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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Newborn infants with "early-onset" disease due to group B beta hemolytic streptococcus were studied over a 40-month period. Clinical presentations included asymptomatic bacteremia, mild transient illness, respiratory distress, meningitis, and overwhelming sepsis. Chronologically, 18 were ill at birth; 10 became ill after a symptom-free period; and four were asymptomatic. Sixty-six percent of the cases weighted less than 2500 grams, and 56% were born to mothers whose amniotic membranes were ruptured for over 20 hours. All 15 of the deaths occurred in low birth weight infants who were criticially ill from birth. A review of 128 consecutive deliveries of infants weighing under 2000 grams revealed 28 cases with prolonged ruptured membranes, and three of these 28 infants developed group B streptococcal infection. The infant of the colonized gravid woman in premature labor or with prolonged ruptured membranes is clearly at risk, and these results suggest that the management of "early-onset" disease should begin prior to delivery.
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PMID:Risk factors in early-onset neonatal group b streptococcal infections. 34 7

Thirty-one consecutive pregnant women with intrauterine contraceptive devices in situ were studied. The devices consisted of the coil, loop, or bow. The pregnancies showed a high incidence of abortion, ectopic pregnancy, premature labor, premature rupture of the membranes, sepsis, and hemorrhage. Associated with these maternal complications was a high incidnece of fetal wastage. A recommendation is made for early interruption of the pregnancy.
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PMID:Complications of pregnancy with an intrauterine contraceptive device in situ. 111 56

A case of fulminant neonatal Haemophilus influenzae sepsis is presented. A 29-year-old woman presented at 34 weeks gestation with premature labor but with intact membranes. The male infant died 8 h after delivery due to respiratory insufficiency. Ante-mortem blood cultures and post-mortem blood and lung cultures yielded H. influenzae (biotype II) which could not be serotyped. H. influenzae was cultured from the mother's cervix 5 days after delivery. This strain was of the same biotype and also nonserotypable. Serum obtained from the mother exhibited reduced bactericidal activity against the isolates. We suggest the use of selective media in routine cervix cultures from pregnant women to detect H. influenzae, which might be responsible for neonatal septicemia.
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PMID:Fulminant neonatal sepsis due to Haemophilus influenzae. 176 62

An analysis of all early onset neonatal Group B streptococcal (GBS) infections at the Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne was made for the 10-year period 1979-1988. There were 104 cases with 29 neonatal deaths (28%). One or more predisposing perinatal risk factors was evident in 82% of cases (premature labour 79%, prolonged membrane rupture (greater than 12 hours) 57%, premature rupture of the membranes 69%, maternal sepsis 29%). Overall, 88% of GBS infections were evident within 24 hours of birth, suggesting an intrapartum pathogenesis for infection.
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PMID:Early onset neonatal group B streptococcus (GBS) infection: associated obstetric risk factors. 193 30

Thermal injury sustained during pregnancy presents special management problems for the gravid woman and her unborn child. Because of the reported high morbidity and mortality and lack of available data in South Africa, a multicentre retrospective review was undertaken by five burn centres. Thirty-three patients (average age 25,7 years) with mean 30% (range 1-80%) total body surface area burn were assessed. A review of the clinical material led to the following observations and conclusions. Pregnancy does not influence maternal outcome after thermal injury and maternal survival is usually accompanied by fetal survival in the absence of significant maternal complications. Maternal survival is less likely if the burn wound exceeds 50% total body surface area. Thermal injury does increase the risk of spontaneous abortion and premature labour, and fetal survival depends on fetal maturity. Early obstetric intervention is only indicated in the gravely ill patient where complications (hypoxia, hypotension, sepsis) jeopardize the life of a viable fetus. The mode of delivery should be determined by obstetric considerations.
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PMID:Thermal injury in pregnancy--the neglected tragedy. 218 2

Listeria monocytogenes, an uncommon perinatal infection in human, has been reported to be correlated with abortion, premature labor, intrauterine fetal sepsis, intrauterine fetal death and neonatal infections. Reported here was the first case of perinatal listeriosis complicated with Listeria monocytogenes chorioamnionitis at 33 weeks' gestation in Taiwan. The transabdominal amniocentesis in this particular case confirmed the diagnosis. An live premature male fetus was delivered by emergency cesarean section on the next day of hospitalization due to acute fetal distress. The acute ill baby developed signs of meningitis on the following day. Blood culture of Listeriosis monocytogenes indicated early onset neonatal listeriosis. Brain sonography showed hydrocephalus after a one-month period antibiotic treatment, he was lost to follow-up one month later. A review of the literature is presented to describe the clinical, epidemiological and pathological findings and to highlight their variable presentations and procedures for management. Thus it is of great importance for obstetricians to include listeriosis as a differential diagnosis in cases of fever of unknown origin during pregnancy. Promptly obtaining proper cultures and instituting appropriate antibiotics therapy is emphasized.
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PMID:[Perinatal listeriosis--a case report]. 222 8

Campylobacter infections occurring during pregnancy have been associated with spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, prematurity and neonatal sepsis, all ten Campylobacter jejuni infections diagnosed in the approximately 24,000 pregnant women attending a 520-bed hospital between January 1984 and December 1988 were reviewed. Nine women delivered healthy babies at term. In one case, Campylobacter infection at 28 weeks of gestation was associated with premature labour and delivery with subsequent neonatal sepsis and death. One other infant developed Campylobacter jejuni enterocolitis at 3 days of age. Although maternal Campylobacter jejuni infection tends to be mild and self-limited, there may be more serious complications for the fetus or neonate, especially if infection occurs before the third trimester of pregnancy.
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PMID:Campylobacter jejuni infection occurring during pregnancy. 231 19

Listeriosis, caused by Listeria monocytogenes, appears to be increasing in incidence worldwide. The disease is of great concern to the food industry. A recent outbreak in California was linked to the consumption of Mexican-style soft cheese and involved more than 300 cases, 30% of which were fatal. L. monocytogenes can be found in a variety of dairy products, leafy vegetables, fish and meat products. It can grow in refrigerated foods and is more heat resistant than most vegetative microbes. The epidemiologic features of listeriosis are poorly understood, and the minimum infectious dose is unknown. Those predisposed to listeriosis include immunocompromised people and pregnant women and their fetuses. Meningitis, spontaneous abortion and septicemia are the primary manifestations of the disease. Early recognition is critical for successful treatment, and ampicillin is the preferred drug. Listeriosis should be considered in any febrile patient with neurologic symptoms of unknown origin, as well as in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriages, premature labour or fetal death. A food source should be the prime suspect if any isolated case or outbreak occurs.
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PMID:Listeria monocytogenes: a foodborne pathogen. 312 48

Fetal loss or neonatal sepsis associated with campylobacter infection during pregnancy is infrequently recognized. As reported herein, one case of premature labor and neonatal sepsis due to Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus was treated successfully with ampicillin and gentamicin. Only 19 similar cases have been cited in the literature. A review of these 19 cases reveals that the Campylobacter species involved were probably C. fetus subspecies fetus in nine instances, Campylobacter jejuni in nine, and Campylobacter coli in one. There were no significant species-related differences in clinical presentation or outcome. Eighteen of 20 pregnancies (including tht described herein) ended prematurely at 13-32 weeks of gestation. All of the mothers survived, but fetal/neonatal mortality was 80%. The pathogenesis of campylobacter infection in this situation probably involves maternal bacteremia originating from the bowel, with subsequent feto-placental involvement. Early recognition and treatment may improve fetal/neonatal outcome.
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PMID:Abortion and perinatal sepsis associated with campylobacter infection. 352 97

Characteristic features of expert evaluation of temporary disability during pregnancy and after abortion and labor adopted in the USSR are outlined. At the earliest stages of pregnancy, women should be assigned to the work not associated with potential exposure to hazardous factors. Women with pregnancy complications should undergo comprehensive examination, preferably in a hospital setting: average length of stay is 20 days for threatened abortion, 21 days for premature labor (28-37-week pregnancy), 16 days for hypertension, 14 days for vomiting or nephropathy, 17 days for anemia, and 14 days for Rhesus-incompatibility. After abortion on demand or abortion for medical indications, a woman should be given a sick leave. The length of sick leave depends upon the pregnancy term (56 days for pregnancy longer than 28 weeks). Women with normal pregnancy and labor can receive a leave for 112 calendar days (56 days during the prelabor period and 56 days for the postpartum period). In the case of labor complications or multiple pregnancy, duration of the postpartum leave should be increased to 70 days. Indications for a 70-day postpartum leave include preeclampsia or eclampsia; cesarean section or vacuum-extraction; profuse hemorrhage during labor requiring blood transfusions; tears of the cervix uteri; postpartum endometritis, thrombophlebitis, septicemia, and suppurative mastitis; history of heart valve disease or congenital heart defects; and premature labor.
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PMID:[Expert evaluation of temporary disability with regard to pregnancy, abortion and labor]. 368 64


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