Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 14-year-old patient with a right parietal arteriovenous malformation presented with seizures characterized by metamorphopsia of faces. Unlike adults with right hemisphere pathology she performed like an age matched control on a task requiring recognition of unfamiliar faces. This likely reflects maturational changes in hemispheric dominance for face recognition.
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PMID:Epileptic facial metamorphopsia. 400 10

We report a case of visual presevertation in a 67-year-old man. He had been well until 66 years of age when he had brain hemorrhage in the right occipital lobe. After an operation for removal of the hematoma, visual hallucination occurred and persisted for about 6 months. One year and a half later, he had a convulsive seizure and diphenylhydantoin was started. During the two weeks following the convulsion, he several times experienced episodes of visual preservation, visual hallucination and metamorphopsia. MRI revealed an old hemorrhage in the right occipital lobe. 123I-IMP SPECT demonstrated increase of cerebral blood flow of the right medial occipital lobe one day after the episode of visual perseveration and decrease about three weeks after the episode. The mechanism which causes visual perseveration still remains to be clarified. The findings of 123I-IMP SPECT of the present case suggest that visual perseveration may be generated by postictal transient functional excitation of the right occipital lobe.
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PMID:[123I-IMP SPECT findings of visual perseveration in a patient with old hemorrhage in the right occipital lobe]. 799 91

Fourteen children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis admitted to our pediatric department during the period 1988 to 1998 were collected and reviewed to characterize the clinical, laboratory and neuroradiological findings. There were 7 boys and 7 girls. The age of onset ranged from 10 months to 14 years. Among them, 5 patients belonged to Alice in Wonderland syndrome, 5 were diagnosed as acute viral encephalitis, 1 presented with acute meningoencephalitis followed by cerebellitis, the remaining 3 cases attributed to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. The main symptoms were fever (43%), seizure (36%), bizarre behavior (31%), headache (21%) and metamorphopsia (36%). The presenting signs included altered consciousness (50%), meningeal sign (14%), bulbar sign (14%), cerebellar sign (7%), and cranial nerve palsy (7%). Classic findings of infectious mononucleosis were obscure. The laboratory data showed the existence of atypical lymphocyte in only one case but positive serology for EBV infection in all patients. Pleocytosis was found in 3 (30%) of 10 patients examined. Eight (67%) of 12 patients had nonspecific electroencephalographic changes in the acute stage. Computed tomography (CT) scans were abnormal in 2 (40%) of 5 patients tested; while magnetic resonance image (MRI) disclosed lesions in 5 (56%) of 9 patients, with abnormal signals in various parts of the brain. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain scan showed abnormal perfusion lesions in 3 (75%) of 4 patients studied. The results demonstrate the diversity of neurological manifestations of EBV encephalitis. EBV should be considered in any acute neurological illness of uncertain etiology in the pediatric population. While MRI remains the image of choice in EBV encephalitis, SPECT detects the abnormal perfusion more precisely in a substantial number of patients.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis in children. 1092 May 47

A 78-year-old right-handed man with idiopathic orthostatic hypotension and a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis presented over 2 years with recurrent, stereotyped attacks of bilateral limb shaking and metamorphopsia, which were precipitated by standing more than 3 or 4 minutes, or walking a few meters. These symptoms would resolve upon squatting or lying down and did not occur spontaneously at rest. He did not lose consciousness during the attacks. Speech, power, and sensation were preserved during these attacks. He had no history of seizures or habit of smoking. On examination, his supine blood pressure was 110/60 mmHg, and 62/27 mmHg on standing, with the pulse rate being 61/min and 66/min, respectively. Although he showed orthostatic hypotension, he did not complain of fainting or lightheadedness on standing alone. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed mild periventricular white matter changes and multiple small ischemic lesions bilaterally in the cerebral deep white matter. An electroencephalogram (EEG) showed mild, generalized slowing of nonspecific feature. EEG monitoring during a limb shaking episode showed no epileptiform abnormalities. Cerebral angiogram revealed a moderate degree of stenosis of the left internal carotid and a mild degree of stenosis of the right internal carotid, the right vertebral arteries and the left vertebral arteries. A single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed a moderate compromise of perfusion of the left internal carotid territory. After managing both hypotension and orthostatic hypotension with antihypotensive medication and levothyroxine sodium, his symptoms dramatically disappeared. Thus, we diagnosed that transient hemodynamic insufficiency due to combination of vascular stenosis and hypotension was the cause of these symptoms. Limb shaking is a well-described presentation of carotid artery occlusive disease and is usually unilateral. Bilateral limb shaking is rare and only 2 cases have been reported. Metamorphopsia is also a rare symptom of vertebrobasilar ischemia. We suggest that bilateral limb shaking correlates with hypoperfusion in the anterior border zones and metamorphopsia with that in the posterior border zones of both hemispheres. Hemodynamic TIA should be considered as a cause of movement disorders affecting four limbs.
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PMID:[Orthostatic hypotension with repeated bilateral limb shaking and metamorphopsia. A case of hemodynamic transient ischemic attacks]. 1108 97

Metamorphopsia is a type of visual illusion, which has been reported as a rare ictal manifestation. The patient presented with a simple partial status epilepticus characterised by continuous facial metamorphopsia, intermittently accompanied by elementary visual hallucinations or other types of visual illusions. Subtraction single-photon emission computed tomography images showed an increased perfusion in the ventrolateral aspect of the right temporo-occipital junction (middle and inferior occipital, and inferior temporal gyri). The result suggests that the anatomical substrate involved in the generation of ictal facial metamorphopsia is located in the visual association areas at the right temporo-occipital junction.
Seizure 2004 Jun
PMID:Single-photon emission computed tomography in a patient with ictal metamorphopsia. 1512 Nov 35

We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with cystic meningioma; this patients was otherwise healthy and experienced formed visual hallucinations after excision of the tumor. She experienced diplopia associated with metamorphopsia, which had persisted for 5 years only when she laid down and turned on her left side. After the excision of the convexity meningioma located in the right temporoparietal lobe, she experienced several types of formed visual hallucinations such as closet-like pictures, flowers sketched on stones, falling maple-like leaves, and moving or wriggling dwarves. She was alert and her visual field was normal; further, she did not experience delirium or seizures. She experienced these hallucinations only when she closed her eyes; these hallucinations persisted for 3 days after the operation. The patient illustrated her observations with beautiful sketches, and the mechanism of visual hallucinations was studied.
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PMID:[Formed visual hallucination after excision of the right temporo parietal cystic meningioma--a case report]. 2071 38

We describe a 7-year-old boy with Alice in Wonderland syndrome associated with Lyme disease. He presented with metamorphopsia and auditory hallucinations in the absence of previous tick bites or other signs of Lyme disease. The boy never developed clinical seizures, and electroencephalograms during these spells indicated no epileptic activity. There was no history of migraine. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging produced normal results. Lyme serology tested positive in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid. He was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone for 3 weeks, with complete resolution of signs. This case report is the first, to our knowledge, of neuroborreliosis presenting as Alice in Wonderland syndrome with complete resolution of findings after intravenous antibiotic treatment.
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PMID:Lyme neuroborreliosis presenting as Alice in Wonderland syndrome. 2235 96

The current study describes the case of a woman with symptomatic epilepsy due to brain cysticercosis acquired during childhood. During her adolescence, she developed seizures characterized by metamorphopsia, hallucinations of autobiographic memory and, finally, asomatognosia. Magnetic brain imaging showed a calcified lesion in the right occipitotemporal cortex, and positron emission tomography imaging confirmed the presence of interictal hypometabolism in two regions: the right parietal cortex and the right lateral and posterior temporal cortex. We discuss the link between these brain areas and the symptoms described under the concepts of epileptogenic lesion, epileptogenic zone, functional deficit zone, and symptomatogenic zone.
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PMID:Visual hallucinations of autobiographic memory and asomatognosia: a case of epilepsy due to brain cysticercosis. 2530 Dec 52

We report a 65-year-old man who was diagnosed with focal status epilepticus generating a dreamy state, delusions with anxiety, complex audiovisual hallucinations, elementary auditory hallucinations, and metamorphopsia with a growing large lateral temporal lobe lesion. After administrating anti-seizure drugs, all the symptoms disappeared, and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed ipsilateral hippocampal sclerosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to present all the symptoms in one epilepsy case. On the basis of semiology, electroencephalography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging, we speculated that epileptic activities that have originated from the lateral lesion might have propagated to the ipsilateral mesial temporal lobe, causing hippocampal sclerosis.
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PMID:Dreamy State, Delusions, Audiovisual Hallucinations, and Metamorphopsia in a Lesional Lateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Followed by Ipsilateral Hippocampal Sclerosis. 3154 5