Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a case of Listeria monocytogenes septicemia in a patient with advanced CLL after a single course of fludarabine, without any other immunosuppressive therapy e.g. corticosteroids. The immunosuppressive action of fludarabine in patients who are already severely immunosuppressed must be considered from a diagnostic and therapeutic point of view. Listeriosis and other opportunistic infections, like pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, have been reported during and after treatment with purine analogues. Prophylaxis with cotrimoxazole must therefore be discussed in patients with CLL treated with fludarabine.
 ...
PMID:Listeriosis after fludarabine treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 916 6

From December 1994 to November 1995 an unusual accumulation of Listeria infections occurred at the University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. Eleven immunosuppressed patients from different departments developed septicemia due to Listeria monocytogenes during hospitalization. In a retrospective study, serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that six isolates were identical or genetically related. Four of them had been isolated from renal transplant recipients. Listeria monocytogenes was neither detected in food samples of the renal transplantation ward, nor in stool specimens obtained from the ward staff. There had been no close contacts among the infected patients. Before transplantation, the renal transplant recipients had been dialysed in different dialysis centers. Nosocomial foodborne transmission could not be proven but seems likely.
 ...
PMID:Nosocomial infections by Listeria monocytogenes: analysis of a cluster of septicemias in immunocompromised patients. 918 78

Listeria monocytogenes, a worldwide pathogen, causes significant perinatal mortality and morbidity and has been implicated in spontaneous abortions, still-births, premature delivery, and neonatal sepsis, often with meningitis. Maternal symptoms are frequently minimal, and diagnosis is made only if the suspicion is high and diagnostic maternal blood or amniotic fluid cultures are performed. Because cultures are not routinely performed on spontaneously aborted fetuses, many authors feel that the true incidence of the disease may be underestimated. To date, the absence of a test to retrospectively diagnose Listeria infection has contributed to the lack of accurate estimates of the incidence of the disease. Seven cases in which immunohistochemical stains were used to confirm the diagnosis of placental listeriosis are described. All placentas showed the characteristic lesions with severe chorioamnionitis, numerous microabscesses, and focal necrotizing villitis. Immunohistochemical localization of Listeria antigen was made to the amnion (focally in areas with no inflammatory infiltrate), the abscesses, and the areas with villitis. In general, the antigen was extracellular and intracellular, predominantly within macrophages or the amnion epithelium. Listeria antigen was often found where definite identification of the organism was not possible on Brown-Hopps or Warthin-Starry stains. The immunohistochemical technique may therefore show an increase in sensitivity of detection of L monocytogenes compared with routine bacterial stains. Moreover, the ability to retrospectively evaluate placental specimens for evidence of this organism should permit the true incidence of perinatal listeriosis to be determined.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical detection of Listeria antigens in the placenta in perinatal listeriosis. 978 35

The aim off this study was to describe the incidence, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcome of perinatal listeriosis for a 7-year period (1990-1996) based on data of an active population-based surveillance project implemented in the city of Barcelona, Spain. There were 30 cases (20.8%) associated with pregnancy (15 pregnant women, 13 neonates, and 2 fetal deaths). The incidence of perinatal listeriosis varied from 4.1 to 0 per 10,000 live births. The proportion of perinatal cases in relation to the total number of cases of listeriosis varied between 0 and 42%. Early-onset neonatal sepsis accounted for 12 of 13 live births. The mean age of infected pregnant women with listeriosis was 30.1+/-2.0 years. Chorioamnionitis was the predominant clinical form (86.7%). Only two mothers had primary bacteremia by L. monocytogenes in the second trimester of pregnancy. Both infants were born healthy, without signs of infection. One of these mothers was infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Since January 1994, 12 strains were available for serotyping and phagotyping; 9 belonged to serovar 4b, 2 to serovar 1/2b, and 1 to serovar 1/2a. No outbreaks of L. monocytogenes infection occurred during the study period. The overall neonatal mortality rate was 7.7% among infected live births. All pregnant women were treated with ampicillin and none died. Early antenatal treatment with ampicillin improves neonatal outcome and can result in the birth of healthy babies.
 ...
PMID:Perinatal listeriosis: a population-based multicenter study in Barcelona, Spain (1990-1996). 978 44

A Listeria monocytogenes infection may develop during pregnancy by eating sausages, fresh meats and milk products derived from infected animals. According to the period in which the infection starts, the pregnancy outcome can be abortion or pre-term or at term delivery. The infection can pass from mother to fetus and can cause a serious neonatal sepsis. Listeriosis in pregnant women can be asymptomatic or may present as an influenza-like syndrome. This case report, along with other published cases, demonstrates how hard is to make a correct diagnosis of listeriosis during pregnancy. Since this is mainly related to the aspecificity of symptoms, it is very important to have a high suspicion and to take a careful patient history.
 ...
PMID:[A case of maternal and neonatal infection due to Listeria monocytogenes]. 986 93

Listeriosis is an uncommon infection that has a unique predilection for pregnant women and may result in pregnancy loss. Contaminated food is the usual source of infection, and increased federal surveillance of foodstuffs is the most effective strategy for prevention of disease. Although dramatic epidemics have received the most publicity, more cases of perinatal listeriosis are isolated. If Listeria chorioamnionitis is diagnosed preterm, in contrast to other types of chorioamnionitis, in utero therapy with high-dose penicillin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is possible, and preterm delivery may be avoided. The clinical characteristics of neonatal listeriosis are similar to neonatal Group B Streptococcus sepsis, with early and late onset forms of disease. The epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of Listeria infection in pregnancy are reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Listeriosis during pregnancy. 987 Feb 35

In February 1999, an outbreak of listeriosis caused by Listeria monocytogenes serotype 3a occurred in Finland. All isolates were identical. The outbreak strain was first isolated in 1997 in dairy butter. This dairy began delivery to a tertiary care hospital (TCH) in June 1998. From June 1998 to April 1999, 25 case patients were identified (20 with sepsis, 4 with meningitis, and 1 with abscess; 6 patients died). Patients with the outbreak strain were more likely to have been admitted to the TCH than were patients with other strains of L. monocytogenes (60% vs. 8%; odds ratio, 17.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-136.8). Case patients admitted to the TCH had been hospitalized longer before cultures tested positive than had matched controls (median, 31 vs. 10 days; P=.008). An investigation found the outbreak strain in packaged butter served at the TCH and at the source dairy. Recall of the product ended the outbreak.
 ...
PMID:An outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 3a infections from butter in Finland. 1082 97

Listeria monocytogenes causes sepsis and meningitis in immunocompromised hosts and a devastating maternal/fetal infection in pregnant women. In recent years a more benign gastroenteritis in normal hosts has been described. Listeria has been increasingly identified as a food-borne pathogen, and large-scale contamination of processed foods with resulting outbreaks has occurred in recent years, possibly as a result of consolidation of the food industry. Experimental listeriosis in mice has proven to be an extraordinarily useful model for analyzing cell-mediated immune host defenses. Contrary to original concepts, we found that neutrophils, not macrophages, are the prime effectors during early infection. CD8+ T cells are then responsible for lysing infected hepatocytes through perforin-related (early primary and secondary infection) or Fas-L/Fas mechanism (late primary). Of interest, non-classical MHC class Ib restricted recognition mechanisms exist early, whereas MHC class Ia mechanisms can be detected throughout infection.
 ...
PMID:An updated model of cell-mediated immunity--listeriosis: clinical and research aspects. 1095 86

Human listeriosis is a relatively rare but serious disease with case fatality rates between 20 and 30%. The majority of patients who have listeriosis present with meningitis or septicaemia. Listeriosis during pregnancy can lead to a congenital infection, neonatal sepsis and meningitis or foetal death. The main mode of transmission is through contaminated foods. The infection usually occurs sporadically but small outbreaks and even large epidemics have occurred in a large number of industrialised countries. During the last 10 years several Listeria monocytogenes control measures have been introduced and implemented at the retail level and in production for plants or foods potentially contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. During this period the incidence of listeriosis decreased substantially and is at present estimated at 300-400 cases annually.
 ...
PMID:[Epidemiology of human Listeria infections in France]. 1098 36

Listeria monocytogenes emerged as an important foodborne pathogen in the latter part of the 20th century. Clinical syndromes caused by this microorganism include sepsis in the immunocompromised patient, meningoencephalitis in infants and adults, and febrile gastroenteritis. Focal infections at other sites are less frequent. Listeria species are commonly found in raw and unprocessed food products. Major outbreaks of listeriosis, with high morbidity and mortality, have been caused by a variety of foods, including soft cheeses, delicatessen meats, and vegetable products. Improved detection methods, dietary recommendations, and, in some cases, preemptive antibiotic treatment or prophylaxis have reduced the incidence of sporadic listeriosis infections in the United States. Microbial virulence factors distinguishing environmental strains of L. monocytogenes from invasive strains causing foodborne illness and host factors promoting human infection remain incompletely understood.
 ...
PMID:Foodborne listeriosis. 1131 60


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>