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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The frequency of human infections caused by Campylobacter (C.) jejuni is thought to be at present as significant as that of the gastroenteric salmonelloses. The clinical symptoms are mostly like enteritis, enterocolitis, acute abdomen or ileitis terminalis. Post-infection reactions are possible not only as arthritis or septicemia but also as meningitis, conjunctivitis, carditis, pneumonia, cholecystitis, peritonitis, urinary tract infection and abortion. Only cultural examinations confirm the diagnosis of an infection with C. jejuni. If chemotherapy is required, erythromycin is the remedy of choice. Animals are an important reservoir for C. jejuni, but the epidemiology of human infections with this microorganism is not well understood.
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PMID:[Campylobacter jejuni--a "recent" pathogen worthy of study. Present knowledge on its clinical aspects, diagnosis, therapy and epidemiology]. 675 59

Three hundred thirty seven Haemophilus influenza isolates from infections in children were studied to determine the relationship between H. influenza, biotype III, and specimen source. Eighteen per cent (60) of the isolates were H. influenza biotype III. Of these, 70% were from the eye, 18% from the respiratory tract, 7% from the ear and 2% from blood. Although conjunctivitis was the most common clinical condition associated with H. influenza biotype III, three cases of systemic infection with this organism are presented: a 10-month-old female with pneumonia, a 17-year-old male with sepsis, and a 7-year-old male with endophthalmitis. This organism may be a significant pathogen depending on the clinical setting. Increased awareness of its importance will lead to more reports of its isolation.
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PMID:Haemophilus influenzae biotype III infections in children and report of three unusual cases. 697 35

Bacteria recently recognized as nosocomial pathogens generally fall into three categories: those that grow slowly, those that are fastidious in their nutritional or atmospheric requirements and those that resemble commensals. Each characteristic has contributed to the delay in perceiving their importance. Mycobacterium chelonei and Myco. fortuitum--which grow slowly, although characterized as "rapid-growing" mycobacteria--cause sternal osteomyelitis, pericarditis and endocarditis after cardiac surgery as well as other wound infections after many types of surgery. Myco. chelonei-like organisms have been found to cause "sterile" peritonitis in patients receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis. Legionella pneumophila and L. micdadei are fastidious bacteria that were more difficult to detect because they stain poorly with the Gram method. They cause pneumonia and lung abscess, especially in immunocompromised people. Clostridium difficile is an anaerobe that causes toxin-mediated pseudomembranous colitis in persons given antibiotics that inhibit competing gut bacteria. Chylamydia trachomatis, an intracellular organism that has not been grown in vitro, causes pneumonia and conjunctivitis in young infants who acquire the organism from their mothers at birth. Group JK bacteria cause septicemia in patients whose immune responses have been suppressed and must be distinguished from "diphtheroid" contaminants in blood cultures. Clinicians, microbiologists and epidemiologists must be alert to the characteristics of these organisms that make them easily overlooked and should also anticipate the existence of other bacteria not yet identified.
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PMID:Bacteria newly recognized as nosocomial pathogens. 700 90

Between a March and December of 1979, and outbreak of infections due to multiply antibiotic resistant Serratia marcescens took place in a 50-bed neonatal intensive care unit. Fifteen neonates suffered major infections (sepsis, meningitis and pneumonia) with one death, and 20 suffered minor infections (conjunctivitis, cystitis, wound infections). Epidemiologic investigation failed to reveal a common source; S. marcescens, however, ws isolated from an employee's hand, emollient skin cleanser, suction tubing, and three in-use manual infant resuscitation bags. The skin cleanser and equipment-cleaning agents were ineffective against S. marcescens. Asymptomatic, colonized infants were the major reservoir of S marcescens. These infants were identified by daily cultures of the nose, umbilicus and rectum. The rectal swab most commonly (76%) yielded first-positive cultures in previously uncolonized infants, and was ultimately positive in 92% of colonized infants. A control program was begun by: 1) removing all inanimate sources of S. marcescens; and 2) cohorting patients and staff into a S. marcescens-exposed group and a new patient group. The new patient group of infants was surveyed by daily triple-site cultures for colonization and subsequent transfer to the S. marcescens-exposed group. After four months, the epidemic was controlled and the organism eradicated from the neonatal intensive care unit.
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PMID:Epidemic Serratia marcescens in a neonatal intensive care unit: importance of the gastrointestinal tract as a reservoir. 704 24

A total of 403 coagulase- and DNAase-negative staphylococcal strains isolated from patients with conjunctivitis, urological diseases, purulent inflammatory processes, septicemia, infected traumas, pyodermia were investigated in 18 biological tests. In a vast majority of cases the absence of correlation between the individual biological characteristics of the strains was revealed. The identification of S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus, carried out by Akatov et al. in accordance with the schemes of the International Subcommittee, Digranes and Oeding, allowed to determine the species the organisms under test belonged to in 26%, 38% and 64% of the strains, respectively. Most of the identified strains belonged to S. epidermidis. Their biological typing by the methods of Baird-Parker and Akatov-Khatenever allowed the biotype to be determined in 79% and 69% of the cultures. Strains belonging to biotype 1 according to Baird-Peter were most frequently isolated in conjunctivitis, purulent processes and pyodermia, while strains belonging to biotype 2 according to Akatov-Khatenever were prevalent in urological diseases.
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PMID:[Coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from patients. I. Biological properties and biotyping of the strains]. 723 40

Of 403 coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains isolated from patients with different forms of infection 68,1% of the cultures could be identified in accordance with the scheme proposed by Akatov and Devriese. Of these, S. epidermidis constituted 55.1%, S. saprophyticus 13.5%, S. sciuri, S. warneri, S. cohnii, etc., 0.4% to 5.5%. A small group (8,2%) of novobiocin-resistant S. epidermidis and S. hominis strains was detected. S. epidermidis and S. warneri were isolated mostly in septicemia, conjunctivitis, purulent processes; S. saprophyticus and S. sciuri from infected wounds, nonidentified Staphylococcus spp., group I, in urological diseases. The cultures of S. epidermidis sensu stricto belonged, as a rule, to biotype 1, S. epidermidis according to Baird-Parker, S. hominis and S. stimulans belonged to biotype 4. No strains of biotype 2 were detected.
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PMID:[Coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from patients. II. Species diversity of the strains]. 724 68

The clinical and laboratory findings in seven children with Kawasaki disease are reviewed. Four of the patients had the more complicated course that has characterized the cases diagnosed in North America. This suggests that the benign forms are often mistaken for other febrile illnesses. The patients were two girls and five boys ranging in age from 4 months to 7 years; six were Caucasian and one was a North American Indian. Fever, redness of the oral mucosa, an erythematous or scarlatiniform rash and cervical adenopathy were seen in all; six patients had the characteristic fingertip desquamation and nonexudative conjunctivitis. Cardiac involvement occurred in four patients, two of whom had coronary artery aneurysm or thrombosis. Arthritis or arthralgia was seen in six patients, and aseptic meningitis occurred in four. Of the three patients with jaundice two underwent laparotomy and excision of a hydropic gallbladder; one of them died from Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.
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PMID:Kawasaki disease, or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome: report of seven cases in North America. 737 Aug 80

A comprehensive study of the course of the early neonatal period in 120 newborns infected with Chlamydia, analysis of somatic and obstetrical and gynecological anamnesis and the course of gestation, labor, and postpartum period in their mothers, and prospective clinical and microbiological examinations of these infants up to the age of 1 year revealed that the fetus is infected not only during delivery, but antenatally as well. The disease runs an extremely grave course in the neonates, often with generalization of the process. Chlamydial infection in the early neonatal period depends on the time and massiveness of infection of a child, the degree of morphofunctional maturity of the baby and presence of concomitant diseases related to unfavorable conditions of intrauterine development; it may take the following clinical forms: intrauterine sepsis, meningoencephalitis, intrauterine pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome, gastroenteropathy, conjunctivitis. Problems in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease are discussed.
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PMID:[Current problems in the clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia infection in newborns]. 776 42

We present three cases of primary meningococcal conjunctivitis associated with systemic sepsis. The management of such patients should include combined topical and parenteral therapy with appropriate chemoprophylaxis for close contacts of cases.
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PMID:Primary meningococcal conjunctivitis and the need for prophylaxis in close contacts. 780 86

By culturing for N gonorrhoeae in cases of neonates and children with conjunctivitis, vaginitis, urethritis, proctitis, sepsis, and arthritis, gonococcal infections can be identified easily. They are then treated with ceftriaxone. In neonates, the mother and her sexual contacts also should be treated. In children, a full evaluation for sexual contacts, with the assistance of other professionals, if necessary, will almost always identify a sexual contact. Appropriate action then can be taken to protect the child from further sexual contact. .
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PMID:Neisseria gonorrhoeae in children. 797 Aug 97


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