Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The injectable third-generation cephalosporin, cefoperazone, was introduced in India in early 1994. A post-marketing surveillance study was conducted in 1994-95 to collect local data on efficacy and safety, evaluate the native pattern of bacterial susceptibility, and assess the relationship of in vitro susceptibility tests to clinical efficacy. Hospitalized patients with features suggestive of infections that are approved indications for cefoperazone were eligible for the study. This report presents an analysis of the results among patients in the pediatric age group. The recommended dose range for children was 50-200 mg/kg/day. At analysis, 95 patients aged 6 days to 14 years were evaluable for efficacy. About a third of these (31%) were judged to have hospital acquired infections, and 22 (23%) had failed prophylaxis or previous treatment. A successful clinical outcome was observed in 91% of 75 non-neutropenic patients. Eighteen (95%) of 19 patients with pneumonia and 8 (89%) of 9 patients with pyogenic meningitis responded to cefoperazone. Five of 6 patients with complicated or hospital-acquired upper urinary tract infections, 2 of 3 patients with peritonitis, and all patients with skin or soft tissue infections, intra-abdominal abscess, osteomyelitis, and brain abscess also responded. Four of 5 non-neutropenic patients with septicemia recovered with cefoperazone monotherapy. The response rate was 70% among 20 neutropenic patients, 16 of whom were deemed septicemic. Antibiotic disc susceptibility data among pediatric patients was available for 63 isolates and 13% were reported resistant to cefoperazone. Microbiologic eradication was reported with 94% of initial isolates. Mild to moderate adverse events of study, drug-related or uncertain causation occurred in 4 (3.7%) of patients.
 ...
PMID:Cefoperazone: an analysis of results in the pediatric population from a post-marketing surveillance study in hospitalized patients. The Cefoperazone Collaborative Post-marketing Surveillance Study Group. 1077 51

We report the first case of skin and soft tissue infection due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis in Singapore. This is a coagulase negative Staphylococcus species known to cause a wide variety of more serious infections--brain abscess, sepsis, chronic osteomyelitis and infective endocarditis.
 ...
PMID:Staphylococcus lugdunensis: report of first case of skin and soft tissue infection in Singapore. 1106 83

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common disease for which pediatricians prescribe antimicrobial agents. Middle ear fluid were collected from 243 children with AOM that failed to respond to a previous course of antimicrobial therapy and who had then received myringotomy from September 1997 through August 1999. Bacterial cultures were done and antimicrobial susceptibilities were analyzed. Streptococcus pneumoniae (21.8%) was the most common causative organism, followed by Haemophilus influenzae (10.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (7%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.8%), while Moraxella catarrhalis (0.7%) and group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (0.2%) were rarely isolated. In patients whose condition failed to improve after a course of antibiotic treatment, drug resistance became a serious problem. Fourteen percent of the patients in this series had complications, which included recurrent AOM, persistent middle ear effusion necessitating ventilation tube insertion, hearing impairment, mastoiditis, meningitis, chronic otitis media, brain abscess, and sepsis. Possible risk factors such as young age, male sex, underlying diseases, and a culture of S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae were not significantly associated with an increased incidence of complications. More stringent diagnosis and the correct choice of antibiotic treatment combined with the introduction of potential virus and bacterial vaccines are promising ways to reduce the morbidity of AOM in children.
 ...
PMID:Pathogens in the middle ear effusion of children with persistent otitis media: implications of drug resistance and complications. 1160 10

A case of solitary brain abscess in a term neonate caused by Kiebsiella pneumoniae is described. K. pneumoniae, although a common cause of neonatal septicemia, is rarely implicated as an etiological agent for cerebral abscess in this age-group. The interest of this case lies in the rarity of the causative organism and atypical features. In the absence of predisposing factors in the neonate, we suspect that the infection was transmitted vertically from the mother before or at the time of delivery since there was evidence of asymtomatic urinary tract infection in the antenatal period.
 ...
PMID:An unusual case of neonatal brain abscess following Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia. 1168 9

Our purpose was to investigate the role of diffusion imaging (DI) in central nervous system (CNS) infections in pediatric patients. It was anticipated that DI would be more sensitive than conventional MRI in the detection of the infarctive complications of infection, and possibly, in the detection of the infectious process as well. Seventeen pediatric patients, eight having meningitis,, five with herpes encephalitis, three with brain abscess or cerebritis and one with sepsis, were evaluated at 1.5-T with DI. All herpes patients had positive DI at the site of herpetic involvement, and two had the addition of watershed infarctions. DI demonstrated more lesions in three of the four cases of herpetic encephalitis. Half the meningitis cases had watershed infarction where DI was better and half had vasculitic infarctions in which DI was equal to or better than conventional MRI. Diffusion imaging was more sensitive than conventional MRI alone in detection of changes due to infections and ischemic lesions, but did not differentiate between them by DI or apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), although anatomic distribution of lesions proved useful.
 ...
PMID:Diffusion imaging in pediatric central nervous system infections. 1179 40

The most frequent complications in diverticular disease are local abscess, perforation with peritoneal sepsis, fistula and ileus. Extraabdominal manifestation is an actual rarity. A haematogenous bacterial spread via portal vein with formation of liver abscess has seldom been described. But a complicated diverticular disease as a cause for a brain abscess is an absolute rarity. Our case presents a patient with brain abscess caused by asymptomatic, retroperitoneal perforated colonic diverticulosis. We discuss diagnostic steps both in diverticular disease and brain abscess and different surgical options in the treatment of colonic complicated diverticular disease.
 ...
PMID:[Brain abscess in retroperitoneal perforated colonic diverticulitis]. 1182 27

This article describes the microbiology, diagnosis, and management of human and animal bite wound infections. Various organisms can be recovered from bite wounds that generally result from aerobic and anaerobic microbial flora of the oral cavity of the biting animal, rather than the victim's own skin flora. The role of anaerobes in bite wound infections has been increasingly appreciated. Anaerobes were isolated from more than two thirds of human and animal bite wound infections, especially those associated with abscess formation. This article describes several of the organisms found in the bites of various species. In addition to local wound infection, other complications may occur, including lymphangitis, local abscess, septic arthritis, tenosynovitis, and osteomyelitis. Rare complications include endocarditis, meningitis, brain abscess, and sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Wound management includes the administration of proper local care and the use of proper antimicrobial agents when needed.
 ...
PMID:Microbiology and management of human and animal bite wound infections. 1282 49

Sixty cases of missile injuries (59 males, average age 25 years) were studied over a period of one year. Forty-three patients had suffered splinter injuries, 12 had gunshot wounds and 5 had suffered injuries from improvised explosive devices. The Glasgow coma scale was <5 in 8 patients, 5-8 in 14, 8-12 in 30 and 13-15 in 8 patients. Extensive comminution of skull bones was found in 10 patients. Thirty-five patients had penetration of the skull and the rest had orbito-cranial or facio-cranial wounds. CT scan revealed small hemorrhagic contusion with in-driven bones without mass effect in 15, contusion with mass effect in 36 cases, cortical contusions without in-driven bones (tangential injuries) in 3, distant intracranial contusions in 4, intraventricular hemorrhages in 5, multilobar injuries in 14, and unilobar injury in 40. Fifty-two patients were operated upon at our center, of which 30 were operated within 24 hrs, 10 between 24 to 48 hrs, and 12 between 48 to 72 hrs. Six patients were treated conservatively and 2 underwent only a simple closure of scalp wound. Craniectomy was done in 10 and craniotomy in 42 patients. Two patients developed wound sepsis, one had aspiration pneumonia, one had septicemia and one had deep vein thrombosis while one had post-traumatic hydrocephalus. On follow-up at 6 months, the outcome as per the Glasgow outcome scale was as follows: Good outcome in 42, moderate disability in 7, severe disability in 6 and death of 5 patients. Retained bone fragments were found in 36.3 % on follow-up CT scan but no one had brain abscess.
 ...
PMID:Missile injuries of the brain: results of less aggressive surgery. 1457 Oct 7

Early diagnosis of cranial sepsis is mandatory if morbidity is to be avoided. In the case of structural integrity of the skull, haematogenous spread or extension from adjacent structures, especially the sinuses, are the most common sources of infection. Infections may be limited to compartments by the meninges or spread diffusely. Focal disease includes brain abscess as well as subdural and extradural empyaema. A history or signs of sinus disease should always be sought. Tuberculosis, lyme disease and listeriosis may present specific pathological findings. A series of cases is presented to illustrate the role of imaging in infective disease and to draw attention to diagnostic and management points of which radiologists should be aware.
 ...
PMID:Cranial bacterial infection. 1474 53

Neonatal Escherichia coli meningitis is a serious disease with high mortality and poor outcome. Ventriculitis, brain abscess and subdural empyema are frequent, with no homogeneous recommendations available for these complications. The case of a newborn infant who developed sepsis and meningitis caused by E. coli is presented. During intravenous treatment with ampicillin, cefotaxime and gentamycin in recommended doses, the patient developed severe subdural abscesses detected on MRI. After consequent antibiotic therapy over 2 months with fosfomycin, amikacin and meropenem the patient improved clinically and the abscesses regressed and disappeared without neurosurgical intervention. At the age of 6.5 months the infant is healthy and well developed. The conservative treatment of subdural abscesses complicating neonatal Escherichia coli meningitis without neurosurgical intervention is possible. The treatment of the individual case should be discussed between pediatrician and neurosurgeon.
 ...
PMID:[Complicating neonatal Escherichia coli meningitis]. 1503 90


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>