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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study presents a hypothesis of a new psychiatric therapy. Deep, low-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation is theoretically able to evoke the same therapeutic effects as electro-convulsive therapy but in a softer mode/painlessly and without a motor seizure.
Psychiatr Pol
PMID:[Will electroconvulsive therapy induce seizures: magnetic brain stimulation as hypothesis of a new psychiatric therapy]. 130 19

The serum valproate (VPA) concentration and the clinical effects of polytherapy with other antiepileptic drugs: phenobarbital (PB), clonazepam (CZP), diazepam (DZ), clobazam (CLO), ethosuximide (ESX) were estimated. VPA serum levels were reduced when this drug was combined with phenobarbital. Clobazam given together with valproate led to an increase in the serum concentration of the former drug. VPA serum levels were without significant changes when the drug was combined with either ethosuximide or 1-4-benzodiazepines. The best therapeutical effects were found after polytherapy sodium valproate with ethosuximide and clobazam in primary generalized seizures.
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Certain aspects of interaction between sodium valproate and other anticonvulsant drugs in the therapy of epilepsy in children. 130 65

The studies included 64 children with newly diagnosed epilepsy, aged from 6 to 15 years of life. In 25 children with partial and secondary generalized seizures monotherapy with carbamazepine was introduced; in 19 children with primary generalized seizures--with phenobarbital, and in patients with both types of seizures--with primidone. Monotherapy was controlled by means of blood serum drug concentration level monitoring; the therapy was successful in all the children. The group did not include patients with mental retardation, and epilepsy was idiopathic. Prior to the institution of treatment, a single determination of blood serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, TSH, prolactin, cortisol, LH and testosterone was made. Psychological test were carried out employing Wechsler's scale, Bender-Santucci test, rhythmic structures developed by Mira Stambak and test of manual dexterity (card display). In order to evaluate short-term effects of the employed drugs upon the blood serum concentration values of the studied hormones, a repeated determination was made one month after the initiation of therapy. The third determination was made one year after the onset of treatment in order to assess the long-term effects. The effect of drugs upon their cognitive functions was assessed in a follow-up psychological testing performed after one year of therapy. The studies combined with statistical analysis led to a conclusion that after one month of monotherapy there occurred a significant drop in thyroxine concentration levels, still augmented after one year. Patients treated with carbamazepine showed a significant decrease of T3 levels after one month and one year, whereas treatment with phenobarbital and primidone did not result in significant changes of T3 concentration. Yet, T3 and T4 concentration values did not exceed normal limits. No type of monotherapy resulted in significant long-term changes of TSH concentration levels. No clinical signs of hypothyroidism nor goiter were observed in the studied children. After one month of monotherapy with carbamazepine and phenobarbital there was observed a significant increase of prolactin and cortisol levels, which was absent after one year. The values observed did lie within normal limits. No significant changes were observed with respect to the effect of the studied drugs upon blood serum LH and testosterone levels. After a one-year monotherapy with primidone the children revealed a significant improvement of results measured on performance scale and by means of a full Wechsler scale. Carbamazepine and phenobarbital did not affect the intelligence quotient of the studied children.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Endokrynol Pol 1992
PMID:[The effect of monotherapy on concentration of selected blood serum hormones and upon cognitive function of children with epilepsy]. 134 59

The paper presents the results of the analysis of atonic epileptic seizures with application of brain mapping eeg. The views to date on the pathogenesis of atonic seizures could be based on the assumptions of centrencephalic epilepsy voiced by Penfield and Jasper. The present investigations and electrophysiological-clinical observations support, however, contrary to the concept of Penfield and Jasper, the cortical origin of these seizures. The discussion on the clinical forms of atonic seizures in epilepsy, confirmed by analysis of brain mapping in the domain of frequencies and amplitude distribution, in the form of brain topograms, allows for the concept of cortical origin of these seizures with the probability of localisation of the epileptic focus, as in here presented case, in the anterior right paramedial frontal region of the brain.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 1992
PMID:[Brain mapping in atonic epileptic attacks with consciousness disorders at school age]. 140 96

In 26 patients 24-hour cassette EEG recording and routine EEG records were taken between 6 and 35 days and again between 6 and 12 months after craniocerebral trauma. Neurological examination and CT of the head demonstrated cerebral concussion in 11 cases and brain contusion in 15 cases. Early after trauma routine EEG was abnormal in 5 cases (19.2%) exclusively in those with brain contusion, and 24-hour EEG recording was abnormal in 16 cases (61.5%), including 7 with cerebral concussion and 9 with brain contusion. In the second half year after trauma 24-hour EEG was normal in 5 cases (19.2%) which had previously abnormal records, and abnormal EEG changes appeared in 6 cases (23.1%) with previously normal findings. Seizure activity was found in the first weeks after trauma in 9 (34.6%) 24-hour recordings. In the second half year after trauma seizure activity was no longer present in 2 cases, but appeared in 6 other cases. Thus 24-hour recording between 6 and 12 months after trauma demonstrated seizure activity in 50% of all patients. In 2 of them epileptic fits developed. The study shows that repeated 24-hour EEG recording after craniocerebral trauma may be important in early detection of patients who are at risk of epilepsy development.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Results of prospective 24-hour EEG studies of patients after cranio-cerebral injuries]. 145 18

On the basis of 149 CT examinations of cases of brain metastases the neurological symptoms and signs were analysed in relation to the character of the metastasis and the extent of oedema. Stroke beginning of clinical manifestations, loss of consciousness, seizures and neurological syndromes were evaluated.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Clinical symptoms and the CT image of neoplasm metastases to the brain]. 145 23

The effects of thiophosphoric acid alkaloid derivatives from Chelidonium majus L. (Ukrain, UKSR-222) on the central nervous system (CNS) of mice and rats was studied. Intraperitoneal (ip) administration of Ukrain in doses of 9.5 and 19 mg/kg for mice depressed spontaneous motor activity, decreased body temperature and potentiated the action of hexobarbital. Only in a dose of 19 mg/kg Ukrain produced analgesic action in the hot plate test. It had no protective effect against electroshock or pentetrazol-induced seizures. In rats, ip administration of Ukrain in dose of 14 and 28 mg/kg potentiated the action of amphetamine and apomorphine but had no effect on catalepsy induced by haloperidol. Ukrain used in dose 9.5, 14, 19 and 28 mg/kg antagonized the head twitches induced by 5-HTP and hyperthermia-induced by m-CPP. Biochemical studies indicated that Ukrain did not affect the NA and DA concentrations in the whole rats' brain and did not affect the 5-HT and 5-HIAA concentrations in the whole brain of rats. These findings demonstrate that the central action of Ukrain involves the stimulation of the dopaminergic system and the inhibition of the serotoninergic system.
Pol J Pharmacol Pharm
PMID:Basic central pharmacological properties of thiophosphoric acid alkaloid derivatives from Chelidonium majus L. 147 May 61

24-hour cassette recording of EEG using the Medilog 9000 system was done in 36 patients referred for observations because of diagnostic difficulties in cases of refractors unconsciousness attacks. The method made possible isolation of 3 groups: 1. 6 patients with attacks not suggestive of epilepsy 2. 12 patients with false unconsciousness attacks which were in fact short partial complex seizures (temporal lobe absence) 3. 17 patients with actual unconsciousness attacks. The study demonstrated a high usefulness of 24-hour EEG monitoring in the differential diagnosis of unconsciousness attacks increasing the likelihood of attack recording and making possible their precise clinical and EEG characteristics which is often impossible with routine EEG and history taking.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Use of 24-hour casette monitoring of the EEG recording in the differential diagnosis of attacks of unconsciousness in adults]. 148 69

In 24 patients with diagnostically not clear, short, recurrent episodes of consciousness disturbances and heart diseases and/or a history of arrhythmia simultaneous 24-hour recording was done of eeg and ecg. In the differential diagnosis epilepsy was considered, especially since in most cases routine eeg records demonstrated slight episodic changes. During 24-hour recording in 8 cases typical episodes of consciousness disturbances developed but in none of them these episodes were associated with arrhythmia which ruled out their cardiogenic origin. In 2 cases EEG recording served for establishing the diagnosis of partial complex seizures, 2 patients had hyperventilation syncope, one had TIA, in the remaining 3 cases absence of eeg and ecg changes during these episodes and coexistence of anxiety neurosis suggested functional origin. So the combined 24-hour eeg+ecg recording made possible establishing of diagnosis in 1/3 of these patients, enabling adequate treatment to be instituted.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Diagnostic value of 24-hour simultaneous EEG and ECG monitoring of patients with heart diseases and atypical consciousness disorders]. 148 70

The incidence of poststroke epilepsy, i.e. recurring seizures after stroke, is estimated at 6-8%. Chronic recurrent seizures infrequently follow these convulsions which occur soon after stroke, whereas they often follow late-onset convulsions, that is, those convulsions which occur between two weeks to six years after the stroke. The mechanism of poststroke epilepsy is not fully understood. The prevailing opinion is that cortical involvement is of particular importance. The seizures may be partial or generalized, EEG may play a role in the localization of the focus, the determination of its and differentiation of cortical versus subcortical lesions. It would appeared that CT is of great utility in the visualization of cerebral lesions and in estimating lesion size. Seizures in 88% could be managed with monotherapy.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Epilepsy after stroke]. 152 69


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