Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An immunoepidemiological survey for cysticercosis was carried out in an endemic focus of Irian Jaya by use of a counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) technique. All individuals with palpable subcutaneous cysticerci were serologically positive by this technique as were 77.3% of the individuals giving a history of epileptiform seizures and 22.5% with no clinical complaints. The possible application of CIEP for epidemiological surveillance is discussed.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1977 Sep
PMID:Observations on the application of counterimmunoelectrophoresis for the seroepidemiology of human cysticercosis. 60 20

With EEG-interval analysis we studied the influence on C.N.S. of some drugs normally used for cardiovascular diseases: carbochromen, pentetrazole, beta-methyldigoxin and Strophantin-K. All investigated drugs induced activation of alpha-waves, especially in frontal areas with primary small alpha-activity. Dominant alpha-frequency was accelerated. These results confirm the direct and stimulating effects of these drugs on C.N.S. in therapeutic doses. Alpha-acceleration may not only indicate psychostimulation but also indicate epileptogenic effects. All these drugs may provoke epileptic seizures in toxic doses.
Pharmakopsychiatr Neuropsychopharmakol 1977 Sep
PMID:[Quantitative EEG analysis of the effects of carbocromen, pentetrazole, beta-methyldigoxin, and strophantin-K in normal human volunteers (author's transl)]. 61 28

The kindling of amygldaloid and cortical seizures in cats was used to study the prophylactic effects of phenobarbital, phenytoin, ethosuximide, acetazolamide, and dexamethason. Phenobarbital prevented the evolution of such seizures beyond stage 4 in all amygdaloid-kindling animals during 160 days of study. The prophylactic effect persisted on periodic challenge after the drug had been discontinued. Phenytoin, ethosuximide, acetazolamide, and dexamethasone appeared to have no prophylactic effect against the development of kindled amygdaloid seizures. With cortical kindling, both phenobarbital and phenytoin retarded the evolution of seizures without achieving true prophylaxis. The drugs appeared to act as suppressants. Prophylaxis was not an "all-or-none" phenomenon but rather a limitation of the stage of seizure evolution.
Ann Neurol 1977 Sep
PMID:Pharmacological prophylaxis against the development of kindled amygdaloid seizures. 61 67

Phenytoin has traditionally been used for both prophylaxis and acute treatment of alcohol withdrawal seizures. With the exception of a well defined subgroup of withdrawing patients, this may not be appropriate. Chronic anticonvulsant therapy is not indicated without evidence of another underlying seizure diathesis.
South Med J 1978 Sep
PMID:Rational management of alcohol withdrawal seizures. 68

To investigate pretreatment patient variables that might correlate with dose-response characteristics of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and treatment outcomes, 14 patients were assessed on a daily basis, before and during treatment, using self-report affective scales, three simple paper-and-pencil tests of cognitive function,and finger-tapping speed. From these data, dose-response ratios and treatment outcome measures were derived. The dose-response ratio of ECT was found to correlate with age--the younger the patient, the more favorable the ratio. This finding is discussed in terms of the known relationships between brain monoamine oxidase levels and age, and the established relationship between seizure duration and treatment efficacy. The dose-response ratio over the first two electroconvulsive treatments as well as lesser degrees of initial congnitive and greater degrees of initial affective impairment correlated strongly with greater overall affective improvement. Some clinical and research implications of these findings are discussed.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978 Sep
PMID:The dose-response ratio in electroconvulsive therapy a preliminary study. 68 73

We determined zinc, copper, magnesium, and calcium concentrations by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in the plasma of 30 patients hospitalized for treatment of seizures during a period of alcohol withdrawal. Those patients who developed delirium tremens or a prolonged hallucinatory state had significantly higher plasma copper concentrations (P = 0.026), significantly lower zinc concentrations (P = 0.004), and significantly higher copper/zinc ratios (P = 0.001) than the patients who recovered uneventfully. Zinc deficiency may be one of the factors that contribute to the neurologic complications of alcoholism. A determination of the plasma copper/zinc ratio early in the course of alcohol withdrawal could be of value in indicating which patients have the most substantial underlying disease or metabolic imbalance and therefore may be at greatest risk of developing delirium tremens or prolonged hallucinosis.
Clin Chem 1978 Sep
PMID:Plasma calcium, copper, magnesium, and zinc concentrations in patients with the alcohol withdrawal syndrome. 68 16

The clinical picture of Reye's syndrome, characterized by an acute severe disease of brain and liver, initially has nonspecific generalized symptoms with cough, myalgia, and fever. The prognosis is poor. The disease starts with an infection, quickly followed by vomiting and loss of consciousness. In this phase the serum bilirubin is moderately raised, the transaminases markedly so. In addition to gastro-intestinal bleeding there may be hypoventilation, hypoglycaemia and seizures. Morbid anatomically there is a small-drop fatty infiltration of the liver and other organs with cerebral oedema. Aetiology and pathogenesis remain uncertain. Numerous therapeutic measures have been proposed.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1978 Sep 15
PMID:[Reye's syndrome in adults (author's transl)]. 68 69

Prostaglandin E1 was administered to 12 neonates and young infants in whom pulmonary or systemic blood flow was entirely or significantly dependent upon persistent patency of the ductus arteriosus. Nine neonates responded favorably to PGE1 infusion; their mean age was 2.8 days. Three infants who failed to respond were 10 days, 14 days, and 9 weeks of age, respectively. Six neonates with right ventricular outflow obstruction had a mean increase in arterial PO2 of 136% following administration of PGE1. In three patients in whom systemic flow was ductus dependent, PGE1 infusion was followed by improvement in arterial blood pressure, peripheral perfusion, and urine output. Complications included pyrexia, vasodilatation, and myoclonic jerks (or focal seizures). Three side effects were easily reversible by decreasing the infusion rate or altering the site of administration. PGE1 is a highly effective agent in stabilizing critically ill neonates with ductus dependent congenital cardiac lesions.
J Pediatr 1978 Sep
PMID:Administration of prostaglandin E1 in neonates with critical congenital cardiac defects. 69 Jul 72

To ensure prolonged survival, dogs with cyclic neutropenia should be protected against bacterial infection of exogenous or endogenous origin, particularly during the neutropenic episodes. One of the methods available to minimize the risk of infection in these dogs, is selective decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract by using antibiotics and/or chemotherapeutic agents, in conjunction with housing in a laminar-flow cabinet. Two pregnant bitches, some of the offspring of which were expected to be homozygous for the cyclic neutropenia allele, were decontaminated with nalidixic acid. Fourteen days after initiation of the antibacterial treatment, the two dogs died. Jaundice and seizures had been apparent in both animals prior to death. Histopathological examination revealed changes primarily in the liver, which were consistent with toxic hepatic necrosis and were characterized by severe centrilobular haemorrhage and disappearance of hepatocytes. Multiple haemorrhages were observed in other organs. Further clinical investigation in two other dogs strongly suggested that nalidixic acid was the cause of death in the two pregnant bitches.
Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 1978 Sep 01
PMID:[Nalidixic acid intoxication in two pregnant bitches (author's transl)]. 69 76

The estimation of antiepileptic drugs in plasma is an indispensble resource in the handling of seizure patients in many countries. Using our results, simple methods for the estimation of antiepileptic drugs are discussed.
Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm 1978 Sep
PMID:The estimation of drug plasma levels in epileptics. 70 Sep 12


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