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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sensorimotor responses to stimulation of the medical frontal and cingulate area were studied in seven unrestrained, unsedated patients who suffered from intractable seizures. Complex postural synergies involving the trunk and proximal extremities appeared contralaterally or occasionally bilaterally. Contraversive turning of head and eyes was not observed. Sensory responses from the supplementary motor area were referred contralaterally and focally; those from the cingulate gyrus were widely referred. Speech impairment from stimulation of the supplementary motor area showed striking similarities with that obtained from stimulation in the frontostriatal region or lateral aspect of the frontal lobe. The observations support the hypothesis that interference with striatal function may be the basis of speech inhibition produced by stimulation of the frontal lobe.
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PMID:Functional representation on the medial aspect of the frontal lobes in man. 124 8

Isolated aphasia with associated EEG epileptiform activity is a recognized syndrome in children. The relationship of the EEG abnormality and the type and severity of the speech impairment has not been well described. This relationship was studied in two children with severe expressive and receptive aphasia with generalized spike-wave discharges on EEG using prolonged EEG FM radiotelemetry and video recording (TEEG-VR). Speech was compared with 10 children with absence seizures with similar EEG abnormalities also evaluated using TEEG-VR. In addition, 43 cases of aphasia with epileptiform activity on the EEG reported in the English literature were reviewed. Speech abnormalities in absence seizures consisted of speech arrest, decreased speed of speech, and brief periods of partial or complete receptive and expressive aphasia, always directly associated with a spike-wave ictus. Speech abnormalities in acquired or congenital aphasia were not related to epileptiform activity and were characterized by severe articulation difficulties, syntactic transformation, paraphasia, and receptive and expressive aphasia. Anticonvulsants did not alter speech. Based on these two cases and the 43 others reviewed in the literature, it is proposed that epileptiform activity in this syndrome is an epiphenomenon reflecting underlying abnormalities of speech areas rather than the cause of the aphasia.
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PMID:Epileptiform activity in aphasia of childhood: an epiphenomenon? 617 24

We report a patient with mild pachygyria, ascertained during a screening of subjects with abnormal neuronal migration and/or epilepsy, having a 7q11.23 duplication reciprocal to the Williams-Beuren critical region (WBCR) deletion. He exhibited speech delay and mental retardation together to type II trigonocephaly and other abnormalities. The proband's mother carried the same imbalance, though her phenotype was milder and no abnormal conformation of the cranium was reported. She had suffered a few seizures in infancy, as already described in other duplicated subjects. This genomic imbalance, now described in 17 subjects, including one parent for each of the four probands, is associated with a variable phenotype. Speech impairment is present in most cases; no distinctive facial gestalt is recognizable; seizures have been reported in four subjects and brain magnetic resonance, performed in eight cases, resulted abnormal in six, while detected abnormal neuronal migration in two. Although the clinical description of additional cases is needed to delineate a definite phenotypic core for WBCR duplications, trigonocephaly, also reported in another dup(7)(q11.23) patient, is possibly a trait that, together with speech impairment, may call for clinically oriented specific screening. Abnormal development of the cerebral cortex, reported also in the Williams-Beuren deletion, suggests that at least one gene is present in the critical region whose deletion/duplication impairs neuronal migration.
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PMID:Dysmorphic features, simplified gyral pattern and 7q11.23 duplication reciprocal to the Williams-Beuren deletion. 1833 28

The distinct brain regions could be specifically involved in different languages and the differences in brain activation depending on the language proficiency and on the age of language acquisition. Speech disturbances are observed in the majority of temporal lobe complex motor seizures. Ictal verbalization had significant lateralization value: 90% of patients with this manifestation had seizure focus in the non-dominant temporal lobe. Although, ictal speech automatisms are usually uttered in the patient's native language, ictal speech foreign language automatisms are unusual presentations of non-dominent temporal lobe epilepsy. The release of isolated foreign language area could be possible depending on the pattern of ictal spreading of non-dominant hemisphere. Most of the case reports in ictal speech foreign language automatisms were men. In this case report, we observed ictal foreign language automatisms in middle age Korean woman.
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PMID:Unusual ictal foreign language automatisms in temporal lobe epilepsy. 2562 93