Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The significant arterial complications of renal transplantation are hemorrhage, infarction, stenosis and aneurysm formation. Hemorrhage is often associated with sepsis and may be lifethreatening. Large infarcts may be secondary to multiple small vessels or intraoperative hypotension with inadequate perfusion of the organ. Nephrectomy is invariably indicated in these situations. Renal artery stenosis with resultant hypertension may occur secondary to stenosis at the anastomosis, atherosclerotic plaque formation or intimal fibrosis of the renal artery. Operative reconstruction if the anastomotic site may relieve hypertension is selected patients but places the transplanted kidney greatly at risk. Aneurysm formation is often mycotic and is associated with multiple operations and wound sepsis. The iliac artery may be ligated without loss of limb, while the resultant claudication may be relieved by a surgical bypass procedure.
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PMID:A twenty year survey of arterial complications of renal transplantation. 110 38

An antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the detection of the viral nucleocapsid (anti-N system) was developed for the diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic septicemia. Four monoclonal antibodies directed against the viral nucleocapsid were produced; they all recognized the four viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) serotypes. Three of these monoclonal antibodies were used in a new antigen capture ELISA. The efficiency of the anti-N system in detecting purified and crude viruses as well as the virus in infected-organ extracts and infected blood was compared with that of a recently described antigen capture ELISA based on the detection of viral envelope glycoprotein Gp (anti-G system). For the detection of purified virus, the anti-N system was found to be as sensitive as the anti-G system (detection limit, 1 ng of total viral protein per ml), but the anti-N system was much more sensitive than the anti-G system for the detection of crude VHSV I (detection limits, 1 x 10(4) PFU/ml versus 5 x 10(5) PFU/ml). In organ extracts, VHSV I could be detected by both systems 3 days postinfection. The signal for the assay of VHSV I in blood 24 h postinfection was higher with the anti-N system than the anti-G system. Furthermore, VHSV I could be detected in 80% of the brain samples of surviving trout by the anti-N system and also by the anti-G system, but with a lower signal. In conclusion, we have developed a highly sensitive immunoassay for VHSV I that is more rapid and easier to perform than the currently used plaque assay.
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PMID:Highly sensitive immunoassay for direct diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic septicemia which uses antinucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies. 140 Sep 99

We present two cases of ruptured mycotic aneurysms infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Each patient had hemoptysis and in each case there was hemothorax caused by a ruptured mycotic aneurysm of the celiac artery. In case 1, the pathogenesis was transient Staphylococcus aureus septicemia infecting an atherosclerotic plaque with subsequent aneurysm formation and rupture. In case 2, the septicemia arose from an infected knee. The presentation of a celiac artery aneurysm as hemoptysis and as the cause of hemothorax is rare.
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PMID:Fatal hemothorax from mycotic celiac artery aneurysm. 147 30

Chlorhexidine's structural characteristics give it potent antimicrobial activity, effectiveness at low concentrations, substantivity that prolongs its therapeutic effect in the oral environment, minimal resorption from the gastrointestinal tract, and the ability to reduce plaque. The use of this agent for oral stomatitis in neoplasia patients has recently been studied. Treatment-associated oral soft tissue inflammation and ulceration were significantly reduced by chlorhexidine in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy. Reductions in total streptococci and yeast counts were also observed. When used in conjunction with systemic antifungal agents, such as nystatin or clotrimazole, a significantly decreased incidence of clinical oral candidiasis and Candida septicemia was observed. In contrast, in two studies in which high-dose head and neck radiation therapy was applied, there was no reduction in stomatitis. Oral gram-negative bacilli have been shown to increase in high-dose chemotherapy patients who are taking chlorhexidine during the treatment period (3 wk to 2 mo). However, no increase in systemic gram-negative infections or other adverse negative medical consequences were observed. This agent appears to be of therapeutic benefit in reduction of dental plaque, gingivitis, and stomatitis in the high-risk chemotherapy population when used in conjunction with other topical and systemic antimicrobial agents as prophylaxis. Although no toxic or serious adverse effects of chlorhexidine rinse have been observed in the short-term studies to date, the effects of longer-term chlorhexidine administration should be evaluated.
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PMID:Oral antimicrobial agents--chlorhexidine. 218 58

The ability of fresh isolates of B. gingivalis to establish abscesses in the mouse model was studied by comparing them with established laboratory strains of B. gingivalis. Eight fresh isolates obtained from plaque associated with periodontal disease and grown under similar conditions as established strains were injected subcutaneously on the back of the mouse. All of these strains produced secondary lesions on the abdomen. Septicemia was associated with seven of the strains. Two commonly used laboratory strains, W50 and W83, also produced secondary lesions and septicemia. Five other laboratory strains produced only localized abscesses. On histologic examination, the strains that produced disseminated disease showed invasion of connective disease by individual bacteria that were not in clumps. The strains that produced localized abscesses were characterized by growing in colonies or clumps in the abscess cavity. Four synthetic enzyme substrates were examined to determine whether the differences between invasive and non-invasive strains were due to differences in proteolytic enzyme production. No differences in enzyme production could be demonstrated with the selected substrates.
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PMID:Heterogeneity of virulence among strains of Bacteroides gingivalis. 252 18

A 60 year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of gait disturbance and dizziness. At 57 years of age, he noticed his walking unstable. After then, he had dizziness due to orthostatic hypotension, urinary difficulty, loss of livid, and forgetfulness. Neurological examination revealed he had severe orthostatic hypotension, cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, hyperreflexia of four limbs, myoclonus of right leg, and atonic bladder. His brain CT showed cerebellar atrophy. Thereafter he had recurrent syncopic attacks. His gait disturbance progressed steadily, so he became bedridden. In his terminal stage, his limbs showed rigidity. About 3 years later he died of pneumonia and sepsis. At autopsy brain weighted 1,230 g. Glossly the putamens was bilaterally shrunken, the color of the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus became pale. Base of the pons and the cerebellum were atrophic. Microscopical examination confirmed the degeneration of striato-nigral and olivo-ponto-cerebellar systems without Lewy body. In the spinal cord there was depletion of neuronal cells in the intermediolateral nuclei and Onufrowitz nuclei. In addition to the conventional neuropathological staining methods, we performed the immunohistochemical studies using monoclonal antibody against synthetic peptide of beta protein which detected senile plaque of every stages with formic acid pretreatment, and compared to the modified Bielschowsky method and Congo red method. Our case showed many very primitive and primitive senile plaque in neocortices and hippocampal region. A few neurofibrally tangle were seen in hippocampus. We supposed our case might combine multiple system atrophy and Alzheimer' pathology.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of multiple system atrophy with many senile plaques]. 262 28

We present three cases of infection of the native aorta following angiography. The infection was an incidental finding at operation in two patients, while a third presented with fulminant sepsis. All had debridement of the retroperitoneum and underwent successful extraanatomic bypass. We feel caution is warranted in placing a retroperitoneal graft even in suspected aortic sepsis. Prophylactic antibiotics may be advisable to protect against infection of atherosclerotic plaque during angiography.
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PMID:Angiographically-induced infection of the aorta. 290 73

A case of acute bilateral ureteral obstruction due to severe candidal cystitis is described. The obstruction was due to inflammation and fungal plaque formation in the bladder, rather than the usual intraureteral fungus balls. Percutaneous nephrostomies were required bilaterally for resolution of sepsis and renal failure. The case and its management are presented.
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PMID:Acute ureteral obstruction from candidal cystitis requiring bilateral percutaneous nephrostomies. 318 12

We evaluated the microbiologic nature of aneurysm contents. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were taken from non-blood fluid, laminar thrombus, or ulcerated plaque within aortic aneurysms operated on during an eight-year period. Positive bacterial cultures were obtained from 22 (10.4%) of 211 aneurysms. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common organism recovered (12/22, 54%). Bacterial colonization of the arterial wall has a possible role in the pathophysiology of prosthetic graft sepsis. These data are valuable not only in choosing appropriate prophylactic antibiotics for aneurysm repair, but also in experimental efforts to develop an infection-resistant vascular graft by directing the antimicrobial characteristics of agents selected for binding to various prosthetic flow surfaces.
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PMID:Culture of abdominal aortic aneurysm contents. An additional series. 349 66

Several clinical and laboratory studies have demonstrated the risk of sepsis in connection with encapsulated bacteria. The importance of clearing these organisms by the spleen is now well accepted. In contrast, the present work deals with the clearance of non-encapsulated gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The animals used for the experiments (a heterogeneous population of rabbits) were divided into a control group, a splenectomized group, and an autotransplanted group. The histological examination of the splenic transplants revealed typical splenic tissue including lymphatic follicles with germinal activity 42 days after transplantation. For estimation of the clearance capacity different amounts of bacteria were injected i.v. into the rabbits, and colony-forming bacterial cells in the blood were counted at certain intervals. In the control group no bacteria could be detected in the blood after 7 min. All animals of the splenectomized and autotransplanted groups showed a remarkable decrease in clearance efficiency (no bacteria in the blood after 19 min). No difference in the clearance kinetics could be shown between splenectomized and autotransplanted animals. Measuring the uptake of bacterial cells into different organs elicited low incorporation in the spleen as compared to non-immunocompetent organs, but no difference between normal spleen and splenic replants. However, saturation with E. coli cells reached higher limits in the normal spleen than in autotransplants. The immunologic capacity with respect to IgM-producing lymphocytes was measured by the hemolytic plaque assay. The results showed a severe malfunction of the autotransplants as compared to the normal spleen (only 2% of the activity of the control group). Vaccination against E. coli increased the clearance efficiency in all three groups. The data presented in this paper point out that several functions of the spleen cannot be carried out by autotransplants. The reasons, therefore, may be limited transplant mass and/or decreased specific functions.
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PMID:The role of the spleen and splenic autotransplants in clearing experimental bacteremia caused by the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. 352 83


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