Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a patient with occlusion of the internal carotid artery complicating Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. The etiology of this complication is discussed, along with its role in the acute seizures of meningitis, and in the chronic neurological residua of this infection.
 ...
PMID:Occlusion of the internal carotid artery complicating Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. 30 88

A dramatic decrease in mortality from Hemophilus influenzae meningitis has occurred in recent years. Morbidity and long-term sequellae remain significant problems. A follow-up investigation of 73 cases of H. influenzae meningitis seen over a three-year period revealed: 2 deaths, 6 children with major sequellae (retardation, spastic quadriplegia, blindness, persistent seizure disorder), 10 with minor residua, and 55 with no detectable disability. Statistical analysis of clinical parameters demonstrated a significant risk of death or major morbidity in those patients who, at the time of admission, had seizures, coma, hypothermia, shock, age less than 12 months, hemoglobin less than 11 gm/100 ml, pretreatment symptoms for longer than three days, a spinal fluid white blood cell count less than 1,000/cu mm, or a spinal fluid glucose value less than 20 mg/100 ml. Using these parameters, those patients at highest risk of having lasting major morbidity with H. influenzae meningitis can be predicted, allowing more vigorous intensive care which may reduce the mortality and morbidity further.
 ...
PMID:Prediction of morbidity in Hemophilus influenzae meningitis. 84 May 37

Rapid diagnosis of childhood bacterial meningitis (BM) is generally believed to be essential to avoid poor outcome. To see whether duration of illness before admission to hospital was related to the severity of illness, data from children with BM diagnosed in 18 paediatric hospitals in Finland from 1984 to 1989 were collected prospectively. We divided 286 cases with culture-positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into three groups: BM with a history of up to 24 h (short-history group, n = 141), of more than 24 h and up to 48 h (intermediate-history group, n = 75), and of more than 48 h (long-history group, n = 70). The longer the history, the better the clinical condition of the child. If symptoms or signs of BM lasted 48 h or less, the child did significantly worse, as judged by seven variables, than if the history was longer than 48 h (level of consciousness, p less than 0.001; seizures, p less than 0.01; CSF protein concentration, p less than 0.001; positive CSF gram-stain, p less than 0.01; positive blood culture, p less than 0.05 in Haemophilus influenzae meningitis; serum C-reactive protein, p less than 0.01 between intermediate-history and long-history groups; and urine sodium concentration, p less than 0.001). The differences were not affected by causative organism, sex, age, or preadmission oral antimicrobial agents. The findings show that if BM follows an insidious pattern of disease, diagnostic delay may be unavoidable, which may have medicolegal implications.
 ...
PMID:Severity of childhood bacterial meningitis and duration of illness before diagnosis. 167 83

In prospective studies, tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha) was detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 33 of 38 children with bacterial meningitis (BM) but in none of 15 with viral meningitis/encephalitis (P less than .001). BM CSF TNF alpha (less than 35 to greater than 25,500 pg/ml) correlated with CSF bacterial density (P less than .01), CSF protein (P less than .001), endotoxin (LPS) in gram-negative disease (P less than .01), and consecutive febrile hospital days (P less than .001); initial CSF TNF alpha greater than 1000 pg/ml was associated with seizures (P less than .05). Only 5 children with BM (13%) had detectable plasma TNF alpha activity on admission. A higher proportion who died had detectable plasma TNF alpha activity compared with survivors (3/4 vs. 2/34, P less than .005). Platelet-activating factor (PAF) in CSF was higher in 19 children with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis than in 17 controls (P less than .01) and correlated with bacterial density (P less than .01), CSF LPS (P less than .01), CSF TNF alpha levels (P less than .01), and the Herson-Todd severity score (P less than .01). Elevated CSF TNF alpha and PAF are often present in children with BM and are associated with seizures and severity of disease. Detectable CSF TNF alpha appears to distinguish BM from viral meningitis.
 ...
PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid cachectin/tumor necrosis factor-alpha and platelet-activating factor concentrations and severity of bacterial meningitis in children. 201 66

Of 207 patients with acute bacterial meningitis previously reported by Dodge and Swartz, seizures occurred in 56 (27%). Most seizures began on the first or second day, and most stopped within two days. Seizures occurred most often at the extremes of life. Age-adjusted seizure frequency was greater with Hemophilus influenzae meningitis than with Streptococcus pneumoniae or Neisseria meningitidis. When seizures complicated bacterial meningitis, age-corrected mortality increased from 24% to 38%. Though seizures after recovery were infrequent (2.7% of cases), recurrences were five times more frequent in patients who convulsed acutely than in those who did not. When focal seizures accompanied focal pathology (extracranial or intracranial), the seizures were usually not lateralized to the opposite side of the body. Of factors of potential importance in causation of seizures, fever was the most important risk factor regardless of patient age.
 ...
PMID:Seizures in bacterial meningitis: prevalence, patterns, pathogenesis, and prognosis. 393 45

Haemophilus influenzae meningitis are frequent in Africa in infants between 6 months and two years of age. Type b is observed in 97% of cases. In Dakar, 2% of strains are resistant to ampicillin and 0% to chloramphenicol. Lethality is about 30% and sequellae are very frequent. Prognosis can be predicted by a cotation scale including consciousness, tonus, seizures, nutritional status, delay before treatment and initial bacterial antigen level in CSF.
 ...
PMID:[Epidemiology and prognosis of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in Africa (901 cases)]. 634 41

We report a 14-month-male child, who developed Hemophilus influenzae meningitis after three primary doses of the vaccine. The child presented with fever and seizures. H. influenzae was isolated from both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. The child also had features of septicaemia. Procalcitonin (104 ng/ml) and C-reactive protein (CRP--42.6 mg/dl) were high. Appropriate antibiotics were given. The child made an uneventful recovery. This case highlights vaccine failure, especially after primary immunisation alone.
 ...
PMID:Hemophilus influenzae meningitis and septicaemia in a 14-month-old child after primary immunisation. 2556 25