis and infarcts were found in many organs. Numerous bacilli were present in fresh lesions, but not in the organizing lesions. Periodic acid-Schiff-positive deposits were found in occasional macrophages, in walls of affected vessels, in the marginal sinuses of lymph nodes and diffusely in epicardial and retroperitoneal adipose tissue. The findings suggest that some or even all cases of Kawasaki's disease and infantile polyarteritis nodosa may be caused by Pseudomonas sepsis. It is also suggested that the vasculitis and paucity of inflammatory reaction in many cases of Pseudomonas sepsis might be related to the fact that many strains of Pseudomonas produce high-molecular-weight levan (or another polysaccharide). This compound is known to inhibit the inflammatory reaction and to increase bacterial pathogenicity.
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PMID:Kawasaki's disease and infantile polyarteritis nodosa: is Pseudomonas infection responsible? Report of a case. 3 42

The case of a 49-year-old man with the diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy is reported. The patient survived a stormy clinical course. The corticosteroids improved dramatically the clinical picture although the patient developed a staphylococcal septicemia. Before treatment immunological studies were done including quantitation of B and T-cells, antigen stimulation of lymphocytes in vitro, skin tests and skin window. Impairment of cell mediated immunity, decreased T-lymphocytes and increased B-lymphocytes were found. A decreased migration of lymphocytes in the skin window was also found compatible with immunosuppression. A possible presumptive pathogenetic mechanism is described although the cause of this recently described entity remains unknown.
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PMID:Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy: a T-cell deficiency. 30 80

Fifteen patients with a rare malignant lymphoma characterized by a high content of epithelioid histiocytes are reported. This lymphoma, referred to as "Lennert's lymphoma," was originally thought to be a variant of Hodgkin's disease, but has both histologic and clinical differences. Although the infiltrate is polymorphous, diagnostic Reed-Sternberg cells are difficult to find and involvement of tonsils relatively common. Lennert's lymphoma bears some resemblance to immunoblastic lymphadenopathy in that some patients have a history of allergies, polyclonal hyperglobulinemia, and all lymph nodes demonstrate variable proliferation of immunoblasts. However, both vascular proliferation and the amorphous eosinophilic interstitial material characteristic of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy are lacking. The clinical course in this series was unpredictable with rapid death in six cases, chiefly from sepsis, 1--18 months following diagnosis despite therapy as for Hodgkin's disease. The remaining eight patients for whom follow-up data are available are in apparent clinical remission. Further cases and investigations are needed to determine the precise behavior of Lennert's lymphoma and to learn its exact status in relation to other malignant lymphomas or immunoblastic proliferations.
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PMID:Malignant lymphoma with a high content of epitheloid histiocytes (Lennert's lymphoma). 93 55

Lymphadenopathy is an uncommon finding in hairy cell leukaemia (HCL). We report 12 HCL patients in whom relapse was associated with massive abdominal lymphadenopathy. All but one had long-standing HCL (range 3-25 years; median 10 years); in one it was discovered at presentation. Nine patients had been splenectomized and seven had previously been treated with 2'deoxycoformycin (DCF) and/or alpha-interferon (alpha IFN): three had achieved complete remission and four a partial response. The computerized tomography (CT) scan appearances were similar in all cases with a primary lymph node mass centred around the coeliac axis and involving upper para-aortic and retropancreatic regions. Histology and/or cytology confirmed nodal involvement by HCL in six patients. Large immature hairy cells were seen in both lymph nodes and bone marrow, suggesting a degree of transformation. Nine patients were treated with DCF: one had complete resolution, six responded with 50-90% reduction of the lymphadenopathy, one did not respond and one is still on treatment; alpha-IFN was used concomitantly or sequentially in two of the responders. One responding patient died of sepsis after four injections of DCF. Three patients received either alpha- or beta-IFN alone with no response. One elderly patient was not treated. Abdominal lymphadenopathy could be part of the natural history of HCL and/or may represent a transformation analogous to that seen in other low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders. Routine abdominal CT scanning should be part of the work up of all patients with HCL.
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PMID:Massive abdominal lymphadenopathy in hairy cell leukaemia: a report of 12 cases. 128 78

A prospective case series study was conducted Jan 1991-Oct 1991 on 108 neonates admitted to NICU, Lusaka. 90 patients satisfied inclusion criteria, 45 cases and 45 controls. Symptomatic seropositive babies born to seropositive mothers presented with failure to thrive, fever, persistent or recurrent thrush, severe Sepsis and large liver. Tendency to prematurity among cases was high. Diarrhoea, Sepsis and Haemolytic Anaemia appear to be terminal signs. Neonates suffer the most aggressive form of HIV/AIDS, with symptomatic cases dying 3-4/52 of onset of symptoms. Over one quarter of the mothers were symptomatic. Congenital malformations and Lymphadenopathy were not significantly associated. Microcephaly occurred in association with failure to thrive and was not an isolated finding.
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PMID:Clinical presentation of HIV/AIDS in the high risk neonate in Zambia. 139 42

Two cases of atypical Kawasaki disease are reported. Case 1 was a five-month-old male infant admitted to this hospital with a 10-day's history of high fever. On examination, he appeared ill-looking and only hepatomegaly was noted. Laboratory studies showed leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, elevated ESR and pleocytosis in CSF. He was treated as sepsis with meningitis. Sudden death occurred on the eighth day of admission, and left coronary artery aneurysm with thrombosis was noted at autopsy. Case 2 was a four-month-old male infant referred to our hospital with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy of 11 day's duration, and unresponsive to antibiotics. Skin rash had developed after oxacillin injection. Echocardiogram, performed on the third day of admission, disclosed a 5-8 mm aneurysm of the left coronary artery and a 4 mm aneurysm of the right coronary artery. Before a specific diagnostic test for Kawasaki disease becomes available, we suggest that a possible diagnosis of Kawasaki disease and echocardiographic evaluation should be considered in case of (1) presence of partial criteria of Kawasaki disease with thrombocytosis; and/or (2) young infants with prolonged unexplained fever.
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PMID:Atypical Kawasaki disease: report of two cases. 151 14

Angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) is a relatively rare disease of differential diagnostic interest in patients with lymphadenopathy. The etiology and pathogenesis are still not elucidated. The disease is classified into localized and systemic types. The localized form is divided histologically into hyaline-vascular type and plasma cell types. The former is usually demonstrated incidentally as a widening of the mediastinum in otherwise asymptomatic patients. The plasma cell type usually presents in the abdominal lymph nodes and is accompanied by fever, loss of weight, anemia and hypergammaglobulinemia. Surgical treatment is curative in the localized disease. The systemic disease involves multiple lymph nodes, and multiple organs are affected. The prognosis is dubious, and frequently the patients rapidly die from septicemia or other infectious complications. Some patients develop malignancies. Treatment with glucocorticosteroids and chemotherapy has only demonstrated a limited effect. The diagnosis requires both a characteristic histopathology and typical clinical symptoms. A current illustrative case report is presented.
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PMID:[Angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman disease)]. 154 67

Pasteurella multocida, a small gram-negative bacterium, is part of the normal mouth flora of many animals, including domestic cats and dogs. While commonly associated with infections in animals, it is a rare cause of human disease. The majority of Pasteurella infections in humans occur with percutaneous inoculation of the organism following a bite by a cat or dog, although disease without antecedent animal exposure or with causal animal contact does occur. The spectrum of disease produced ranges from localized, including abscess, cellulitis, lymphadenopathy, and osteomyelitis, to systemic, with septicemia, septic arthritis, respiratory, and central nervous system involvement. Altered host defenses and underlying chronic disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, corticosteroid therapy, and severe hepatic or renal disease, may predispose to more serious systemic manifestations of infection. The authors report a case of P. multocida infection in a total knee arthroplasty as a result of a dog scratch and review the literature reporting P. multocida infections in total knee arthroplasty.
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PMID:Pasteurella multocida infection in total knee arthroplasty. Case report and literature review. 161 22

The clinical observations carried out on 10 leprosy patients with HIV1-infection, admitted between 1.1.1986 and 1.5.1988 to the Salvation Army Hospital at Chikankata, Mazabuka, Zambia are described. A total of 8 of this group were newly-diagnosed borderline leprosy patients. Their clinical data were compared with those of 34 newly-diagnosed borderline leprosy patients, admitted in the same period--50% were men, 50% women. The clinical presentation, with respect to leprosy, on admission, did not differ very much in both groups. The incidence of neuritis in both groups was 50% (respectively 5 and 17). The outcome of specific therapy of neuritis was worse in the HIV1 patients than in the other group: only partial recovery in 4 out of 5 and no response in 1, compared with a complete recovery in 10 cases, and a partial recovery in 7 cases in the other group. A total of 6 patients of the HIV1-group admitted to have had multiple heterosexual contacts, 5 had a history of sexually transmitted disease, 7 had generalized lymphadenopathy and 4 presented with another disease in addition to leprosy. While in hospital the group of 10 HIV1-infected patients suffered 17 episodes of intercurrent disease against none in the other group; 1 patient (male) died with generalized dermatitis and sepsis; 1 woman died with fulminant hepatitis.
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PMID:Clinical observations on leprosy patients with HIV1-infection in Zambia. 164 Jul 80

A case is described of an HIV+ man who was successfully treated for Hodgkin's lymphoma, but who later developed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 3 years later when his immune system became suppressed. The patient was 22 years old when he presented with fever, asthenia, weight loss, and cervical lymphadenopathy. With Hodgkin's lymphoma he also had positive serology for HIV and hepatitis B. He was treated with alternate courses of MOPP and ABVD chemotherapy. In 1990 he again appeared with high fever, progressive cervical, axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy, with hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement on x-ray. CD4 lymphocytes were 577/cubic mm, and the CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.57 (normal 1.8). His cervical lymph node biopsy was classified as non-B non-T large-cell anaplastic lymphoma which was EBV-positive. A Western Blot was positive for small amounts of p24 and p18 antigens. The man was treated with MACOP-B chemotherapy, with some results, but died of sepsis 6 weeks later. The relationships between Hodgkins and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the timing of the neoplasm in the course of HIV infection, and the possible re-activation of hepatitis virus were discussed.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after prolonged remission of Hodgkin's disease in an HIV-infected patient. 166 42


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