Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like syndromes in children are most commonly associated with the administration of ethosuximide, diphenylhydantoin, and trimethadione. Five children receiving ethosuximide who presented with syndromes suggestive of SLE were studied. Each and fever, malar rash, arthritis, and lymphadenopathy. Two children had pleural effusions and another developed myocarditis and pericarditis. Three patients had anti-DNA antibodies associated with low serum C3. In four of five children symptoms disappeared with the discontinuation of ethosuximide; two of these continue to have antinuclear antibodies (ANA). One child continues to have active SLE with nephritis. A group of 101 children from a seizure clinic were tested for the presence of ANA. ANA were found in 14 of 70 children receiving ethosuximide and/or diphenylhydantoin; 2 of 14 had anti-DNA antibodies. Serum ANA titers in the drug-induced SLE group did not differ significantly from those of the asymptomatic seizure patients. ANA were also present in 5 of 23 children receiving phenobarbital only. The induction of ANA by phenobarbital is a possible hypothesis. Quantitative immunoglobulins and C3 were not significantly altered in the asymptomatic children with ANA. Follow-up studies at ten months showed no asymptomatic child with ANA to have developed clinical with ANA to have developed clinical evidence of SLE. This study suggests that asymptomatic children who develop ANA should have careful observation, but need not have their anticonvulsants discontinued.
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PMID:Antinuclear antibodies and lupus-like syndromes in children receiving anticonvulsants. 108 1

In autoimmune diseases, also called connective tissue diseases, many systems and organs are involved, including the central, peripheral and autonomic nervous system. The frequency of neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations varies in certain autoimmune diseases. One of the most common causes of these symptoms are vascular pathologies, including inflammatory and thrombotic, immunologic and atherosclerotic changes. Neuropsychiatric complications may present as a single symptom or might form a syndrome. In a particular patient, a syndrome might change its form in time, presenting itself as a different syndrome. Quite a lot of these symptoms are not a result of a disease itself but its treatment, metabolic abnormalities, arterial hypertension or infection. Steroids play a particular role in the induction of these complications. The role of increasingly used biological agents is uncertain. The most frequent psychiatric manifestations of the connective tissue diseases are: benign behavioural changes, emotional instability and sleep impairment. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are most frequently seen in systemic lupus erythematosus (up to 80% of these patients), particularly with the co-existent antiphospholipidsyndrome. Psychoses with or without seizures are included in the diagnostic criteria of the disease. A separate clinical problem is an induction of a synthesis of autoantiobodies by some drugs, including psychiatric drugs. These antibodies induce clinical symptoms of an autoimmune disease only in some patients, most frequently the symptoms of lupus erythematous, co called: drug induced lupus, including arthralgia, myalgia, fever, skin lesions and serositis. The diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric complications of autoimmune diseases is quite complicated. It is extremely important to distinguish whether a particular symptom is primary to the disease itself or secondary to its treatment. The most important recommendations are treatment of the underlying disease, its exacerbations and chronic phase, and prevention and treatment of vascular problems.
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PMID:[Psychiatric manifestations of autoimmune diseases--diagnostic and therapeutic problems]. 2347 44