Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A male infant is described who presented with persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia, responding to diazoxide treatment. However, this therapy was discontinued because of seizures as a consequence of disturbed water and electrolyte balance. Glucose homeostasis could only be maintained by subtotal pancreatectomy, which was performed at 3 8/12 years of age. He developed a severe thrombosis, whereon a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) was suspected. An abnormal transferrin isoelectric focusing pattern was found and the diagnosis of CDG Ia was confirmed by enzyme and molecular genetic analysis. This is the first patient with phosphomannomutase deficiency (McKusick 601785) described presenting with severe hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia.
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PMID:Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia--leading symptom in a patient with congenital disorder of glycosylation Ia (phosphomannomutase deficiency). 1191 19

Congenital disorder of glycosylation type I (CDG I) represent a rapidly growing group of inherited multisystem disorders with 13 genetically established subtypes (CDG Ia to CDG Im), and a high number of biochemically unresolved cases (CDG Ix). Further diagnostic effort and prognosis counselling are very challenging in these children. In the current study, we reviewed the clinical records of 10 CDG Ix patients and compared the data with 13 CDG Ix patients published in the literature in search for specific symptoms to create clinical subgroups. The most frequent findings were rather nonspecific, including developmental delay and axial hypotonia. Several features were found that are uncommon in CDG syndrome, such as elevated creatine kinase or arthrogryposis. Distinct ophthalmological abnormalities were observed including optic nerve atrophy, cataract and glaucoma. Two subgroups could be established: one with a pure neurological presentation and the other with a neurological-multivisceral form. The first group had a significantly better prognosis. The unique presentation of microcephaly, seizures, ascites, hepatomegaly, nephrotic syndrome and severe developmental delay was observed in one child diagnosed with CDG Ik. Establishing clinical subgroups and increasing the number of patients within the subgroups may lead the way towards the genetic defect in children with a so far unsolved type of the congenital disorders of glycosylation. Raising awareness for less common, non-CDG specific clinical features such as congenital joint contractures, movement disorders or ophthalmological anomalies will encourage clinicians to think of CDG in its more unusual presentation. Clinical grouping also helps to determine the prognosis and provide better counselling for the families.
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PMID:Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ix: review of clinical spectrum and diagnostic steps. 1850 May 72

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are an expanding group of inherited metabolic diseases with multisystem involvement. ALG6-CDG (CDGIc) is an endoplasmatic reticulum defect in N-glycan assembly. It is usually milder than PMM2-CDG (CDG-Ia) and so is its natural course. It is characterized by psychomotor retardation, seizures, ataxia, and hypotonia. In contrast to PMM2-CDG (CDGIa), there is no cerebellar hypoplasia. Cardiomyopathy has been reported in a few CDG types and in a number of patients with unexplained CDG. We report an 11 year old Saudi boy with severe psychomotor retardation, seizures, strabismus, inverted nipples, dilated cardiomyopathy, and a type 1 pattern of serum transferrin isoelectrofocusing. Phosphomannomutase and phosphomannose isomerase activities were normal in fibroblasts. Full gene sequencing of the ALG6 gene revealed a novel mutation namely c.482A>G (p.Y161C) and heterozygosity in the parents. This report highlights the importance to consider CDG in the differential diagnosis of unexplained cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:A novel mutation and first report of dilated cardiomyopathy in ALG6-CDG (CDG-Ic): a case report. 2039 63