Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diphenylhydantoin sodium is a standard drug in the treatment of convulsive disorders. Numerous untoward reactions have been reported. Lymphadenopathy related to drug-induced hypersensitivity has occurred. A yound woman undergoing treatment for seizures developed a large, tender, localized neck mass, associated with trismus, spasmotic torticollis, fever, eosinophilia, and skin rash. She was thought to be suffering from a deep cervical fascial space abscess. Symptoms subsided rapidly after elimination of anticonvulsant medication.
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PMID:Localized cervical lymphadenopathy induced by diphenylhydantoin sodium. 80 90

Behavioural analyses have been made of effects brought about by both single and combined injections of dopamine, haloperidol, carbachol and atropine into the caput nuclei caudati of rhesus monkeys. High doses of dopamine produced the subsequent development of three types of behavioural changes: an increase in the number of skilled manipulation movements (the dynamic phase); the appearance of a dystonic torticollis (the dystonic phase); and, finally, the appearance of an oro-lingual-facial dyskinesia and a number of dyskinetic activities in the extremities (the dyskinetic phase); low doses of dopamine solely produced the dynamic phase. Haloperidol only inhibited the dopamine-induced dynamic and dystonic phase: it did not suppress the dyskinetic phase. High doses of carbachol produced the subsequent development of four phases: a dynamic, dystonic, dyskinetic and epileptoid phase; the last one was marked by the appearance of secondary generalized epileptic seizures. Low doses of carbachol solely produced the dynamic phase. Atropine inhibited the carbachol-induced dynamic, dystonic and epileptoid phase; it did not suppress the dyskinetic phase. High doses of dopamine strongly modified the carbachol-induced phases: dopamine intensified the dystonic phase on the one hand, but it abolished the generalized epileptic seizures on the other hand. Apart from the fact that the data presented have confirmed that both dopaminergic and cholinergic mechanisms within the basal ganglia of rhesus monkeys are involved in the elicitation and modulation of both normal and abnormal motor activities, they have also revealed that the simple concept of a stristal acetylcholine-dopamine "see-saw" has to be revised. Furthermore, the data have suggested that development of supersensitive dopamine-sensitive sites is not the only mechanism that underlies the elicitation of the oro-lingual-facial dyskinesia. And finally, the present experiments have given clearcut evidence that an intrastriatal acetylcholine-dopamine "see-saw" fulfils and essential role in the process involved in the generalization of epileptic seizures.
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PMID:The acetylcholine-dopamine balance in the basal ganglia of rhesus monkeys and its role in dynamic, dystonic, dyskinetic, and epileptoid motor activities. 115 71

An infant with congenital torticollis underwent chiropractic manipulation, and within a few hours had respiratory insufficiency, seizures, and quadriplegia. A holocord astrocytoma, with extensive acute necrosis believed to be a result of the neck manipulation, was found and resected. We believe that every child with torticollis, regardless of age, should undergo neurologic and radiologic evaluation before any form of physical treatment is instituted.
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PMID:Quadriplegia after chiropractic manipulation in an infant with congenital torticollis caused by a spinal cord astrocytoma. 173 25

Spasmodic torticollis, once thought to be psychogenic, is now recognized as an extrapyramidal movement disorder. A patient with onset of classical torticollis after closed head injury and intracranial hypertension is described. The patient had no clinical or radiologic evidence of brain stem dysfunction, but brain stem auditory evoked potentials suggested pontomesencephalic conduction disturbance ipsilateral to head and neck movements. This finding accords with some previous clinical and experimental evidence that pontomesencephalic structures ipsilateral to the movements may be involved in torticollis. The observation suggests that spasmodic torticollis may develop as a sequel to trauma in head-injured patients and should be differentiated from posttraumatic seizures.
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PMID:Spasmodic torticollis after closed head injury. 358 52

Lithium has been put to clinical trials in no less than fifteen neurological disorders. They are Huntington's chorea, tardive dyskinesia, spasmodic torticollis, Tourette's syndrome, L-dopa induced hyperkinesia and the "on-off" phenomenon in parkinsonism, organic brain disorders secondary to brain-injury, drug induced delusional disorders, migraine and cluster headache, periodic hypersomnolence, epilepsy, meniere's disease and periodic hypokalemic paralysis. This paper gives a brief summary of the clinical trials with lithium salts reported in the literature. There are encouraging results on the use of lithium in cluster headaches, cyclic form of migraine and hypomanic mood disorders due to organic brain disorders. The trials with lithium and amitriptyline in tardive dyskinesia needs independent confirmation. The effect of lithium on seizure disorders needs to be addressed too.
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PMID:A review of clinical trials of lithium in neurology. 624 Jun 62

We present four children with benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT) and a review of the literature. BPT appears to be a self-limited disorder that occurs predominantly in females. The attacks of head tilting usually start in infancy, may recur at varying intervals until the age of 1 to 5 years, and may be confused with other seizures. Other symptoms, such as ataxia and vomiting, may be associated with the attacks of torticollis. Less frequently, infantile migraine also may be associated.
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PMID:Benign paroxysmal torticollis in infancy. 670 34

A case of Sandifer syndrome is presented. It is similar to previously reported cases. The diagnosis may be overlooked if symptoms are mild. Neurologic disorders are often suspected. Infants or children with torticollis, dystonic posturing or atypical seizures should be evaluated for Sandifer syndrome, Exhaustive and expensive neurologic examinations may be unnecessary. Early diagnosis allows prompt treatment and resolution of the problem. Medical management is usually successful.
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PMID:Sandifer syndrome: a cause of torticollis in infancy. 765 73

This paper describes the signs of toxicity when seed-bearing flatpea (Lathyrus sylvestris L) hay is fed to sheep. Signs of intoxication (including seizure, muscular trembling and spasmotic torticollis) are similar to those observed for ammonia toxicity in ruminants. Accumulation of ammonia may be a direct consequence of flatpea ingestion, given that 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DABA, a toxic constituent of flatpea) is known to inhibit hepatic urea synthesis. However, other modes of toxicity for DABA as well as other flatpea toxins may also contribute to this process of intoxication. Our evidence suggests that ruminal microbes are responsible for flatpea detoxification and host animal protection. The adaptation of sheep to flatpea may be a consequence of enhanced ruminal detoxification activity. Ruminal protective functions can be disrupted, however, through abrupt monensin feeding or the replacement of nonadapted for adapted rumen contents. This disruption temporarily suppresses mechanisms of ruminal detoxification. As a consequence sheep can again be made vulnerable to flatpea intoxication.
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PMID:Flatpea intoxication in sheep and indications of ruminal adaptation. 847 Mar 53

We describe a case of infantile spasms associated with a chromosome abnormality (supernumerary inverted duplication of chromosome 15 [47,XX,+inv dup(15)]). The patient was nondysmorphic and presented with mild hypotonia and delay in acquisition of gross motor milestones before the diagnosis of seizures at age 7 months. Additional features included unilateral sensorineural deafness and torticollis. Molecular cytogenetic studies confirmed that the patient has a large inv dup(15). Inv dup(15) chromosomes are variable with respect to the size and genetic composition of the chromosome and in their phenotypic effects. Patients with small inv dup(15s) may have no phenotypic abnormalities, whereas patients with large inv dup(15s) may have multiple abnormalities. ACTH therapy resulted in prompt remission of seizures and resolution of EEG abnormalities. This is the second report of a patient with IS and a supernumerary inv dup(15). Several genes code for neurotransmitter receptor subunits located in the duplicated region of chromosome 15, and abnormal dosage of these genes may be involved in the genesis of seizure activity in carriers of the inv dup(15). Chromosome analysis may lead to a specific diagnosis in infants with unexplained infantile spasms.
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PMID:Infantile spasms associated with proximal duplication of chromosome 15q. 888 53

A 1.5-month-old boy with Sandifer's syndrome is described. After an uneventful delivery, he presented torticollis, seizure-like dystonic neck movements usually associated with feeding, episodic vomiting, inspiratory stridor and hand tremor in the first month of life. Barium esophagogram demonstrated gastroesophageal reflux, for which medical therapy was started. Children with torticollis and dystonic movements should be evaluated for Sandifer's syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux may prevent complications.
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PMID:A case of Sandifer's syndrome with hand tremor. 1176 69


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