Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hemorrhagic lymphadenitis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes and mediastinitis are shown to be the primary septical focus, this indicating an inhalation route of the contamination with development of pulmonary anthrax. The alterations in the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system are considered to be secondary resulting from lymphohematogenic generalization of the anthraxic sepsis. The attention is drawn to the morphological signs of the immunodepression and the inhibition of granulocytic reaction. It is noted that the epidemic outburst of the pulmonary anthrax is without analogs and its development may be the result only of a massive penetration of bacteria into the atmosphere.
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PMID:[Pathology of anthrax sepsis according to materials of the infectious outbreak in 1979 in Sverdlovsk (various aspects of morpho-, patho- and thanatogenesis)]. 798 34

Of a total of 111 children with primary immunodeficiency, 20 had phagocytic disorders (18%) and 10 of them (8 boys and 2 girls) were diagnosed as chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). The children presented with repeated infections already during the first months of life. The main clinical findings were: abscess (n = 8), otitis (n = 8), pneumonia (n = 8), lymphadenitis and pyodermitis (n = 6) and septicemia (4), NBT reduction was almost absent in all the children, except one of them. Bactericidal activity against S. aureus and phagocytosis were impaired in CGD patients. Different patterns of laboratory tests and prognosis were observed and girls had a better evolution.
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PMID:Chronic granulomatous disease of childhood: differential diagnosis and prognosis. 805 96

Fourteen pediatric patients with infections (21 episodes) were treated with intravenous vancomycin (VCM) and the clinical efficacy and side effects were evaluated. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 month to 13 years and their body weights from 1.9 to 49 kg. The drug was administered by intravenous drip infusion for 60 minutes. Doses given were 10 (except one with 20) mg/kg every 6 (8 or 12 in patients with renal dysfunction) hours for 5 to 27 days. A leukemic patient was given the drug for 3.5 months. Those episodes which responded well to the VCM treatment included 10 episodes in 8 children with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, 4 in 2 children with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) infections and 2 in 2 children with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus infections. Those infections included sepsis, empyema, bronchitis, subcutaneous abscess, cellulitis and lymphadenitis. Clinical effects were fair in 1 patient with gingival abscess due to MRSE, and undetermined in 4 patients with infections of which etiologies were unknown. The drug was well tolerated, although rash, which disappeared after more prolonged infusion, was noted in 2 episodes and elevated serum concentrations of transaminases occurred in 4 episodes (both side effects occurred in 1 patient given 20 mg/kg every 6 hours). The minimal inhibitory concentrations of VCM against isolated staphylococci were 0.5-1 microgram/ml. Monitoring for serum concentrations of drug was performed in 10 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Intravenous vancomycin treatment in children; its clinical usefulness and serum concentration monitoring]. 837 87

An 80-year-old woman being treated with anti-hypertensive drugs developed eruption and itching of the skin. High fever and lymph node enlargement subsequently developed in spite of discontinuing all antihypertensive drugs, and she was admitted to our hospital. At the initial examination, multiple papules were noted over the entire body, and the skin showed thickening and lichenification with scratch marks. There was also generalized enlargement of the superficial lymph nodes. From these findings, her condition was diagnosed as chronic prurigo due to drug allergy. Laboratory tests showed inflammatory findings, anemia and a high serum level of IgE. Analysis of the surface marker of peripheral lymphocytes revealed no abnormalities. Bacteriologic cultures of blood revealed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Histologic examination of the lymph nodes revealed chronic reactive lymphadenitis with a follicular pattern. She was strongly suspected of having MRSA septicemia, and so combination chemotherapy with vancomycin, minocycline and cefoperazone/sulbactam was started. However, 1 month after initiation of chemotherapy, the low-grade fever, eruption and moderate inflammatory findings persisted, and culture of the eruptions revealed MRSA. The prurigo was therefore considered to be the source of the septicemia, and daily application of diflucortolone ointment containing 3% acetic acid was started. Thereafter, the clinical and laboratory findings showed a rapid improvement. MRSA infections usually occur in compromised patients who are receiving antibiotics during prolonged hospitalization. The present case, who did not have any underlying disease, indicates that old-age is also an important factor for the development of MRSA septicemia.
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PMID:[Septicemia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from chronic prurigo in an elderly woman]. 939 25

Following its introduction into the market, PAPM/BP (panipenem/betamipron) was clinically studied in 188 evaluable cases out of 207 cases primarily of respiratory infectious diseases treated at the pediatric departments of 15 hospitals. In the clinical evaluation, the drug proved effective in three of three cases of sepsis; three of three cases of suppurative meningitis; nine of ten cases of laryngopharyngitis, six of seven cases of tonsillitis, 56 of 63 cases of acute bronchitis, 90 of 98 cases of pneumonia, and one of one case of phyothorax, all of which are respiratory infectious diseases; one of one case of secondary infection of a chronic respiratory disease; and two of two cases of lymphadenitis, which is a disease of the soft dermal structure. The overall efficacy rate was 91.0% (171/188 cases). In the bacteriological study, Gram-positive bacteria were eliminated in five of five strains of S. aureus, 30 of 31 strains of S. pneumoniae (96.8%), and three of three strains of S. pyogenes. Gramnegative bacteria were eliminated in 15 of 17 strains of H. influenzae (88.2%), three of four strains of M. catarrhalis, and two of two strains of K. pneumoniae. The overall elimination rate was 92.1% (70/76 strains). In the 23 strains of S. pneumoniae that were examined, penicillin-resistant strains accounted for 56.5%, showing an elimination rate of 100%. No serious adverse effects were observed, and the incidence of adverse effects was 1.45%. As for abnormalities in laboratory tests, levels of GOT and GPT increased in eight cases (3.88%), LDH increased in one case (0.48%), and neutropenia occurred in one case (0.51%). These results suggest that PAMP/BP could be considered the first choice in the treatment of infectious diseases in pediatrics, due to its effectiveness and high level of safety.
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PMID:[Clinical and bacteriological studies on panipenem/betamipron in pediatrics. Kanagawa Research Group for Infectious Diseases of Children]. 964 2

A retrospective analysis of the surgical procedure in 1655 patients in twenty years in a university hospital for thoracic tuberculosis revealed that the varieties of procedures were necessary in 2.2% cases only. They can be grouped as tubercular empyema with or without bronchopleural fistula in 1507 (91%), complicated pulmonary tuberculosis in 78 (4.7%), cold abscess in the chest wall with or without lymphadenitis in 54 (3.2%) and osteomyelitis of the ribs and sternum in 16 cases (0.9%). This is statistically significant with a confidence interval of 0.1248 to 0.2348. In tubercular empyema 222 procedures were performed of which 162 were minor procedures, intercostal drainage with irrigation: 89 cases, thoracostoma: 56 cases and continuous chest wall tube 17 cases and 60 were major procedures (decortication in 45 cases, thoracoplasty [modified] in 14 cases and muscle transfer in one case). All the above procedures were preceded by an intercostal drainage. In complicated pulmonary tuberculosis the operative procedures were as follows: lobectomy in 33 cases, pneumonectomy in 35 cases and thoracoplasty in 10 cases. Drainage of cold abscess with or without lymphnode resection was performed in 54 cases and in 16 cases of osteomyelitis of the ribs and sternum resection were necessary. All procedures were performed under the cover of antitubercular therapy and supportive treatment with the aim of resolution of process, obliteration of the empyema space, control of sepsis and improvement of activity performance. The morbidity was extensive and mortality was high in major procedures. Good results could be obtained in over 92% cases, and only 66.2% on major surgery cases.
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PMID:Analysis of status of surgery in thoracic tuberculosis. 977 67

A registry of United States residents with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) was established in 1993 in order to estimate the minimum incidence of this uncommon primary immunodeficiency disease and characterize its epidemiologic and clinical features. To date, 368 patients have been registered; 259 have the X-linked recessive form of CGD, 81 have 1 of the autosomal recessive forms, and in 28 the mode of inheritance is unknown. The minimum estimate of birth rate is between 1/200,000 and 1/250,000 live births for the period 1980-1989. Pneumonia was the most prevalent infection (79% of patients; Aspergillus most prevalent cause), followed by suppurative adenitis (53% of patients; Staphylococcus most prevalent cause), subcutaneous abscess (42% of patients; Staphylococcus most prevalent cause), liver abscess (27% of patients; Staphylococcus most prevalent cause), osteomyelitis (25% of patients; Serratia most prevalent cause), and sepsis (18% of patients; Salmonella most prevalent cause). Fifteen percent of patients had gastric outlet obstruction, 10% urinary tract obstruction, and 17% colitis/enteritis. Ten percent of X-linked recessive kindreds and 3% of autosomal recessive kindreds had family members with lupus. Eighteen percent of patients either were deceased when registered or died after being registered. The most common causes of death were pneumonia and/or sepsis due to Aspergillus (23 patients) or Burkholderia cepacia (12 patients). Patients with the X-linked recessive form of the disease appear to have a more serious clinical phenotype than patients with the autosomal recessive forms of the disease, based on the fact that they are diagnosed significantly earlier (mean, 3.01 years of age versus 7.81 years of age, respectively), have a significantly higher prevalence of perirectal abscess (17% versus 7%), suppurative adenitis (59% versus 32%), bacteremia/fungemia (21% versus 10%), gastric obstruction (19% versus 5%), and urinary tract obstruction (11% versus 3%), and a higher mortality (21.2% versus 8.6%).
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PMID:Chronic granulomatous disease. Report on a national registry of 368 patients. 1084 35

Melioidosis has not been recognized previously in Laos, but within months of starting a prospective study of community acquired septicemia in Vientiane, 2 patients with melioidosis were identified. One was a previously healthy, 44-year-old female rice farmer who presented with supraclavicular lymphadenitis and the other was a 74-year-old man with diabetes and renal calculi who was receiving corticosteroids and had septicemia and septic arthritis.
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PMID:Melioidosis and Pandora's box in the Lao People's Democratic Republic. 1118 Nov 33

A 34-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine for sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis. Cervical and inguinal lymph node biopsies showed the features of severe necrotising lymphadenitis, associated with erythrophagocytosis and prominent eosinophilic infiltrates, without viral inclusion bodies, suggestive of an adverse drug reaction.A week later, fulminant drug-induced hepatitis, associated with the presence of anti-nuclear autoantibodies (but not with other markers of autoimmunity), and accompanied by multi-organ failure and sepsis, supervened. She subsequently died some 5 weeks after the commencement of her drug therapy.Post-mortem examination showed evidence of massive hepatocellular necrosis, acute hypersensitivity myocarditis, focal acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis and extensive bone marrow necrosis, with no evidence of malignancy. It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chronology of this case bore the hallmarks of the so-called "3-week sulphasalazine syndrome", a rare, but often fatal, immunoallergic reaction to sulphasalazine.
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PMID:The 3-week sulphasalazine syndrome strikes again. 1167 59

The prevalence of different pathogens detected in combination with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) was studied retrospectively in field cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) diagnosed at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, between January 2000, and September 2001. The presence of PCV-2 antigen in lymphoid tissues and/or lung, demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, together with moderate to severe lymphoid depletion and/or granulomatous lymphadenitis, was used as the criteria for the diagnosis of PMWS. A total of 484 cases fulfilled these criteria. Most of the cases (294/369) of PMWS occurred in pigs between the ages of 8 and 18 weeks, with a peak at 10 weeks of age. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was detected in 51.9% of the cases, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in 35.5%, bacterial septicemia in 14.0%, bacterial pneumonia in 7.6%, swine influenza virus in 5.4%, and PCV-2 alone in 1.9%. In cases with bacterial septicemia the most frequently isolated pathogen was Streptococcus suis. In cases with bacterial pneumonia, Pasteurella multocida was the most prevalent.
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PMID:Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) coinfections in US field cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). 1242 38


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