Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-eight cases of systemic infections due to Haemophilus influenzae diagnosed from October 1988 to December 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical manifestations were 13 meningitis (15 episodes), 9 septic arthritis, 4 acute epiglottitis, 1 septicemia and 1 lung abscess. In the 15 meningitis episodes, 13 had positive CSF culture results, and the other 2 episodes of pretreated with antibiotics were diagnosed by H. influenzae type b (Hib) antigen detection by using concentrated urine specimens. In the 9 septic arthritis cases, 6 had positive synovial fluid culture results. Of the 3 cases with negative results on Gram stain and on synovial fluid and blood cultures, etiological diagnosis was established by Hib antigen detection in synovial fluid. Results of Hib antigen detection were positive in all 8 cases (100%). In 6 of these 8 cases, antimicrobial therapy was started by the results of antigen detection. In the 4 acute epiglottitis, 2 had positive blood culture results, and the other 1 case was diagnosed by Hib antigen detection by using concentrated urine specimen. In 3 of these 4 cases, H. influenzae strains isolated from nasopharyngeal swab or aspirated sputum were serotyped as type b. In this study, rapid antigen detection has several advantages in the rapid laboratory diagnosis of systemic infections due to Haemophilus influenzae. 1. The detection of Hib antigen is the only way to diagnose bacterial etiology of infection in patients who had received partially treatment with antimicrobials. Urine is as an appropriate specimen for antigen testing as CSF in patients with suspected Hib meningitis. Moreover, to detect Hib antigen in synovial fluid is clinically useful in septic arthritis. 2. Both the antigen detection and Gram stain made the rapid presumptive identifications and effected therapeutic decision making. 3. Antigen detection methods have also been used in serotyping of clinical isolates. We conclude that rapid antigen detection is a very useful tool for the rapid etiological diagnosis and guideline for the choice of antimicrobials in systemic infections due to Hib. It is necessary to diagnose bacterial etiology as a routine procedure using not only Gram stain and culture but also rapid antigen detection technique in patients with suspected Hib systemic infection.
 ...
PMID:[Usefulness of rapid antigen detection for the diagnosis of systemic infections due to Haemophilus influenzae]. 1035 91

Twenty-four children (aged 6-15 years, M:F = 1:11) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), who had respiratory symptoms, were retrospectively reviewed. Chest radiographs obtained from all patients revealed pleural effusion in 13, alveolar infiltration in 9, pericardial effusion and cardiomegaly in 6, interstitial infiltration in 4, hilar adenopathy in 3, lung abscess in 2 and pneumatocele with pneumothorax in 1. Etiologic organisms were identified in 7 cases; (3 cases of nocardia isolated from pleural effusion and sputum, 2 cases of tuberculosis, 1 case with staphylococcus aureus septicemia and 1 case with salmonella septicemia). All except one patient improved with medical treatment. One patient died from pneumonitis. Although pulmonary involvement is increasingly recognized in children with SLE, neither roentgenogram nor clinical findings were specific. The differentiation of pulmonary infiltrates caused by lupus lung disease from pulmonary infection should be carefully evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary involvement in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus. 1073 May 34

An 8-year-old girl died of sepsis due to staphylococcal infection one year and 8 months after Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) revaccination. Two months after the vaccination in accordance with the school health program, she was hospitalized with a high fever, skin rash over the face and lower limbs, and leukopenia. Her clinical and laboratory pictures were not compatible with those of any established type of immunodeficiency. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for M. tuberculosis complex was positive for bone marrow, pleural fluid, and peripheral blood. The strain recovered from a mycobacterial culture of the blood was identical to the BCG strains with which the patient was vaccinated, based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and a pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analyses of DNA. She developed finally a lung abscess due to staphylococcal septicemia, which was the direct cause of her death.
 ...
PMID:Severe disseminated BCG infection in an 8-year-old girl. 1120 86

A 60-year-old man, who had undergone implantation of a transvenous pacemaker system on the left chest wall for sick sinus syndrome 19 years ago, was admitted because of endocarditis with septicemia and lung abscess 2 months after reimplantation of the generator. His blood culture revealed Staphylococcus aureus. Following debridement of the infected pacemaker pocket and antibiotics therapy, we tried to remove the pacemaker system under cardiopulmonary bypass 1 month after admission. In intraoperative inspection, the electrodes had become firmly encased with fibrous tissue within the tricuspid valve and the right ventricle. After the operation, antibiotic therapy was performed for 4 weeks. His postoperative course was uneventful. Patients with pacemaker infection should undergo aggressive total removal of the pacemaker system, particularly incase with endocarditis and bacteremia.
 ...
PMID:[Total removal of infected pacemaker lead under cardiopulmonary bypass in a case of endocarditis, bacteremia and lung abscess]. 1135 11

A 64-year-old man suffering from diabetic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma was admitted for acute lung abscess in the left apical lung field. Sputum culture and blood culture showed a heavy growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). He was suffering from sepsis, septic pulmonary embolisms with cavities, bilateral pulmonary consolidations, and multiple liver abscesses. Gradually, the bilateral lung consolidations resolved and areas of consolidation were noted to undergo extensive cavitation bilaterally. Cavitation and abscess formation are frequent complications of K. pneumoniae. Generally, large bilateral lung abscesses caused by K. pneumoniae have a poor prognosis. Cavity nodules are often present in septic pulmonary embolisms. We report a very rare case in a patient with three types of cavities with differing mechanisms. The first was an acute lung abscess, the second, septic pulmonary embolisms with cavities, and the third, large bilateral lung cavities noted in the course of resolving consolidations.
 ...
PMID:[A case of pneumonia, septic pulmonary embolisms with cavities, bilateral large lung abscesses, and multiple liver abscesses caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae]. 1153 Mar 88

Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) is a very common condition, which presents with deteriorating sputum production and dyspnoea in a patient with pre-existing COPD or chronic bronchitis. As these symptoms are relatively non-specific and also the presenting feature of a wide range of other conditions, the physician should carefully consider the differential diagnosis before deciding on whether or not a patient indeed has AECB. The differential diagnosis can be summarised as pneumonia, pneumothorax, cardiac failure/cor pulmonale, bronchiectasis, asthma, tuberculosis, sinusitis and other forms of upper respiratory tract sepsis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, lung cancer, gastro-oesophageal reflux, the presence of a foreign body in the airway, melioidosis, and lung abscess. This article aims to discuss these conditions, with brief presentation of clinical cases, in the evaluation of differential diagnosis of AECB.
 ...
PMID:Solutions for difficult diagnostic cases of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. 1158 3

A 71-year-old man presented with hemoptysis due to chronic contained rupture of the descending thoracic aorta after sepsis by Escherichia coli complicated with transrectal biopsy of the prostate, and underwent urgent graft replacement. The aorta had an almost normal caliber and ruptured into the left lung without abscess. The perforated site of the lung was filled with gelatin-resorcinol-formaldehyde glue, and the defect of the aortic wall was closed. Without graft infection, lung abscess, or sepsis, the patient was discharged followed by 1 month's intravenous administration of cefazolin and piperacillin sensitive to Escherichia coli after the surgery.
 ...
PMID:Chronic contained rupture of the descending thoracic aorta due to infection by Escherichia coli. 1602 72

Lung resection is uncommon in children because of its limited indications. We reviewed and analyzed the records of 31 children who underwent pulmonary resection between 1994 and 2001. The mean age was 7 years (range 1.6-12 years), and genders were equal. Bronchiectasis, lung abscess, necrotizing pneumonia, and destroyed lung were seen in 14, 12, 3, and 2 patients, respectively. Bronchial stenosis and inflammation of the bronchus was found endoscopically in four patients, and a foreign body in one patient. The indications for surgery in chronic sepsis were: recurrent respiratory tract infections, severe bronchiectasis, recurrent hemoptysis, destroyed lung parenchyma, and lung abscess, while the indications for surgery in acute infections were: failed medical treatment, or empyema. A lobectomy was done on 15 patients, lobectomy and lingulectomy on 4, lobectomy and decortications on 10, and pneumonectomy on 2 with no operative deaths. Intra-operative and post-operative complications were seen in 2 and 4 patients, respectively. Mean follow-up was 3.9 years (range 1.5-5 years). Twenty-eight patients were asymptomatic and three had improved. Respiratory function remained unchanged in 14 children. Mediastinal shift and lung overinflation occurred after pneumonectomy. These results show that lung resection can be done safely in pulmonary infection refractory to conservative medical therapy. Pulmonary resection does not alter respiratory function since the resected segments do not contribute to ventilation.
 ...
PMID:Lung resection in children for infectious pulmonary diseases. 1607 33

We reviewed a single-center experience of pediatric lung resections for various congenital and acquired benign lung conditions. Thirty-five children underwent lung resections between 1998 and 2006, their age ranging from 8 days to 12 years (mean 3 years), with a male:female ratio of 4:1. Twelve patients were neonates. Antenatal diagnosis was available in only one patient. The presenting symptoms were respiratory distress and respiratory tract infections. Imaging with chest X-ray with/without a CT scan picked up the lesion in all cases. Preoperative ventilation was required for five patients. One patient had pneumothorax at presentation; however, ten patients had inadvertent intercostal tube insertion before surgical referral. The surgical procedures performed included lobectomy (28), segmentectomy (3), and pneumonectomy in 4 cases. Twenty-one patients underwent emergency surgery. Six patients required postoperative ventilation. The histopathological diagnosis was congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) (9), congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) (9), bronchiectasis (9), sequestration (3), atelectasis (1), lung abscess (1), unilobar tuberculosis (1), hydatid cyst (1), and foreign body with collapse (1). There was considerable discrepancy between the preoperative diagnosis based on imaging and the postoperative histopathological diagnosis. Postoperative complications included atelectasis (2), pneumothorax (2) and fluid collection (4 cases). Three patients died, one from compromised cardiac function, one from overwhelming sepsis and one from respiratory failure due to severe bilateral CCAM; the rest of the patients made a satisfactory recovery. At short-term follow-up all patients were doing well. Pulmonary resections are necessary for various congenital and acquired lung lesions in children and can be done safely in a pediatric hospital setup. Proper preoperative diagnosis can avoid inadvertent intercostal tube insertion in patients with congenital cystic lung lesions. The histopathological diagnosis often differs from the radiological diagnosis. Emergency lobectomies for acute respiratory distress, even in neonates, result in a satisfactory outcome.
 ...
PMID:Lung resections in children for congenital and acquired lesions. 1767 88

Abscess of the residual lobe after lobectomy is a rare but potentially lethal complication. Between January 1975 and December 2006, 1,460 patients underwent elective pulmonary lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer at our institution. Abscess of the residual lung parenchyma occurred in 5 (0.3%) cases (4 bilobectomies and 1 lobectomy). Postoperative chest radiography showed incomplete expansion and consolidation of residual lung parenchyma. Flexible bronchoscopy revealed persistent bronchial occlusion from purulent secretions and/or bronchial collapse. Computed tomography in 3 patients demonstrated lung abscess foci. Surgical treatment included completion right pneumonectomy in 3 patients and a middle lobectomy in one. Complications after repeat thoracotomy comprised contralateral pneumonia and sepsis in 1 patient. Residual lobar abscess after lobectomy should be suspected in patients presenting with fever, leukocytosis, bronchial obstruction and lung consolidation despite antibiotic therapy, physiotherapy and bronchoscopy. Computed tomography is mandatory for early diagnosis. Surgical resection of the affected lobe is recommended.
 ...
PMID:Abscess of residual lobe after pulmonary resection for lung cancer. 1838 67


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>