Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

OBJECTIVE: To study the sedative effects of Jujuboside A (JuA) on the Central Nervous System of mice. METHODS: Using a novel jiggle-cage test, we compared the sedative effect of JuA with that of Diazepam (DZP) both with a single and cumulative dose of JuA. We also assessed the anticonvulsant effect of JuA on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice. RESULTS: JuA significantly decreased total activity intensity and increased the quiet state time of mice. The sedative effects of JuA were more stable and more lasting than that of DZP. However, JuA failed to resist and delay the induced seizure activity in mice. CONCLUSION: Though JuA has sedative effects on mice CNS, it has no anticonvulsant effect on PTZ-induced seizures.
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2002 Apr
PMID:[Sedative and anticonvulsant effect of jujuboside A] 1253 70

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of c-FOS oncogene in rats hippocampus with pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced generalized seizure. To also investigate the anticonvulsant effect of calcium antagonists. METHODS: 52 rats was divided into 6 groups, 12 received 0.9% saline as control, 21 received PTZ, and 19 received both Nimodipine and PTZ. PTZ was injected intraperitoneally and the time to onset of seizure occurrence was recorded. The seizure events were scored using the Racine scale (1972). The c-FOS protein expression was observed at 2 h or 4 h using peroxidase-labelled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) staining techniques. RESULTS: Control antimals had no seizure activity. There was a significant increase in the time to onset of seizure activity in the Nimodipine-treated group, compared with that of the PTZ group (P<0.01). Seizure activities was more severe in the PTZ group compared with rats who received both PTZ and Nimodipine [P<0.01]. There was low level c-FOS protein expression in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and granule cells of the dentate gyrus.C-FOS expression was upregulated at the 2nd and 4th hour post-PTZ injection. Nimodipine could reduce c-FOS protein expression induced by the PTZ-induced generalized seizure at 2nd hour post-PTZ injection (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in c-FOS expression between the PTZ group and the Nimodipine-treared group by 4th hour (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: PTZ can induce generalized seizure in rat. There is post-ictal upregulation of c-FOS protein expression in the hippocampal pyramidal neurons and dentate gyrus granule cells. Thus the hippocampus pathways are likely involved in the occurrence of PTZ-induced epilepsy. Nimodipine may attenuate PTZ-induced seizure activity.
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2002 Apr
PMID:[C-Fos expression in the hippocampus of rats with pentylenetetrazol-induced epilepsy] 1253 72

Current laws and regulations concerning epilepsy patients and driving exist in different countries all over the world. Patient's seizure-free intervals, physician's responsibilities, type of seizures and other requirements make these laws and regulations vary from country to country and even from state to state in the same country. In Argentina, in law No. 24.449, Decree Regulation No. 779/95, article 33 on Physical Aptitude, epilepsy is included, and the NE02 code "bans" anyone with epilepsy from being licensed; while NE03 "bans" anyone with an abnormal electroencephalogram. Based on laws from Argentina and foreign countries regarding driving and other issues that concern people with epilepsy, we propose that: 1) Physicians must counsel patients on their responsibilities over their disease and driving, and document on the medical record that this has been done. 2) Patients must take 1-year seizure-free period before being licensed again. 3) Patients are compelled to an annual medical update and to disclose the antiepileptic drugs (AED's) they are taking. 4) Driving restriction for patients having their AED's reduced or switched, during that period and up to six-months after finishing the process. 5) Doctors are not obliged to report to the State cases with seizures or epilepsy. 6) In paragraph "Neurological Aptitudes Criteria", about NE02 and NE03 Codes, the expression "inept" should be switched to "to be evaluated". 7) Ban a person with any history of seizure or epilepsy from being licensed to drive school buses, trucks and public transportation. These changes in our regulations will have the following advantages: 1) An increase in the number of reports to Motor Vehicle Authorities. 2) An improvement of the clinical/neurological controls. 3) They also will avoid, in great proportion, seizure-related motor vehicle crashes and property damage. 4) The up-dating of our laws/regulations/codes. 5) Not only because of medical, but also for its legal and social implications: a) protect physicians from being drawn into the legal foray, b) epileptic patients are legally protected, c) increase the security in the streets and therefore in our community.
 ...
PMID:[Epilepsy and driving in Argentina. A new proposal]. 1287 13

Ganglioglioma is a lesion rarely encountered in the suprasellar region. Here we present a case of suprasellar region ganglioglioma that was totally removed by surgery. The patient was a 15-year-old female who complained of seizure for about 1 year, polyuria and eyesight descent for about 6 months. The neurological examination was without positive findings except bi-papilledema. By MRI, a huge cystic mass lesion was found in the suprasellar region, which caused slight obstructive hydrocephalus. The size of the mass was determined to be 4 cm x 3 cm x 3 cm. The levels of GH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, LH, FSH, TT3, TT4, CORT-1 were normal. We resected this lesion totally by trans-anterior portion of the foramen of right lateral ventricle. The postoperative paraffin section and immunohistochemistry showed ganglioglioma, GFAP(+), CK(-), NF(+). The follow-up time was 10 months; the patient was in good condition and enjoyed high quality of survival. This tumor has special embryological origins, clinical manifestations, and pathological features. Ganglioglioma of the suprasellar region will be of relatively favorable prognosis if it is diagnosed and resected in the early stage.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2003 Oct
PMID:[Ganglioglioma of the suprasellar region]. 1461

Mercury intoxication is a rare cause of severe hypertension. A case of mercury intoxication presented with severe hypertension and erythromelalgia was reported. A 10-year- and -5-month-old girl presented with recurrent rash and painful hands for 2 months, with seizure attack and episodic loss of consciousness for one hand half months. The girl was found to have red painful hands, a blood pressure 170/120 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa), tachycardia and hypokalemia (2.83-3.25 mmol/L, reference value 3.5-5.5 mmol/L). An extensive investigation ensued. Elevated renin-angiotensin and aldosterone were demonstrated in plasma. Cranial MRI T2 weighed images showed widespread white matter signal abnormalities, which particularly involved parietal, occipital and frontal lobes. With hypertension controlled, white matter signal abnormalities weakened. Other symptoms included insomnia, nausea and paroxysmal abdominal pain. The girl was found to have a raised concentration of mercury in urine (0.171 mg/L, reference value< 0.01 mg/L), and she had been exposed to elemental mercury for several days. After chelating therapy, the girl's blood pressure returned to normal, erythromelalgia ameliorated, all other symptoms disappeared. So, mercury intoxication should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypertension with erythromelalgia.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2007 Aug 18
PMID:[Hypertension and erythromelalgia as prominent manifestations of mercury intoxication]. 1765 63

Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is a familial inherited epileptic syndrome characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity from the milder febrile seizures to the severest epileptic encephalopathy such as severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI). GEFS+ is a disorder with a genetic heterogeneity. Molecular genetics have revealed that four genes are associated with the pathogenesis of GEFS+. These include mutations in genes encoding subunits of neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels (SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A) and gamma(2) subunit of the gamma amino-butyric acid (GABA)(A) receptor (GABRG2). These genes have been confirmed as having a role in autosomal dominant GEFS+ families. In addition, the phenotypes of the affected members may depend on the types and locations of these gene mutations. This review states the molecular genetic progress of GEFS+ in brief.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2008 Apr
PMID:[Progress in molecular genetics of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus]. 1845 5

Seizures may be the first or sometimes the only manifestation of patients with glioma in clinics. The aim of operation is to eliminate epilepsy far beyond mere resection of tumor mass. The underlying mechanisms of glioma-associated epileptogenesis are poorly understood. Recently the theory of amino-acid like neurotransmitters in chemical synapse is gradually accepted. However, the molecular mechanisms remain to be further investigated on how glutamate release is regulated and how synaptic homeostasis in peripheral neurons is kept or disturbed. So detailed studies are needed to clarify specific molecular target and provide proper evidence for optimal antiepileptic drugs in glioma-associated epileptogenesis.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2008 Aug 18
PMID:[Progress in the study of the chemical synapse in glioma-associated epileptogenesis]. 1867 97

Congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome (CBPS) is rare in literature, especially in China. In this article, we report the clinical and treatment of a patient with CBPS and discuss its mechanism, clinical features and therapy. This patient was a 28-year-old man. His main clinical features were pseudobulbar palsy, cognitive deficits and intractable epilepsy. MRI shows bilateral thickening of the cortex around the sylvian fissures which were deeper than normal and polymicrogyria. The electroencephalogram demonstrated slow spike in right temporal lobe and left frontal lobe. Rhythmal 4 Hz theta waves exist in left frontal and parietal lobe. As the epilepsy was poorly controlled by antiepileptic, section of the corpus callosum was carried out. After callosotomy, there was pronounced seizure reduction and intelligence development improvement. CBPS is characterized by pseudobulbar palsy, cognitive deficits, and bilateral perisylvian abnormalities in imaging studies. If intractable epilepsy is combined, callosotomy may be effective.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2008 Dec 18
PMID:[Congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome: a case report]. 1908 40

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is characterized by angiomas affecting the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, epilepsy, intellectual impairment, hemiplegia and glaucoma. We report a patient who developed SWS without facial hemangioma (SWS type III) in his adulthood. The patient presented with repeated episodes of headache since age 37 year. He manifested first attack of seizure at the age 47 year followed by aphasia and right upper limb palsy. Brain CT scan revealed right parietal-occipital calcification, brain CT angiography showed right temporal lobe and occipital lobe vascular malformation, and MRI showed leptomeningeal enhancement in the riht cerebral piamater. The seizure was controlled with antiepileptic drugs and reviewed in routine follow up.
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2014 Sep
PMID:[Adult Sturge-Weber syndrome without facial hemangioma: report of one case]. 2537 46

Objective: To investigate the effect of crocin on the progression and generalized seizure of temporal lobe epilepsy in mice. Methods: Hippocampus rapid kindling model was established in C57BL/6J mice. The effects of crocin on seizure stage, afterdischarge duration (ADD), number of stimulation in each stage and final state, the incidence of generalized seizure (GS), average seizure stage and ADD were observed. Results: Crocin (20 mg/kg) significantly retarded behavioral seizure stages ( P<0.05) and shortened cumulative ADD ( P<0.01) during hippocampus rapid kindling acquisition in mice compared with vehicle group. Meanwhile, number of stimulations in stage 1-2 was significantly increased ( P<0.05) and the incidence of fully kindled animals was significantly decreased ( P<0.01). However, 10 or 50 mg/kg crocin showed no significant effect on the above indexes (all P>0.05). Crocin (100 or 200 mg/kg) significantly decreased the incidence of GS (all P<0.01) and reduced average seizure stages (all P<0.01) in fully-kindled mice compared with vehicle group; Fifty mg/kg crocin only reduced average seizure stages ( P<0.05). Conclusion: Low-dose crocin can retard the progression in hippocampus rapid kindling acquisition in mice, while high-dose crocin relieves the GS in fully-kindled mice, which suggests that crocin may be a potential anti-epileptic compound.
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017 Jan 25
PMID:[Effects of crocin on hippocampus rapid kindling epilepsy in mice]. 2843 25


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