Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

36 children aged 7 +/- 4 years with suspected seizure disorders had insufficient routine EEGs. After 54 long term EEG registrations the diagnosis and therapy had to be changed in 12 children, in 7 of them the frequency of epileptiform attacks therefore decreased. In 3 children with marked attention deficit in history during daytime and nighttime bedwetting the long term EEG showed mainly very short 3/sec spike and wave discharges (duration 0.5-2 sec). It is discussed that these bursts are EEG equivalents of attention deficit and bedwetting respectively, which disappeared by anticonvulsive treatment. Because the application of this method is very tedious we recommend the use of long term EEG recordings in children only under the following circumstances: 1. suspected attacks of seizures or episodic disturbances of behaviour and/or attention and/or enuresis at least twice a week; 2. lack of three conclusive routine EEG recordings despite of provocation procedures with full cooperation of the patient; 3. follow-up when initially abnormal. Our results are in favour of the more frequent use of a long term EEG in children having the above mentioned episodic disturbances.
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PMID:[Long-term ambulatory EEG in pediatrics. Possibilities and limitations]. 318 57

Epileptic discharges in the EEG record may be found in children not suffering from convulsive seizures. Such discharges often consist of spiking in the rolandic and midtemporal areas (labelled centrotemporal spikes) and less often in the occipital region. They may be multifocal. These focal discharges seem to be age-dependent, tending to disappear during the teenage years. Children displaying such discharges are discovered either through large-scale EEG studies of asymptomatic children or among those who are referred for EEG because of various nonrelated complaints such as headaches, bed-wetting, syncope, behaviour problems, and learning difficulties. Many of them are labelled as suffering from "masked epilepsy" and are considered as epileptics. One hundred such cases are reviewed, and the clinical and EEG data are analysed. Three illustrative case reports are presented, and the literature is critically reviewed. It is maintained that these children are not to be considered as epileptic and should not be treated with anticonvulsant drugs.
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PMID:Focal epileptic EEG discharges in children not suffering from clinical epilepsy: etiology, clinical significance, and management. 679 52

Primary nocturnal enuresis is one of the most frequent complaints in paediatric and urologic practice. Physicians face the dilemma of whether or not to treat primary nocturnal enuresis since the trend towards spontaneous remission is countered by social disadvantages and reduced self esteem of the children affected and their families. We reviewed randomised, controlled trials investigating efficacy and adverse effects of current medical treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis. Only desmopressin and imipramine displayed significant effects in reducing wet nights: when compared with baseline bedwetting or placebo controls, 30-70% of the studied children achieved therapeutic success. For drugs such as indometacin or oxybutynin, convincing studies displaying a significant positive effect are still needed. However, considering the adverse effects profiles of desmopressin and imipramine it can be seen that imipramine is associated with about twice as many unwanted reactions. More importantly, a serious adverse effect of imipramine is sudden cardiac arrest. In general, adverse effects with desmopressin are rare and mild, but there have been a number of case reports of hyponatraemic hypervolaemia associated with coma and seizures. Of these, many cases were attributed to excess water intake before taking the drug and all children recovered fully. In summary, if medical treatment is considered, preference should be given to desmopressin.
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PMID:Comparative tolerability of drug treatment for nocturnal enuresis in children. 1535 Jan 55

Background. Nocturnal enuresis refers to an inability to control urination during sleep. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and its associated factors in children in the city of Khorramabad. Materials and Methods. In this descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional study, 710 male and female children were divided into two groups with equal numbers. The samples were selected from the schools of Khorramabad using the multistage cluster and stratified random sampling methods based on the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV. The data was analyzed using the logistic regression. Results. The results showed that 8% of the children had nocturnal enuresis, including 5.2% of primary nocturnal enuresis and 2.8% of secondary nocturnal enuresis. The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in the boys (10.7%) was higher compared with that in the girls (5.4%) (P = 0.009). There were statistically significant relationships between nocturnal enuresis and history of nocturnal enuresis in siblings (P = 0.023), respiratory infections (P = 0.036), deep sleep (P = 0.007), corporal punishment at school (P = 0.036), anal itching (P = 0.043), and history of seizures (P = 0.043). Conclusion. This study showed that the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in the boys was higher compared with that in the girls.
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PMID:Prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and its associated factors in primary school and preschool children of khorramabad in 2013. 2537 8