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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systematic microbiological research and correlation of the histopathological findings obtained from random autopsies revealed 23 hitherto undetected clostridial infections including 11 cases of gas gangrene, 4 of septicemia, 3 of bacteremia, and 5 other clostridial infections. The knowledge gained from this study led to clinical diagnosis of several cases of gas gangrene which were confirmed bacteriologically and histologically. Of 8 hospital patients who were thus diagnosed in this surgical clinic, 7 recovered, including a case of gas gangrene of the abdominal wall. The problem in gas gangrene is timely clinical diagnosis. Little is known about gas edema illnesses which are not traumatically conditioned. Recognition of the local and general symptoms (local, violent, yet inappropriate pain in the wound, "unexplained" postoperative secondary bleeding, appearance of tachycardia wholly unrelated to the patient's temperature, sudden shock, rapid deterioration of patient's general condition, jaundice and rise in CPK) makes it possible to diagnose postoperative gas edema in time. 77 infections with isolation of clostridia, seen in 76 patients, are reported. On the basis of clinical and histopathological criteria they have been classified as follows: 22 cases with gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis), 16 cases with anaerobic cellulitis, 20 wound infections, 8 cases of septicemia, 5 of bacteriemia, 1 of tetanus, and 5 other clostridial infections.
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PMID:[Clostridium infections with and without manifest gas gangrene. Report on 77 infections in 76 patients]. 91 81

A case of Clostridium perfringens sepsis and gas gangrene complicating chemotherapy for gestational choriocarcinoma is reported. The infection was eradicated using antibiotics, surgery, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this unusual but often lethal complication are reviewed.
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PMID:Clostridium perfringens infection complicating chemotherapy for choriocarcinoma. 94 77

Anaerobic bacteria are being recognized with increasing frequency as important micro-organisms in surgical infections. Clostridium, Bacteriodes, Fusobacterium, and Peptostreptococcus are the clinically prominent pathological anaerobes. All are commensals and, consequently, most anaerobic infections are endogenous in origin. In the colon, anaerobes are 1,000 times more prevalent than aerobes. This has important implications regarding the management of gastrointestinal tract operations and the treatment of infections originating from the bowel. Typical anaerobic infections include gas gangrene, brain abscess, oral infections, putrid lung abscesses, intra-abdominal abscesses, and wound infections following gynecologic and bowel surgery, perirectal abscesses, postabortal infections, and septic thrombophlebitis. Infections with anaerobic organisms must be suspected when there is feculent odor and/or gas production following gynecologic or bowel surgery, when there are organisms on gram staining but no growth on aerobic cultures, or when septicemia is associated with repeatedly negative blood cultures. Debridement and drainage constitute the main stay of treatment. All anaerobes are sensitive to chloramphenicol and clindamycin and all but Bacteroides fragils are sensitive to penicillin. Identification of anaerobes requires proper specimen sampling, immediate culturing on prereduced media, and careful gram staining of clinical material. The frequency of anaerobic organisms in surgical infections generally is not recognized by many surgeons; their importance needs to be stressed in the future.
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PMID:Anaerobic infections in surgery: clinical review. 125 97

Early hepatic artery thrombosis after orthotopic liver transplantation results in massive injury to hepatocytes and the bile duct epithelium. In the fulminate form, impaired liver synthetic function is expressed by encephalopathy and coagulopathy. Ischemic bile duct injury is associated with the disruption of the biliary anastomosis, bile duct strictures, and intrahepatic bilomas. The inability of the liver macrophages to clear translocated portal blood intestinal pathogens results in persistent bacteremia and sepsis. The major radiologic finding is the radiographic evidence of gas gangrene of the liver graft. Early recognition and correct interpretation of the radiologic findings, immediate removal of the liver graft, and placement of the patient on venous-venous bypass or total hepatic devascularization while a new liver is being procured and retransplantation are the only hope for survival.
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PMID:Hepatic artery thrombosis resulting in gas gangrene of the transplanted liver. 155 92

Between April and September 1991, 415 injured patients were treated at the University Hospital Rebro, Zagreb, 362 at the Department of Surgery and 53 at the Department of Neurosurgery. Infections developed in 15.7% of the injured patients (wound infections in 14.6% and sepsis or meningitis in 1.1% of the injured patients). 88.2% of wound infections as well as all sepsis and meningitis were hospital-acquired infections, while 7.95 of wound infections occurred within 48 h of injuring. The major pathogens, in 90% of cases, were the aerobic bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter species) while 9% of infections were caused by mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora. One injured patient developed clinical features of gas gangrene. Neither streptococcal wound infections nor tetanus were present in this group of the injured patients.
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PMID:[Infections in war injuries]. 176 86

Gas gangrene is a rare infection of grave consequences. It is caused by obligatory anaerobic bacteria. Its appearance in urology is extremely rare. The infection can be acquired either from the outside or from enteral invasion of saprophytes, which are common in body cavities. Very often resistance-weak patients are attacked. In acute cases with typical signs of sepsis in addition to local signs of infection, a fatal outcome cannot be prevented in all cases despite adequate early therapy. Search for bacteria is mostly in vain. The 3 cases demonstrate that absolute asepsis and hygienic rules in simple manipulations (e.g. catheterizing as well as in major urologic operations are absolutely necessary. Traumatic lesions must be reduced to a minimum. Therapy must be started immediately.
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PMID:[Gas gangrene in urologic diseases. An example based on 3 case reports]. 243 31

Clostridium perfringens is commonly present in the female genital tract. Uterine infection with this organism is a potentially fatal disease infrequently seen in obstetric practice. The manifestations of C. perfringens uterine infection are variable, ranging from endometritis to gas gangrene with fulminant septicemia. The usual precipitating event has been septic abortion, but such infections can also occur spontaneously in uterine tumors and after complicated deliveries requiring mechanical intervention. Diagnosis may be aided by radiologic techniques, and treatment involves high-dose penicillin and possibly surgery. We report two cases and review the clinical presentation and the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this disease.
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PMID:Postpartum uterine infection with Clostridium perfringens. 254 43

Clostridium septicum bacteremia and its association with hematologic malignancy and colorectal cancer have been well recognized. Panwalker, in a recent review, discussed clostridial sepsis and other unusual infections associated with colorectal tumors, including streptococcal bovis and Bacteroides. He reports the coexistence of colorectal cancer and metastatic Clostridium septicum infections at multiple sites. We describe a case in which a patient with an occult cecal carcinoma develops Clostridium septicum sepsis and thoracic aortitis secondary to metastatic gas gangrene. This dramatic and unusual complication has not previously been documented. The necessity of colonic evaluation with Clostridium septicum bacteremia is discussed.
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PMID:Aortitis due to metastatic gas gangrene. 261 68

Necrotizing gas-forming infections in cancer patients present some unique characteristics, such as nontraumatic, spontaneous clostridial gangrene and gangrene involving an ischemic tumor mass. These infections can be rapidly progressive and uniformly fatal without surgical debridement. We review ten cases of gas gangrene seen during an 18-year period. Four were caused by Clostridium species and six by other organisms. Neutropenia was present in seven patients. During the last nine years, Clostridium septicemia occurred in 54 patients; in only two of those patients did gas gangrene ensue.
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PMID:Necrotizing gas-forming infections in cancer patients. 274 56

Unusual infections associated with colorectal tumors may, in some instances, be the sole clue to the presence of a malignancy. The infections are either related to invasion of tissues or organs in close proximity to the tumor or secondary to distant seeding by transient bacteremia arising from necrotic tumors. Seven patients seen at one hospital over a 5-year period illustrate the clinical presentations of such infections. The infections identified in these seven patients include endocarditis, meningitis, nontraumatic gas gangrene, empyema, hepatic abscesses, retroperitoneal abscess, clostridial sepsis, and colovesical fistulae with urosepsis. A computer-assisted search of the English-language literature and cross-checks from other review articles identified other infections associated with colon cancer, which include nontraumatic crepitant cellulitis, suppurative thyroiditis, pericarditis, appendicitis, pulmonary microabscesses, septic arthritis, and fever of unknown origin. The clinical importance of these infections and their correlation with colorectal malignancies are reviewed.
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PMID:Unusual infections associated with colorectal cancer. 328 64


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