Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We observed acute onset of delayed psychosis in 8 patients 1 month to 11 years after right temporoparietooccipital (TPO) stroke or trauma. The psychotic disorder included hallucinations and, in some patients delusions and agitation. All patients had spatioconstructional difficulties. None had an earlier psychiatric disorder. Seven of eight patients had clinical seizures, often in close temporal relationship to the psychosis. The pathophysiology of the psychosis may be related to that of the epilepsy.
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PMID:Delayed psychosis after right temporoparietal stroke or trauma: relation to epilepsy. 680 40

We have described three patients who illustrate the broad clinical spectrum of quinacrine-associated neuropsychiatric disturbances. The toxic manifestations range from subtle changes of restlessness, insomnia, hyperirritability to frank psychosis and seizures. These symptoms may follow only a few doses of the drug, or they may occur well after the drug has been discontinued. Our patients reemphasize the importance of recognizing the variability of quinacrine-induced toxic reactions.
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PMID:Quinacrine-induced psychiatric disturbances. 706 14

Before treatment 80 unselected patients suffering from delirium tremens were examined with regard to 13 psychopathological criteria. For the data a matrix of correlation was computed and it was factor analyzed according to the principal-component method. In consideration of the course of the value-curve two factors were interpreted. The result, however, is an undetailed classification. In addition to that, the data were cluster-analyzed according Ward. The results of the multivariate statistical analysis admit the assumption of two great, though heterogenous groups of symptoms (hallucination/vigilance). Factor I comprises the symptoms, disorder of orientation and consciousness, sweating, agitation and tremor on its positive pole, the duration of the delirant state on its negative pole. Factor II combines paranoid-hallucinatory symptoms, fearful affects and suggestibility on its positive pole, while on its negative, there are happy affect and grand-mal seizures. The bipolarity of this factor and additional diagnoses show that paranoid-hallucinatory symptoms without disorder of consciousness and grand-mal seizures mutually exclude each other. From this a differential therapy treating patients suffering from paranoid-hallucinatory symptoms with neuroleptics (e.g. Haloperidol) can be deduced, while the danger of grand-mal seizures has to be considered when disorders of consciousness appear.
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PMID:[Principle factors and symptom complexes in delirium tremens, factor and a group analytic study]. 717 1

"T's and B's" is the street name for the combination of pentazocine and tripelennamine. This combination of drugs has emerged as a major intravenous substitute for heroin in recent years, especially in the Midwest. 104 cases involving 82 patients over a 9-month period were seen at St. Elizabeth Medical Center in Dayton, Ohio. Abscesses and cellulitis were seen in 39% of cases. A characteristic drug reaction involved 38% of cases, and consisted of chest pain, agitation, anxiety, muscle spasms, dizziness, diaphoresis, and nausea as well as other symptoms. Seizures, syncope, and near-syncope were seen in 15% of cases, and a previously described pulmonary reaction involved 38% of cases, and consisted of chest pain syndrome was seen in 4% of the cases.
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PMID:"T's and B's"-Midwestern heroin substitute. 731 93

We studied the clinical features, blood levels of cyclosporine, and neuroimaging findings in 46 patients with cyclosporine neurotoxicity after liver transplantation. The clinical presentation of cyclosporine neurotoxicity was characterized by tremulousness and restlessness in all patients and was associated with acute confusional state and psychosis in 20 patients, seizures in eight, speech apraxia or action myoclonus speech in three, and cortical blindness in two. In 35 patients, cyclosporine neurotoxicity occurred during IV treatment. Neuroimaging studies showed only minor white matter abnormalities in two patients despite dramatic clinical presentations, including speech difficulties, seizures, and cortical blindness. In only 19 of 31 patients (61%) did trough levels of cyclosporine suggest neurotoxicity. Neurologic findings were reversible in all patients after cyclosporine was withheld and then given in lower dosage. In three patients, substituting FK 506 did not result in neurotoxicity.
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PMID:Neurotoxicity in liver transplant recipients with cyclosporine immunosuppression. 750 Nov 41

We report FK506-induced neurotoxicity in 14 of 44 consecutive patients following orthoptic liver transplantation. In 10 of these 14 patients, postural hand tremors were found in the first weeks following surgery, transient apraxia of speech in 3, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures were noted in 2 patients. Other manifestations included nightmares, agitation, and acute delirium. Reduction of the FK506 dose resulted in resolution of symptoms, but in 1 patient mild speech difficulties and in 3 patients a fine tremor remained. Blood and plasma levels of FK506 were similar in patients with and without neurotoxicity. FK506 neurotoxicity in patients with liver transplantation commonly results in transient neurological manifestations. The incidence of neurotoxicity in FK506 is dramatically reduced in maintenance doses of 0.075 mg/kg twice a day.
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PMID:FK506-induced neurotoxicity in liver transplantation. 751 20

Palliative therapy aims at increasing the quality of life in patients with a terminal illness. This article provides an overview of the available therapeutic options for the most important symptoms occurring in late-stage neurological disease, including restlessness, drowsiness, death-rattle, shortness of breath, pain, seizures, raised intracranial pressure, thirst and hunger.
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PMID:[Palliative therapy in neurology]. 751 18

The relation between hypoxia/ischemia and subsequent alterations in seizure susceptibility in developing brain remains unclear. We assessed the behavioral and electrocorticographic (ECoG) effects of hypoxic/ischemic brain damage on bicuculline (BIC)-induced seizures in 7-day postnatal rats, and determined maturational changes in seizure susceptibility, behavior and ECoG activity. Rat pups were subjected to unilateral common carotid artery ligation, followed by exposure to 8% O2 at 37 degrees C for 2 h, an insult that produces brain damage in the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to carotid artery occlusion. The experimental group consisted of rat pups previously subjected to hypoxia/ischemia; control littermates received neither arterial ligation nor systemic hypoxia. Experimental animals received 4, 5, or 6 mg/kg BIC subcutaneously (s.c.) at 2 and 24 h, and at 3, 7, and 21 days of recovery from hypoxia/ischemia. Two animals at each interval of recovery, 1 each from the experimental and control groups, were used for ECoG monitoring. After BIC injection, animal behavior was observed for 2 h. Behaviors and seizures were classified in five categories based on severity, duration, and character: 1, mild irritability; 2, few clonic seizures and agitation; 3, few tonic-clonic seizures with swimming movements; 4, frequent tonic-clonic seizures with apneic episodes; 5, continuous tonic-clonic seizures and death. Rat pups previously subjected to hypoxia/ischemia had lesser seizure susceptibility than controls at 2-h recovery (p < 0.05) and greater susceptibility than controls at 24 h (p < 0.05). Tonic seizures were prominent at 2 and 24 h in both the experimental and control groups, whereas lesion-sided circling was prominent only in the hypoxic/ischemic rat pups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of hypoxia/ischemia on bicuculline-induced seizures in immature rats: behavioral and electrocortical phenomena. 760 19

Papio-papio baboons may present two types of reflex paroxysmal manifestations: --Myoclonia and generalized seizures are induced by intermittent light stimulation in predisposed animals; this photosensitive epilepsy resembles that observed in some human patients; it involves mainly the cerebral cortex during myoclonia which are accompanied by EEG paroxysmal discharges, and the mesencephalic reticular formation during seizures; --Myoclonia of a different type, never accompanied by EEG paroxysmal discharged and never evolving into seizures, may occur during movement or agitation of predisposed animals; these myoclonia are considered "non-epileptic" since they do not involve the cerebral cortex but probably the lower brain stem; they resemble that observed in startle disease or in some human degenerative disorders. The paper demonstrates that these manifestations constitute two different entities with clinical and electrophysiological characteristics as well as pharmacological reactivities completely different one from the other. Their "epileptic" or "non-epileptic" nature is discussed.
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PMID:Reflex epilepsy in the Papio-papio baboon, particularly photosensitive epilepsy. 764 45

Effects of flumazenil (Ro 15-1788, CAS 78755-81-4) on ethanol withdrawal syndrome (EWS) has been investigated in rats. Behavioral EWS symptoms appeared during the first 6 h of ethanol withdrawal. Flumazenil (2.5 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) increased horizontal and vertical locomotor activity significantly and also precipitated abnormal gait and agitation at the beginning of EWS in a dose dependent manner. However, thereafter it reduced the severity of abnormal posture and gait, tail stiffness, agitation and stereotyped behavior in a dose dependent manner. At the 6th hour of EWS, flumazenil (10 mg/kg) reduced total EWS score significantly, but shortened the latency of audiogenic seizures and increased the severity of wet dog shakes. Flumazenil (2.5 and 10 mg/kg) did not elicit behavioral EWS symptoms and audiogenic seizures in non-dependent (control) rats. It did not cause any significant change on locomotor activities in these groups. According to those results, certain actions of flumazenil on the experimental EWS may suggest a potential beneficial effect of this drug in the treatment of EWS in alcoholics, but its enhancing effects on some behavioral EWS symptoms and a potential proconvulsant activity may be a drawback for its use in the treatment of EWS.
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PMID:Effects of flumazenil on ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats. 771 Apr 30


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