Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Renal failure and its treatment are associated with a number of neurologic complications that must be differentiated from the nervous system complications of the disease leading to renal failure. Uremic encephalopathy is characterized by clinical signs of depressed brain function coexisting with excitation, often in the form of generalized epileptic seizures. Peripheral neuropathy, due to axonal involvement, is common and is characterized by ascending sensory and motor dysfunction. The treatment of renal failure also may lead to the development of neurologic abnormalities in the form of dialysis disequilibrium characterized by headache, nausea, irritability that may progress to seizures, coma, and death, which is caused by the entry of free water into the brain and swelling. Dialysis dementia, caused by the toxic effects of aluminum, is now rare. Renal transplant recipients may develop cerebrovascular disease, infections by opportunistic organisms, or malignant neoplasms, particularly primary lymphoma of the brain. As transplant recipients live longer and more operations are performed, additional complications may be seen in the future.
 ...
PMID:Neurologic complications of renal disease. 254 62

Uraemic encephalopathy (UE) is rarely associated with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease in domestic animals, and we now report the first case in a cat. The animal presented with hypothermia, apathy, lethargy, depression, severe dehydration, uraemic breath, elevated serum urea nitrogen and creatine concentrations, and eventual seizures and coma prior to death. Gross necropsy findings included severe bilateral renal scarring, ulcerative stomatitis and glossitis, and uraemic gastropathy. Microscopic lesions of diffuse interstitial fibrosis, multifocal mineralization and lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis were seen in the kidneys. There was symmetrical, bilateral spongy vacuolation of the white matter of the basal nuclei and cerebellum and Alzheimer type II astrocytes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Glial fibrillary acid protein immunolabelling was absent or faint in astrocytes of the cerebral grey matter. UE should be included in the differential diagnosis in animals with chronic kidney disease and neurological signs.
 ...
PMID:Uraemic Encephalopathy in a Persian Cat with Chronic Kidney Disease. 3322 66