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Query: UMLS:C0036690 (sepsis)
 59,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-nine cases of Osteomyelitis, and 27 of septic arthritis have been presented. 69/96 (71%) were children below 12. The sites frequently involved were tibia, femur and humerus. Septic arthritis commonly involved the knee. The commonest organism was Penicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Though we sought but failed to establish that overt clinical malnutrition was aetiologically important, since 54% were well-fed children, the virulence of the sepsis in which an entire bone shaft may die is disturbing but unexplained. Whereas arthrotomy plus antibiotics gave uniformly good results for septic arthritis, in osteomyelitis, no single treatment regime was outstanding. We would recommend the tetracyclines, (eg. "Reverin"), in addition to appropriate surgery, as a routine.
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PMID:A clinical study of Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. 26 74

We report a case of Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia with septic arthritis. Gentamicin administration controlled the septicemia but failed to eradicate the organisms in the joint, in spite of a synovial fluid level four times its minimal inhibitory concentration after four days of therapy. Development of azotemia necessitated change of antibiotic therapy to chloramphenicol, which eradicated the infection. While Y enterocolitica infection in the United States is uncommon, it must be added to the list of organisms causing suppurative arthritis and septicemia in susceptible hosts. Septic arthritis must be distinguished from the much more common reactive theumatic polyarthritis associated with Y enterocolimica infection, for which antibiotic therapy is neither needed nor helpful.
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PMID:Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia with septic arthritis. 98 93

Ten episodes of musculoskeletal sepsis have been seen in nine patients with HIV infection. Seven patients had AIDS, circulating CD4-positive lymphocyte counts being less than 0.1 x 10(9)/l in six. Septic arthritis recurred in seven patients, osteomyelitis in three and pyomyositis and bursitis each occurred in one patient. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from four patients, atypical micro-organisms being found in three. Presentation of musculoskeletal infection in this patient group may be atypical but rapid diagnosis is important as early antimicrobial therapy is often successful.
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PMID:Septic bone, joint and muscle lesions associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 159

Septic arthritis can complicate many forms of arthritis. Two cases of apatite associated destructive arthropathy (AADA) complicated by sepsis are described. Diagnosis of this complication in the setting of severe joint damage is difficult as AADA and sepsis share certain characteristics--an initial, rapidly progressive, severely painful course and radiographs which show rapidly destructive changes with marked cartilage loss, bone attrition, and virtual absence of osteophyte or cyst response.
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PMID:Septic arthritis complicating apatite associated destructive arthropathy. 176 75

Twenty-one patients older than 60 years of age with septic arthritis were reviewed over a ten-year period. The knee was the joint most commonly involved. Concurrent medical illnesses were noted in the majority of patients, with diabetes mellitus present in 24%. Seventy-one percent of patients had roentgenographic evidence of preexisting joint disease in the affected joint. Most patients were afebrile and had normal white blood cell counts at the time of admission. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated in all patients tested, with an average value of 79. Despite surgical treatment in the majority of patients, the complication rate was high, with 38% developing osteomyelitis; 14%, secondary osteoarthritis; and 19%, mortality due to sepsis. Septic arthritis in the elderly is difficult to diagnose and carries a poor prognosis despite aggressive management.
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PMID:Septic arthritis in the elderly. 229 80

The technetium phosphate bone scans of 106 children with suspected septic arthritis were reviewed to determine whether the bone scan can accurately differentiate septic from nonseptic arthropathy. Only 13% of children with proved septic arthritis had correct "blind" scan interpretation. The clinically adjusted interpretation did not identify septic arthritis in 30%. Septic arthritis was incorrectly identified in 32% of children with no evidence of septic arthritis. No statistically significant differences were noted between the scan findings in the septic and nonseptic groups and no scan findings correlated specifically with the presence or absence of joint sepsis.
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PMID:Technetium phosphate bone scan in the diagnosis of septic arthritis in childhood. 279 33

Septic arthritis is associated with a definite morbidity which may be related to a delay in diagnosis and hence treatment. The cases of three patients with rheumatoid arthritis and chronic chest disease where the joint sepsis was not the predominant feature are presented. The responsible organism was Streptococcus pneumoniae which had spread after recent chest infections. Minimal joint symptoms or general malaise in association with an unexplained rise in erythrocyte sedimentation rate in these circumstances warrant a search for joint sepsis.
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PMID:Pneumococcal septic arthritis in rheumatoid arthritis. 363 70

Septic arthritis is a serious and sometimes fatal complication of rheumatoid arthritis. We have examined the clinical characteristics of 16 patients with infectious arthritis seen during an eight-year period. This represented 0.5% of all admissions to our hospital for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Although rheumatoid arthritis is considered a predisposing factor for joint sepsis, 15 of our patients had other conditions that most likely increased their susceptibility to infection. Many patients lacked distinctive features of joint sepsis (fever, chills) and only one half had leukocytosis. Six had polyarticular complaints despite documented monarthric sepsis. Delay in diagnosis of joint infection and persistent effusions of the infected joints portended a poor prognosis.
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PMID:Infection versus disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: eight years' experience. 376 20

Angular limb deformities are not uncommon in foals. Mild angular deviation due to laxity of supporting soft tissues often resolves spontaneously. However, external splinting or casting may be needed in severe cases or in those that do not resolve. When incomplete ossification of carpal or tarsal bones is the cause of the limb deformity, external support is mandatory to prevent further deformation and abnormal development of the bones. When epiphyseal and metaphyseal abnormalities cause axial deviation, surgical intervention is usually necessary. Circumferential periosteal transection and/or transphyseal bridging are methods used. The choice is dictated by the type and severity of the deformity. Flexor contractures of the forelimb vary greatly in degree and joints affected. Physical therapy combined with intermittent splint application is often successful, but surgical intervention may be necessary in unresponsive cases. Flexor tendon laxity is usually self-correcting but physical therapy, restricted exercise, and splinting may be needed. Rotational abnormalities are easier to correct in the forelimbs than in the hind limbs. Correction is usually accomplished by frequent corrective hoof trimming. Miscellaneous anomalies of the musculoskeletal system may sometimes be amenable to surgical correction, although the potential disadvantages must be carefully considered. Septic arthritis is a frequent sequela to neonatal septicemia and must be treated aggressively and early in its development. Appropriate systemic antibiotics, joint lavage, and rest are indicated. Neonatal osteomyelitis has a poor prognosis and requires prompt, vigorous therapy; even then, growth anomalies of the limb or contiguous septic arthritis may develop and further worsen the prognosis. Early accurate diagnosis and prompt appropriate therapy are vital in treating musculoskeletal disorders in foals, especially when a successful outcome is judged by the animal becoming a functional athlete.
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PMID:Musculoskeletal disorders in neonatal foals. 387 88

The clinical and microbiologic features of septic arthritis in 23 elderly patients are reviewed. Fifteen patients had pre-existing joint diseases, predominantly osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Eight patients had underlying systemic illnesses, and eight patients were receiving systemic corticosteroid therapy prior to the development of septic arthritis. The knee was the joint most commonly infected. Although Staphylococcus aureus was the major pathogen (52.2 per cent of patients), enteric gram-negative bacilli were found in seven of 23 patients (30.4 per cent). Five patients died (21.7 per cent mortality), two as a result of their infection and three of nosocomial Pseudomonas sepsis. Eight of the 18 survivors (44.4 per cent) developed osteomyelitis in the contiguous bone. Return of joint function was slow in all patients. Septic arthritis in the elderly is difficult to treat and has a poor outcome, possibly because pre-existing joint disease is very common and enteric gram-negative bacilli are often the causative organisms.
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PMID:Septic arthritis in the elderly. 397 35


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