Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

37 cases of cerebral hemispheric tumours are presented. These make up 23,1% of all the intracranial tumours observed over a period of 11 years in a Child Neurology Service. 19 cases were males and 18 females. Their ages were between 16 days and 7 1/2 years. Vomiting and headache were usually the first symptoms followed by seizures, frequently of the focal kind. Motor difficulties used to appear later. 69.6% of the cases presented a malfunctioning focus on the E.E.G. on the side of the tumor. The simple cranial X-Rays showed firstly widening of the fronto-parietal sutures, intracranial calcifications were seen in some of the cases with ependymonas and piloid astrocytoma in patients with Bourneville's disease. Pneumoencephalography as well as carotid angiography, radioisotope examination and computerized tomography gave us very positive results in the localization and determination of the size of the tumor. The ependymomas showed pathological vascularization regularly. The nature of the tumours corresponded to: 14 cases of ependymoma, 8 cases of astrocytoma I and II types, 1 case of astrocytoma of types III and IV, 3 cases of plexus papilloma, 2 cases of meningioma, 1 case of sarcoma of the basal ganglia, 1 case of teratoma, 3 cases of indifferentiated malignant tumours, 4 cases not proven. There was a 20% survival of patients five years later.
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PMID:[Cerebral tumours in infancy (author's transl)]. 90 Jun 62

Acute encephalopathy following treatment with ifosfamide and mesna was observed in 5 (4 women and 1 men) of 28 patients (17.8%), with advanced sarcoma, lymphoma or ovarian carcinoma. This appeared within 2 to 7 days following the first dose of ifosfamide treatment, and included mental status changes, urinary incontinence, weakness, seizure activity, altered consciousness and psychiatric manifestations. Three cases were fatal, while two patients recovered completely. Brain CT and morphometric studies were normal in all the patients. Associated findings were myelosuppression, renal failure and electrolyte alterations.
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PMID:Encephalopathy in ifosfamide-treated patients. 148 35

Acute changes in mental status (AMS) develop in children with cancer from a multitude of cancer- and treatment-related complications. To determine the incidence, etiology, and outcome of children with cancer who had AMS, the medical records of all children under 18 years of age with systemic cancer (excluding primary central nervous system tumors) who had AMS in our institution during the years 1981 through 1987 were reviewed. AMS developed in 89 of 815 children at risk (11%). The AMS was caused by seizures in 53 (60%), an encephalopathy in 24 (27%), and a stroke syndrome in 12 (13%). AMS occurred in 42 of 305 (14%) with leukemia, 16 of 139 (12%) with lymphoma, 14 of 136 (10%) with sarcoma, 10 of 104 (9%) with neuroblastoma, and 7 of 104 (5%) with other malignancies. Children with acute lymphocytic leukemia were more prone to having seizures (61%), while children with nonacute lymphocytic leukemia were almost equally likely to have encephalopathies, strokes, or seizures. Children with lymphoma were admitted for treatment most often with an encephalopathy (44%). Etiologies for AMS were evaluated vigorously, and one or more etiologies were identified in 80 of 89 (89%) patients. Dependent on the type of tumor, the anticancer treatment used and, timing during the course of illness AMS occurred, specific diagnoses were more likely. Neurologic morbidity and mortality were dependent on the cause of AMS. Children with seizures that were initially difficult to control were more likely to require long-term anticonvulsant therapy.
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PMID:Acute mental status changes in children with systemic cancer. 230 89

From 1980 to 1987, 162 consecutive children with soft tissue and osseous sarcoma were reviewed to determine the frequency and types of neurologic complications seen. Neurologic complications occurred in 43 of 162 (26.5%) patients. Children with poorly differentiated sarcomas and rhabdomyosarcoma were more likely to have neurologic complications, which occurred in 39% of patients at risk. The types of complications seen included: metastatic spinal cord compression (11%); symptomatic peripheral neuropathy (10%); intracranial metastatic disease (7.5%); seizures (6%); and acute and chronic methotrexate-related neurologic dysfunction (2.5%). Spinal cord compression frequently occurred early in disease whereas brain metastases was almost always a late finding. Symptomatic peripheral neuropathy occurred primarily in children with rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. The advent of increasingly successful therapies for children with sarcoma and the frequency of severe neurologic complications indicate that a heightened level of surveillance for neurologic compromise is required.
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PMID:Neurologic complications in children with soft tissue and osseous sarcoma. 255 41

Discussed is an 8-year-old girl with a history of convulsive seizures. A sharply demarcated tumor, measuring 3 X 4 cm, was located in the right frontal lobe. The mass grey and cystic in the center, and microscopic specimen demonstrated bizarre, irregular, giant cell with a long vesicular nuclei and spindle-shaped cell. A perivascular pseudo-rosette formation also was seen, and silver impregnation revealed reticulin network and extracellular collagen fibers. The pathological entity of an intracranial giant celled glioblastoma remains controversial. This entity is considered a giant celled glioblastoma by some and a monstrocellular sarcoma by others. In this that the authors experienced, a CT scan showed a ring that formed a high density area and low density in the center at the right frontal lobe. Also reviewed and discussed are the historical aspects of a giant celled glioblastoma and radiologic problems that have been encountered.
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PMID:[A giant cell glioblastoma--a case report]. 270 40

Thirty-six patients with measurable or evaluable advanced soft tissue sarcoma were entered in a phase II trial with PALA. Among the 27 evaluable patients, 15 were men, the median age was 55 yr (16-69) and the median performance status (Karnofsky) was 80 (50-100). Most patients had leiomyosarcoma (8), liposarcoma (3), neurofibrosarcoma (3), synovial cell sarcoma (3), or undifferentiated sarcoma (3). Indicator lesions consisted essentially of lung metastases (21) and/or soft tissue lesions (14). All patients had received prior chemotherapy with 1-5 regimens and 6 had achieved objective response with these previous treatments. PALA was given as a 60-min i.v. infusion at a daily dose of 2.5 g/m2 for two consecutive days. Courses were repeated every two weeks. A median number of 3 courses (2-17) were administered. Partial remission (greater than 50%) was obtained in one patient with a liposarcoma who had also responded to prior combination chemotherapy. This single response to PALA lasted 6 weeks from initiation of therapy. Four patients had unchanged disease after 6+ courses of PALA and 22 had progressive disease. Toxic effects were generally mild to moderate and included cutaneous toxicity (17), diarrhea (14), stomatitis (13), ocular manifestations, consisting of conjunctivitis, corneal ulceration and/or photophobia (11), nausea and vomiting (6) and, possibly, seizures (2). There was no evidence of drug-related myelosuppression. It is concluded that PALA given at the dose schedule selected for this trial has no significant antitumor activity in advanced soft tissue sarcoma previously treated with chemotherapy.
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PMID:N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate (PALA) in advanced soft tissue sarcoma: a phase II trial of the EORTC soft tissue sarcoma group. 621 62

An unusual mixed type of two primary malignant lymphomas in a 50-year-old woman is reported. The patient had been in good health until 4 months before her death, when she developed epileptic seizures and neurological symptoms attributed to a lesion of the brainstem. Pathologic examination revealed a circumscribed tumor mass in the right parietal lobe, which was shown microscopically to contain two different forms of malignant lymphoma. The histologic features of the peripheral part of the tumor were typical of a Burkitt-type lymphoma, while the central part showed the features of a reticulum-cell sarcoma. The cells of the latter type diffusely infiltrated both temporal lobes, the cerebellum, and the brainstem. It is concluded that in the absence of systemic involvement, the Burkitt-type lymphoma also could be derived from the primitive reticulum cells of perivascular sheaths.
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PMID:Burkitt-type lymphoma and reticulum-cell sarcoma. An unusual mixed form of two intracranial primary malignant lymphomas. 635 11

A 30 year old woman presented with a tumor of calvaria which had grown slowly over a period of 10 years. There was no history of symptoms other than an isolated episode of seizure. Infiltration of the scalp noted at physical examination and radiologic findings suggested the diagnosis slowly progressive sarcoma but the diagnosis of meningioma was established by histologic examination which also showed the important vascularization of the tumor (estimated blood loss was 300cm3). Taking into consideration the histologic benignity of the tumor and the complete thrombosis of the longitudinal sinus, removal of the lesion was planned after complete embolization of the vessels branching from the external carotid artery to supply the tumor. A two stage procedure was performed. During the first operative stage portion of the meningioma infiltrating the bone (800 g; 15 X 12 X 2 cm) and scalp was removed. In as second stage the intracranial "en plaque" meningioma was removed with no significant bleeding. The resected dura was replaced by combining a pericranial graft with a dermal graft. The cranial valt was restored with a bone homograft. The patient tolerated the procedure well and is in good health 18 months following surgery.
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PMID:[Giant intra-extracranial meningioma of the calvaria]. 639 30

This study investigated the toxicity and efficacy of busulfan-containing pre-transplant regimens in patients with solid tumors. The majority of these patients were also treated on protocols involving two transplant courses aiming at further reducing tumor burden. Between October 1984 and November 1993, we treated 44 patients with recurrent breast cancer (n = 28), sarcoma (n = 10) or ovarian cancer (n = 6) with one of two busulfan-containing regimens. All patients except two had measurable disease prior to transplantation. Twenty-one patients had not received chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Of the remaining 23 patients treated with standard-dose chemotherapy, 14 had progressive disease. Busulfan 16 mg/kg was paired with cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg (BuCY) or with etoposide 60 mg/kg (Bu-Vp). The Bu-Vp combination (32 courses) was used as the second preparative regimen in patients who had received thiotepa, carboplatin and cyclophosphamide for their first transplant. The BuCY regimen was used in 16 courses, either for single or for tandem transplant. Bone marrow cells only were used in 17 transplants and peripheral blood progenitor cells, with or without bone marrow, in 31 courses. Treatments were usually well tolerated. Common toxicities included mucositis, skin rash and veno-occlusive disease of the liver (fatal in two). One patient developed generalized seizures during busulfan therapy. Hematologic recovery was significantly accelerated with peripheral progenitor cells and permitted the administration of closely spaced tandem transplants. Two patients receiving sequential transplants with BuCY experienced severe long-term neurologic and pulmonary toxicity. Objective responses were noted in 26 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Busulfan-containing pre-transplant regimens for the treatment of solid tumors. 799 69

Sarcoma metastatic to the brain is uncommon and rarely occurs as the initial manifestation of tumor. Alveolar soft-part sarcoma, a rare but well studied subtype of a soft tissue sarcoma with a propensity for central nervous system invasion, presenting with brain metastases, has been reported only once previously. We report the case of a 28-year-old man who presented with partial seizures and who was found to have a homogeneously enhancing frontal lesion on a broad dural base disclosed by computed tomography. preoperatively, the lesion was thought to be a meningioma. The tumor was excised easily and had features typical of an alveolar soft-part sarcoma, which were revealed by light and electron microscopy as well as immunohistochemical analysis. Multiple lung nodules compatible with metastases were found on a chest film. Meningeal dissemination has been reported in a variety of sarcoma types, including rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma. We add alveolar soft-part sarcoma to this list and suggest that increased recognition of the propensity for these tumors to exhibit metastatic spread to the dura should eliminate diagnostic confusion and provide an earlier diagnosis of these rare lesions. The patterns of spread in metastatic sarcoma deserve further study.
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PMID:Metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma presenting as a dural-based cerebral mass. 812 54


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