Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) developed in 129 of 610 patients (21.2%) with Crohn's disease confined to the small bowel. The location of the abscess was intraperitoneal (IPA) in 109 (17.9%) and retroperitoneal (RPA) in 20 (3.3%). There was a marked preponderance of male patients in the retroperitoneal group (ratio, 18:2) (p less than 0.0001). All 129 patients were operated on. Thirteen of one hundred nine patients (12%) with IPA were reoperated on for recurrent abscess, and nine (8.2%) for other reasons. External fistula developed in 24 patients (22%) after simple incision and drainage. Four (3.7%) died; one from hepatitis, and three from sepsis 5, 14, and 90 days after surgery. Of the 20 patients with RPA, two (10%) were reoperated on for recurrent abscess and four (20%) for other reasons. External fistula developed in two patients (10%). There were no deaths in this group. A small number of patients with IAA complicating regional enteritis had persistent sepsis causing postoperative death, which is, however, six times lower than in our comparable series of Crohn's (ileo)colitis.
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PMID:Intra-abdominal abscess in regional enteritis. 198 35

Proctocolectomy with ileal pouch is indicated in patients with diseases of the colon limited to the mucosa. The ileum must not be involved. In order to maintain stool continence, anal sphincter and mucosa must be preserved; however, mucosa of the rectum can be resected. There are three types of pouches possible (S, J, W) with increasing capacity. The distal loop of the ileum must not be longer than 1-2 cm, otherwise the defecation may be inhibited. Between 1977 and 1987 205 patients have been treated by proctocolectomy, most of them for ulcerative colitis of familial polyposis. In 6% the operation was unsuccessful (unknown Crohn's disease, pelvic sepsis or stool incontinence), 27% of the patients suffered from complications when the pouch was constructed or the ileostoma was closed (obstruction, sepsis). The overall mortality was 1%. 2 of 174 patients were incontinent. In all other patients the frequency of defecation was 3-5 per day. Stool continence depends on the shape of the pouch: 75% of the patients with a J-pouch and 93% of the patients with a W-pouch were continent. The overall results were better in patients with familial polyposis than with ulcerative colitis. The latter developed pouchitis in 20%.
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PMID:Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal reservoir: indications and results. 215 58

A group of 212 patients operated upon for Crohn's disease were studied and the early postoperative complications with related problems were assessed. The morbidity was 28.3 per cent, 60 patients had at least one complication, mainly of septic nature. The mortality was 3.3 per cent (7 patients), sepsis and deep vein thrombosis with pulmonary embolism were the most common causes of death. Postoperative complications were significantly higher (39.7%) (p less than 0.001) in patients with a pre-operative nutritional deficit and in those who had urgent surgery (44.4%) (p less than 0.001). Among patients with pre-operative sepsis, the morbidity was also higher (34.6%), but was not significant. Peri-anastomotic complications (dehiscence, abscess, fistula, bleeding) were apparently more frequent (45.4%) in patients with histological residual Crohn's disease at macroscopically free resection margins although this contrasts with previous series. A proper pre-operative diagnostic approach, adequate peri-operative protein-caloric repletion, antibiotic therapy, prevention of thromboembolism and elective surgery, are still the primary tools in reducing the morbidity and mortality after surgery for Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Early complications after surgery for Crohn's disease. 221 4

Orofacial granulomatosis is a distinct clinical and pathological entity characterized by swelling of the lips and lower half of the face. Ulceration of the oral mucosa may also occur. Granulomas are seen histologically. Orofacial granulomatosis may occur in the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, granulomatous cheilitis of Miescher, oral Crohn's disease, sarcoidosis and focal dental sepsis. The increased prevalence of atopy in patients with orofacial granulomatosis and the association with food intolerance suggests the possibility of a role for allergy in at least some cases.
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PMID:Orofacial granulomatosis associated with delayed hypersensitivity to cobalt. 222 46

The role of surgical intervention in the treatment of patients with anorectal Crohn's disease is controversial. To clarify the success of aggressive drainage and the subsequent clinical course of patients with Crohn's disease and perirectal abscesses, the authors reviewed the records of 38 patients who presented with this condition during an eight-year period. Twenty-two male and 16 female patients (median age, 32 years; range, 17 to 61 years) with clinically or pathologically confirmed Crohn's disease of the bowel underwent operation for perirectal abscesses. Thirty-two percent of patients had no previous history of anorectal Crohn's disease. Thirty simple abscesses and 8 complex horseshoe abscesses were treated. At operation, 53 percent of patients underwent incision and drainage whereas 26 percent received loop indwelling drains and 21 percent had mushroom catheters placed. After resolution of the index abscess, recurrent abscesses occurred in 45 percent of the patients who underwent catheter drainage and 56 percent of the patients who underwent incision and drainage. More importantly, 44 percent of the incision and drainage group and only 31 percent of the catheter drainage group required subsequent proctectomy to control perineal sepsis. The healing time of the perineal wound was longer than six months in 83 percent of patients requiring rectal excision. We concluded that long-term catheter drainage may offer substantial benefit in the overall outcome of the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease and perirectal abscess.
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PMID:Perirectal abscess in Crohn's disease. Drainage and outcome. 222 80

Nine years experience of anorectal surgery for Crohn-related lesion have been analysed. The series regards only 14 cases with pathology including ragade, abscesses and anocutaneous and retrovaginal fistulas. Treatment was as conservative as possible except for cases in which fistulizations led to sepsis as a result of which some adjustments had to be made and proctectomies in incontinence.
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PMID:[Anorectal lesions in Crohn's disease. Our experience]. 225 Jul 80

The records of 51 patients diagnosed with enterovesical fistulas at Virginia Mason Medical Center from 1974 to 1988 were reviewed. Diverticulitis (41%), Crohn's disease (17%), and colorectal cancer (16%) were the major causes. In 50 of 51 patients, the diagnosis was made on the basis of the clinical history and the urine culture. Radiologic and endoscopic studies failed to identify the fistula in 20%, though all were confirmed at operation or autopsy. In four of eight patients with fistulas secondary to colorectal cancer, malignancy was not diagnosed preoperatively. Operation was performed in 84% of the patients. One-stage resection of the bowel was performed in 66% of patients with the intent of removing the fistula. The complication rate was 8% with no deaths. All multi-stage procedures were performed for fistulas complicated by abscess or bowel obstruction. There were two postoperative deaths in patients with metastatic cancer undergoing palliative diversion. All eight patients treated by diverting colostomy had persistent fistulas and urinary sepsis. All eight patients treated with antibiotics but without operation were free of complications of the fistula until death from other causes. Enterovesical fistula is a clinical diagnosis. Preoperative studies should be used to delineate the bowel disease and search for malignancy rather than to see the fistula, which is clinically apparent. One-stage resection of the involved bowel is the procedure of choice in the absence of abscess or bowel obstruction. When resection is not feasible, medical management with antibiotics is preferable to colostomy.
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PMID:Management of enterovesical fistulas. 233 17

In 1974 total colectomy and ileoanal straight endorectal pull-through (ERPT) were first used at our institution for the definitive management of total colonic Hirschsprung's disease in infants and children. Early success with this operation encouraged us to use this procedure in children and adults with ulcerative colitis and familial polyposis in 1977. Since 1974 we have performed total colectomy and straight ileoanal ERPT on 100 consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis (79), familial polyposis (19), and total colonic Hirschsprung's disease (10). Patients who have undergone a colectomy and ERPT but have not had their temporary ileostomy closed have been excluded from this report. This group of patients represents the only large series of straight ERPTs available for comparison with the various reservoir modifications that have been reported. All operations were performed under the direction of the author. The mean age at surgery was 20.6 +/- 9.8 years, with a range of 1 to 48 years. Forty-six patients were younger than 18 years at the time of operation. All patients with ulcerative colitis and familial polyposis underwent a temporary loop ileostomy with total abdominal colectomy with ERPT; the 10 infants and children with Hirschsprung's disease underwent the total colectomy and ERPT without a back-up ileostomy. There were two deaths in this series, one from fulminate hepatic failure in the late postoperative period and the other from multiple bowel fistulas and sepsis in a teenager with Crohn's disease, in whom the initial diagnosis was ulcerative colitis. Follow-up has ranged from 3 months to 15 years. There were 13 cases of adhesive bowel obstruction, seven of which required an enterolysis. Pelvic sepsis occurred in three patients, two of whom required operative drainage. Two women developed rectovaginal fistulas, which healed with temporary diversion. Minor wound infections occurred in five patients. There were no anastomotic leaks, nor were any cases of pouchitis encountered. In five patients permanent conversion to a Brooke ileostomy was required. Mean stool frequency 3 years after surgery was 7.7 per 24 hours. Daytime continence was achieved in all patients. Occasional nocturnal soiling occurred in 11.1% of patients at 1 year and was absent by 3 years. Neither age nor diagnosis (ulcerative colitis versus familial polyposis) affected stool frequency.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:A personal experience with 100 consecutive total colectomies and straight ileoanal endorectal pull-throughs for benign disease of the colon and rectum in children and adults. 239 80

During the past two decades, cholelithiasis has been recognized in increasing numbers of pediatric patients. This diagnosis should be considered in the event of upper abdominal complaints, particularly when one or more risk factors are evident. The etiology may be unknown or may be related to risk factors, including hemolytic conditions. In recent years, it has become evident that approximately 80% of gallstones in children are not due to hemolytic disease and that the remaining 20% are related to recurring hemolysis. The diagnosis of gallstones is best confirmed with ultrasonography. Routine ultrasonographic evaluation should be performed at intervals for all children who received TPA for more than 4 weeks, particularly those who have had ileal resection or have had chronic enteritis (Crohn disease). Cholecystectomy is the procedure of choice for symptomatic children with cholelithiasis, regardless of age. Cholecystectomy is recommended for the asymptomatic child younger than 3 years of age when echogenic shadows have been present for at least 12 months following resumption of oral feedings or when the gallstones are radiopaque. Also, cholecystectomy is advised for asymptomatic children who are older than 3 years of age if ultrasonographic studies confirm that echogenic foci with shadowing are true stones and not echogenic sludge. Complications of common bile duct obstruction, pancreatitis, perforation with bile peritonitis, and life-threatening sepsis may thus be prevented. Morbidity and mortality following cholecystectomy are expected to be relatively low in the pediatric age group.
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PMID:Cholelithiasis in infants, children, and adolescents. 240 28

Fifty-two patients with Crohn's disease have been assessed using acute phase proteins and a scoring system. Thirty-nine underwent operation and intra-abdominal abscesses were found in seventeen. Both scores and acute phase proteins have been shown to reflect inflammation due to secondary sepsis in addition to that from active Crohn's disease. The scores were higher, and acute phase changes greater, in patients with sepsis than those without. By choosing a threshold for each variable that excludes patients without sepsis it has been found that a score greater than 181, ESR greater than 45 mm/h, CRP greater than 33 mg/l, orosomucoid greater than 1.8 g/l and albumin less than 26.7 g/l identify sepsis with a specificity greater than 95 per cent and sensitivity greater than 35 per cent. Over 70 per cent of patients with abscesses exceeded one or more of these thresholds. We believe that operative management should be strongly considered if one or more of these criteria are positive as such patients have a greater than 90 per cent chance of having an intra-abdominal abscess. This will prevent these abscesses eroding into adjacent viscera or to the surface with resulting fistula formation.
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PMID:Comparison of clinical scores and acute phase proteins in the assessment of acute Crohn's disease. 241 53


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