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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The radiographic changes of hyaline membrane disease were seen in seven of eight infants with group B beta-hemolytic streptococcal sepsis. Hyaline membranes were found throughout the lungs of all six infants who were examined after death. The most striking finding was the presence of group B streptococci within the membranes of five infants. Streptococci were so numerous in one instance that they comprised the bulk of the membrane. Another infant uas thought to have classical hyaline membrane disease until numerous group B streptococci were found within the membranes when lung sections were examined with special stains. No other organisms were identified within the membranes of any infant. These findings suggest that infection with group B streptococcus may cause a syndrome clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from hyaline membrane disease.
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PMID:Pulmonary changes in neonatal sepsis to group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus: relation of hyaline membrane disease. 5 96

Pneumonia is one of the most serious infections in the neonate and is responsible for a large percentage of neonatal mortality. Pneumonia in a premature or term infant who is debilitated by an underlying problem such as hyaline membrane disease carries an extremely high morbidity and mortality. Since most of the bacterial pneumonias are treatable, early recognition and diagnosis and vigorous treatment are essential. X-ray findings, though helpful, serve only as a guideline. Prognosis is adversely affected if pneumonia results in generalized sepsis, leading to meningitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and osteomyelitis. Prompt antibiotic treatment should be begun before the etiologic agent or drug susceptibility is known.
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PMID:Acute pneumonia in the newborn: changing picture. 32 96

Retrospective review of 457 breech deliveries failed to reveal a significant improvement in neonatal mortality and morbidity rates for those delivered by cesarean section vs. vaginal delivery. A slight but insignificant improvement in salvage was found for the 1,000 to 1,500 gram weight category when delivery was by cesarean section. Most of the deaths in the less than 1,500 gram breech presentation were associated with hyaline membrane disease or congenital defects incompatible with life and sepsis rather than directly related to the manner of breech delivery.
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PMID:Modern management of the breech delivery. 46 50

The clinical course and follow-up of 14 neonates who developed acute renal failure are reported. Renal failure in these patients was secondary to major perinatal disorders, e.g., hyaline membrane disease, pneumonia, hemorrhage, or sepsis. Thirteen patients had hypoxia and nine were in shock when renal failure developed. Five patients died during the acute stage of renal failure. Of nine survivors, five patients sustained residual renal damage.
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PMID:Acute renal failure in newborn infants. 66 Mar 74

We have reviewed 53 cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in the newborn, including 29 cases that were confirmed at autopsy. Factors predisposing to DIC included maternal complications (60%), low Apgar scores (30%), hyaline membrane disease (62%), and sepsis (26%). Diagnostic criteria common to autopsy-proved cases included presence of fibrin degradation products, low factor V activity, a prolonged prothrombin time, and a prolonged partial thromboplastin time and/or thrombocytopenia. There appeared to be no difference in coagulation response or in mortality among patients treated with different therapeutic regimens. Survivors were older gestationally, had higher birth weights, and higher Apgar scores.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation in the newborn. 76 May 11

Analysis of the radiographs of 9 infants who died of proved Group B streptococcal sepsis revealed a typical pattern of hyaline membrane disease despite birth weights of over 2,000 g in most cases. Pleural effusions subsequently developed in 6 infants; the rest had pleural fluid at postmortem examination. This is an unusual finding for either hyaline membrane disease or non-group B streptococcal sepsis in the neonate, and may have implications for the early diagnosis and treatment of this usually lethal infection.
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PMID:Radiological findings in group B streptococcal Sepsis. 76 59

It has been argued that fetal and placental infections decrease the incidence of hyaline membrane disease (HMD). However, others contend that this is not so. We performed a rigidly controlled clinicopathologic investigation of one group of infants with evidence of severe antenatal infection compared with another group free of infection. This study shows that placental infection correlated positively with neonatal sepsis and that in this series of patients neither infection nor prolonged rupture of membranes is associated with a decrease of HMD. Our data do not support the proposal that antenatal infections protect the neonate against later development of HMD.
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PMID:Antenatal infection: adequate protection against hyaline membrane disease? 110 8

A total of 209 consecutive neonate and infant autopsies were reviewed with special attention to papillary muscle necrosis (PMN) of the heart. Associated major pathological findings were analysed for the evaluation of significant pathological accompaniments of PMN. PMN was found in 52 cases among 171(30.4%) neonates and major pathological accompaniments were bronchopneumonia, hyaline membrane disease, hypoxic neuronal change, sepsis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and acute tubular necrosis, among which hypoxic neuronal change and ATN had a statistically significant higher incidence when compared with the control group. (p < 0.005). PMN was found in 13 cases among 38(34.2%) infants and accompaniments were congenital heart disease, sepsis, bronchopneumonia, DIC and hypoxic neuronal change, all of which showed no difference from the control group in incidence. The results imply that PMN is a kind of organ damage in stressed subjects regardless of age, that it is not a special form of myocardial injury in any specific age group including the newborn period, and is possibly of different pathogenesis and significance.
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PMID:Papillary muscle necrosis in neonates and infants--analysis of 209 autopsies. 129 38

Umbilical cord blood gas values and morbidity and mortality were correlated in 191 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (500-1500 g). The mean umbilical arterial pH and base excess differed significantly between survivors and non-survivors. The presence of at least moderate acidosis (arterial pH 7.15 or lower) was related significantly to mortality, particularly in infants younger than 26 weeks. The mean cord blood gas values did not predict the presence or severity of hyaline membrane disease or intraventricular hemorrhage, but Apgar scores did. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, neurologic sequelae, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis also did not correlate with mean cord gas values, but neither did Apgar scores. Furthermore, the severity and type of acidosis did not relate to morbidity. Combining cord blood gases and Apgar scores did not help predict morbidity, which was not surprising because cord pH values correlated poorly with Apgar scores (all r values less than or equal to 0.26). We urge caution in interpreting cord gases as predictors of morbidity in the VLBW infant.
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PMID:Umbilical cord blood gases and mortality and morbidity in the very low birth weight infant. 192 94

The neonatal morbidity was studied in 7015 neonates born at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, New Delhi. The incidence of low birth weight babies was 26.7 per cent; one seventh (13.5%) of the series were preterm (less than 37 wk), while 6.6 per cent were 'small-for-dates'. Birth asphyxia of varying severity developed in 5.9 per cent infants. Respiratory distress syndrome was diagnosed in 5.7 per 100 live-births; most being due to hyaline membrane disease (33.5%), which affected 14.1 per cent of preterm babies. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia occurred in 5.9 per cent, most of whom were premature. In nearly one-fifth, the cause of jaundice could not be identified after detailed investigations. Minor bacterial infections (conjunctivitis, pyoderma, oral thrush, umbilical sepsis) were observed in 1.8 per cent while major infections (septicemia, meningitis, diarrhoea) in 3.0 per cent. The overall incidence of major malformations was 2.3 per cent. Reasons for low incidence of bacterial infections and common occurrence of hyaline membrane disease in premature infants, are highlighted.
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PMID:A four year study on neonatal morbidity in a New Delhi hospital. 193


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