Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since July 1976, 19 patients with carcinoma of the bladder have been treated with adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, and levamisole combined with radiotherapy (60 Gy [6000 radsA1/24 fractions/6 weeks). Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were initiated simultaneously, with the entire treatment lasting 7--8 months. Three months after the completion of radiotherapy, 14 of the 18 patients in whom cystoscopy was performed were found to be in complete remission. Overall, 17 of the 19 patients have responded to the treatment and 15 patients have at some time shown complete remission. The toxic effects seen were myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of weight, and alopecia. Thirteen patients received the entire treatment as outpatients while six patients had to be hospitalized for a period of 8--14 days because of severe side effects, especially in Weeks 3--8. Serious complications such as bowel perforation were not seen, but one patient died with septicemia as a result of agranulocytosis, which was attributed to the treatment with levamisole.
Cancer Treat Rep 1979 Feb
PMID:Phase II study of adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, levamisole, and irradiation in carcinoma of the bladder. 44 95

A retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of advanced rectal cancer of the pelvis with regional intraarterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is reported. A special technic for positioning the catheters selectively in the internal iliac arteries justifies this analysis. Four patients with primary inextirpable rectal cancer and 10 patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer have been treated. No immediate mortality was noted. Relief of pain was noted in two-thirds of the patients. An objective tumor response was noted in three patients with locally recurrent disease. In one patient with primary inoperable cancer it was possible to extirpate the tumor after infusion therapy. An improvement in quality of life during the first 2 months after therapy was achieved in half of the patients as judged by their performance. Complications were not serious. Hematomas with infection were seen in one patient, two patients had septicemia, and three patients had transient oliguria. Transient thrombocytopenia was reported in two patients. The results indicate that infusion therapy produces a reasonable response such as palliation of pain. Only minor complications were seen and easily controlled. The advantages of infusion therapy are that it can be given in a reasonable time with only a short hospital stay.
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PMID:Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil) in patients with inextirpable or locally recurrent rectal cancer. 45 69

Subphrenic abscess is reported in two patients, one previously operated on for pancreatic carcinoma and the other for clear cell carcinoma of the left kidney. The subphrenic abscess presented with cachexia and low grade fever six months and one year after surgery. Metastatic carcinoma was erroneously diagnosed in both patients. Despite massive antibiotic treatment, both patients succumbed to sepsis. Because of the inherent diagnostic challenge, delineation of a subphrenic abscess in cancer patients without clear-cut evidence of a metastatic spread is crucial.
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PMID:Subphrenic abscess simulating metastatic carcinoma. 47 41

Terminal endocarditis develope in cancer patients almost latently. There is no difference between the so-called "tumor-endocarditis" and other verrucous endocarditis associated with terminal tuberculosis, sepsis or rheumatism. It is more frequent in cases with large or ulcerated primary tumours and multiple metastases than in cases with early cancer. It also develope more frequently in well differentiated cancer (squamous and adenocarcinoma) than in indifferentiated forms of cancer. Terminal endocarditis is often seen in patients with cancer of the gallbladder, pancreas, liver, stomach, rectum, and ovary. In carcinoma of the liver, pancreas and biliary tract the trend to embolism is more reduced through icterus than the trend to terminal endocarditis.
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PMID:[Endocarditis in cancer necropsies (author's transl)]. 47 52

The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group assessed the activity of diglycoaldehyde (DGA), VP-16-213, and the combination of methyl-CCNU and beta-2'-deoxythioguanosine in previously treated patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Objective responses were seen in two of 40 evaluable patients receiving methyl-CCNU and beta-2'-deoxythioguanosine and in one of 35 patients receiving DGA. None of 33 patients responded to VP-16-213, but one death related to sepsis and bone marrow failure occurred. Survival of patients whose previous chemotherapy included a nitrosourea was markedly shortened compared to those who had not been exposed to nitrosoureas. With the possible exception of DGA, further treatment of patients with colorectal cancer with these therapies is not warranted.
Cancer Treat Rep 1979 Aug
PMID:Phase II evaluation of diglycoaldehyde, VP-16-213, and the combination of methyl-CCNU and beta-2'-deoxythioguanosine in previously treated patients with colorectal cancer: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study (EST-1275). 47 9

Necrotizing lesions of the colon occur in patients with malignancy. We identified 26 patients with cancer (23 with acute leukemia and three with solid tumors) who died from necrotizing colitis. Autopsies revealed three pathologic categories: pseudomembranous colitis in 69 per cent, agranulocytic colitis in 19 per cent and ischemic colitis in 12 per cent. Most died from sepsis. A comparison of characteristics was made with a control population matched for diagnosis, age, cause of death and duration of neoplasia. Nearly all patients in both groups had fever and were granulocytopenic secondary to chemotherapy. Most received antineoplastic and antimicrobial regimens during the month prior to their terminal illness. Abdominal pain and distention, stomatitis and necrotizing pharyngitis were frequently associated with colitis. Hyperbilirubinemia was a frequent late complication in those with colitis and the control group. Single and multiorganism septicemia were found more frequently in patients with colitis. As antemortem diagnosis was unusual, aggressive attempts at diagnosis are necessary to assess the true incidence of this disorder and the best therapy.
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PMID:Necrotizing colitis in patients with cancer. 49 35

A cluster of three cases of staphylococcal septic endarteritis originating from percutaneously inserted brachial artery catheters for regional cancer chemotherapy prompted an epidemiologic and clinical study of bacteremic infections associated with this therapeutic modality. Nine cases were identified over a 3 1/2-year period (1.6% of all catheterizations), all caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The cluster followed discontinuation of hexachlorophene for scrub of the extremity prior to cannulation; phage-typing suggested the three cases were caused by the patients' own strains of Staphylococcus. These infections produced a distinctive clinical syndrome which facilitates implicating the catheter in the genesis of fever occurring in a patient receiving intra-arterial chemotherapy: early localized pain (89%) and hemorrhage (78%), and Osler's nodes distally (44%), later followed by local inflammation (78%), purulence (56%) and signs of systemic sepsis (100%) (each factor, p less than or equal to .005). Duration of cannulation did not influence susceptibility to infection. However, difficult cannulations or need for repositioning the catheter (p = .0096), prior radiation therapy (p = .033), leukopenia (p less than .05) and hypoalbuminemia (p less than .05) were all associated with septicemia. In the 25 months since implementation of specific control measures, there have been no further catheter-related septicemia in 310 catheterization (p less than .001). Guide-lines for prevention and management of these infections are provided.
Cancer 1979 Oct
PMID:Septic endarteritis due to intra-arterial catheters for cancer chemotherapy. I. Evaluation of an outbreak. II. Risk factors, clinical features and management, III. Guidelines for prevention. 49 11

Vindesine, a new vinca alkaloid, has shown therapeutic activity in several human malignancies. A phase II study in 26 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus was performed. Sixty percent of these patients had received prior chemotherapy. The starting dose was 3.0 mg/m2, which was escalated by 0.5 mg/m2 to a maximum of 4.5 mg/m2. Treatment was given once weekly for 7 weeks and every other week thereafter. Twenty-three patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. One complete remission (3 months), three partial remissions (5, 4, and 2+ months), and two minor responses (1.5 and 1 month) were seen. The major toxic effects were peripheral neuropathy, leukopenia, fever and myalgias, and alopecia. There was one drug-related death from leukopenia and sepsis. Vindesine has demonstrated therapeutic activity in esophageal carcinoma. Further studies with this agent are indicated.
Cancer Treat Rep
PMID:Vindesine in the treatment of esophageal carcinoma: a phase II study. 52 35

Sophisticated techniques for invasive and noninvasive monitoring of the cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic consequences of shock, together with application to therapy of nutritional implications of disordered substrate metabolism that preferentially consumes vital protein stores, will result in further reduction of mortality, particularly in septic shock. Early recognition of the responsible hemodynamic abnormality and its underlying cause, followed by monitored fluid challenge and the selective rather than routine use of vasoactive drugs, is the basis of current shock therapy. As more is learned of the profound catabolic and related hyperdynamic abnormalities of severe sepsis, it is apparent that therapy will be redirected toward provision of energy substrates and altering hormonal patterns to favor anabolism.
Curr Probl Cancer 1979 Sep
PMID:Acute circulatory failure. 53 43

During the period 1957 - 1977 there were 421 deaths recorded in the gynaecological wards of Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. Nearly 50% of the patients were Coloureds, 25% were Whites, and 14% were Blacks; in 14% the ethnic group was not stated. Seventy-four per cent were more than 40 years and 25% were more than 70 years of age. The causes of death in order of frequency were: malignant disease of the cervix (30%), malignant disease of the ovary (17%), incomplete abortion (15%), non-gynaecological conditions (11%), malignant disease of the corpus uteri (8%), intra-abdominal malignancy (6%), pulmonary embolism (3%), sepsis not associated with abortion (3%), malignant disease of the vulva (2%), and other conditions (5%). The six commonest causes of death varied in the three ethnic groups.
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PMID:Deaths in gynaecological wards at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, 1957 - 1977. 55 Mar 99


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