Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three adolescent patients with severe seizure disorders were treated with phenacemide. All three patients showed elevated serum creatinine and normal blood urea nitrogen values while on phenacemide. Simultaneous urea and creatinine clearance studies performed on each patient demonstrated normal urea clearances and decreased creatinine clearances. Inulin clearance performed in one patient was normal. The medication was discontinued in two of the patients because of co-existing neutropenia. Serum creatinine values returned to normal after phenacemide treatment was terminated. The elevation in serum creatinine values with phenacemide appears to be dose related, reversible, and unrelated to impairment of glomerular filtration.
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PMID:Elevated serum creatinine levels in three patients treated with phenacemide. 395 82

Thirty four consecutive neonates with birth asphyxia or respiratory problems were examined in the first week of life to clarify the relation between neonatal myoglobinuria and acute renal failure. Investigations included determination of creatinine clearance, fractional sodium excretion, and N-acetyl-beta-D glucosaminidase index as an indicator of tubular injury. The infants' gestational ages ranged from 29 to 41 weeks (mean 36 weeks). Fifteen infants did not have myoglobinuria on the first day of life (group A); myoglobinuria was mild in eight infants (group B) and severe in eleven (group C). Two infants in group B and seven in group C developed acute renal failure (47%). Ten infants in group C (91%) had severe asphyxia, five of whom (45%) also suffered neonatal seizures and intracranial haemorrhage. We suggest that myoglobin derived from muscle breakdown in asphyxiated infants may lead to acute renal failure secondary to a reduction in renal blood flow, or to tubular damage.
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PMID:Effects of perinatal asphyxia and myoglobinuria on development of acute, neonatal renal failure. 406 43

The authors valued some metabolic parameters (sodium, potassium, calcium, blood levels of glucose, proteins, nitrogen, creatinine) in 159 children with febrile convulsions and compared the results with those of a group of children with fever (50 subjects) and of a group of health, fever free children (50 subjects). In the patients with febrile convulsions serum levels of sodium, calcium and osmolarity resulted significantly lower than those obtained in both control groups. The electrolytic modification (overall hyponatremia, probably due to a SIADH) may have a role in short-term relapses of febrile convulsions. Hyponatremia is present also in some children with high fever, without seizures; it may be that hyponatremia, in predisposed subjects, lower the threshold of neuromuscular excitability.
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PMID:[Electrolytic changes in febrile convulsions]. 409 12

Six episodes of acute rhabdomyolysis were observed within a two-year period in 5 male adult alcoholic patients hospitalised in a hepatology intensive care unit. Painful muscle swelling was discrete of absent in 4 of the 5 patients. Acute rhabdomyolysis was preceded by grand mal seizures in 4 patients, delirium tremens in 1 and high fever with shivers in 3. All cases were rapidly diagnosed on the finding of very high serum creatinine phosphokinase levels. One patient developed acute respiratory failure and recovered after prolonged mechanical ventilation. Three patients had acute renal failure with severe hyperkalemia in one but none required dialysis. Three patients died within 2 to 6 days of the diagnosis, but the deaths were not directly related to rhabdomyolysis. It would appear that in alcoholic patients: the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis is probably underestimated; any muscular hyperactivity as seen in seizures, delirium tremens and prolonged shivers may be a precipitating factor; the condition is easily diagnosed by measuring serum creatinine kinase activity; some cases of acute renal failure in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis might be explained by acute rhabdomyolysis with minimal symptoms.
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PMID:[Acute rhabdomyolysis in alcoholic patients]. 622 27

Cardiazol induced seizures in rabbits showed that the highest oxypurine concentrations can be detected in the CSF 1 hour after the convulsions. There is a sharp decline continuing until the third hour. After that the CSF values remain nearly constant until the 24th hour being about ten times higher than in the controls. There is a good correlation of these results obtained through the densitometric thin-layer, enzymatic-oxymetric, and HPLC-methods. Creatinine and potassium were raised only during the first two hours postconvulsively. Uracil appeared in the CSF slightly higher at the 1 hour and at the 12 and 24 hour values. A parallel increase of the oxypurine and creatinine concentrations was found in the serum between 30 to 120 minutes postconvulsively. After that the raised serum values decreased slowly to the initial values. CSF samples were examined in 31 children postconvulsively: Hypoxanthine was found to be raised in 8 of 12 patients with severe grand mal seizures, 1 of 6 patients with hypsarrhythmia, 1 of 8 patients with short seizures (less than 2 min) and in all 5 patients with petit mal status. In contrast to these groups the hypoxanthine concentrations was raised only in 2 of 20 children with aseptic meningitis. The difference between the group of children with convulsions and the group of children with aseptic meningitis is significant (p less than 0.005). Also, the frequency of raised uric acid concentration is higher in the group of children with convulsions (70%) than in the group of children with aseptic meningitis (40%); (p less than 0.05).
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PMID:Increased nucleotide catabolism after cerebral convulsions. 726 76

Eight-hundred eleven case records of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumala virus were reviewed, and particular attention was given to data regarding severe neurological manifestations. The most common symptoms were headache (97%), blurred vision (40%), and vomiting (31%); 27% of the patients had all three. Nine patients (1%) had severe neurological manifestations: meningism and cerebral hemorrhage occurred during the first week of illness, whereas epileptiform seizures and urinary bladder paralysis developed during the second week. In terms of the severity of renal failure, as evidenced by maximum serum creatinine levels, there was no difference between patients with or without severe neurological conditions. There was one fatal case due to cerebral hemorrhage; the other patients with severe neurological manifestations clinically recovered and did not have any neurological signs during 6 months of follow-up. HERS caused by Puumala virus, or a variant of it, may be associated with severe, potentially life-threatening neurological complications.
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PMID:Neurological manifestations of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by Puumala virus: review of 811 cases. 774 25

A now 33-year-old woman first had psychomotor seizures at the age of 3 years. At 9 years tuberous sclerosis (Bourneville-Pringle disease) was diagnosed, on the basis of sebaceous adenoma, white spots of the skin and periventricular cerebral calcifications. Later she developed hyperostoses of the cranium and two periungual fibromas. When aged 23 years she was first noted to have borderline hypertension (145/95 mmHg) and signs of renal insufficiency which, over the subsequent 10 years, gradually worsened: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated angiolipomas and cysts. Haemodialysis became necessary when serum creatinine level had risen to 9.0 mg/dl, creatinine clearance to 8 ml/min, with proteinuria of 2660 mg/24 h and metabolic acidosis (pH 7.17, base excess -8.1 mmol). She had no mental retardation nor other neurological deficits and is scheduled to have renal transplantation. There were no hamartomas in other organs.
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PMID:[Terminal kidney insufficiency in tuberous sclerosis]. 775 11

A 57-year-old man, treated with immunosuppressive drugs for 3 months after a heart transplantation, developed a painful swelling of the left upper leg and fever. Needle biopsy of the lesion obtained pus from which Nocardia farcinica was cultured. Azathioprine treatment was discontinued and the dosage of cyclosporine reduced. Following antibiotic sensitivity tests, imipenem (4 g/d intravenously) and amikacin (1 g/d intravenously) were administered and the abscess split open. Although the fever responded and dissemination of the infection was excluded the response to treatment was not satisfactory. The drug dosages were repeatedly reduced in response to a rise in serum creatinine concentration to 3.4 mg/dl, deafness, double vision and generalized seizures: the local lesion got worse, but further surgical intervention then brought improvement. After 7 weeks of administration of the above antibiotics, treatment was changed to doxycycline (100 mg/d by mouth). 3 months later computed tomography could no longer demonstrate the lesion.
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PMID:[Primary cutaneous Nocardia farcinica infection following heart transplantation]. 792 19

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 37 children with Escherichia coli O157:H7-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The infection was traced to contaminated hamburgers at a fast-food restaurant chain. Within 5 days of the first confirmed case, the Washington State Department of Health identified the source and interrupted transmission of infection. Ninety-five percent of the children initially had severe hemorrhagic colitis. Nineteen patients (51%) had significant extrarenal abnormalities, including pancreatitis, colonic necrosis, glucose intolerance, coma, stroke, seizures, myocardial dysfunction, pericardial effusions, adult respiratory disease syndrome, and pleural effusions. Three deaths occurred, each in children with severe multisystem disease. At follow-up two children have significant impairment of renal function (glomerular filtration rate < 80 ml/min/per 1.73 Hm2); both of these children have a normal serum creatinine concentration. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children, and this experience emphasizes the systemic nature of this disease. Clinicians should anticipate that multisystem involvement may occur in these patients, necessitating acute intervention or chronic follow-up. This outbreak of Hemolytic-uremic syndrome also highlights the microbiologic hazards of inadequately prepared food and emphasizes the importance of public health intervention in controlling Hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
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PMID:Escherichia coli O 157:H7-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome after ingestion of contaminated hamburgers. 793 69

Congenital duodenal webs are rare lesions, usually detected during early infancy because of signs of high intestinal obstruction. The occasional patient escapes both symptoms and detection until adolescence or adulthood. This report concerns two cases of congenital duodenal web at different ages and with different clinical manifestations. Case 1, a six-month-old male, was admitted because of abdominal distention and vomiting. Case 2, a 13-year-old boy, was referred here for further evaluation of recurring seizure attacks, elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine and hyponatremia. Duodenotomy and excision of the web performed for both patients. Complete amelioration of all symptoms was then observed at Outpatient Clinic follow-up for one year.
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PMID:Congenital duodenal web in late infancy and childhood: a report of two cases. 803 46


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