Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two patients are described who presented with seizures. Electrocardiogram revealed complete heart block with ventricular asystole lasting four to 10 seconds in each case. These Stokes-Adams episodes were controlled with temporary transvenous pacing. Although there was full clinical recovery in each case, both patients continue to have right bundle branch block (RBBB) and left anterior hemiblock (LAH) 1-1/2 years after their initial presentation.
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PMID:Complete heart block mimicking seizure disorder. 112 Mar 78

A patient with an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction complicated by bilateral bundle branch block and paroxysmal AV block is presented. The following new, uncommon or unreported phenomena were documented: the simultaneous occurrence of phase-3 block in the right bundle branch and phase-4 block in the left bundle branch; the simultaneous occurrence of phase-4 block in both main bundle branches; phase-4 left posterior hemiblock associated with escape beats arising from the injured posterior division of the left bundle branch; supernormal conduction in the right bundle branck and 2:1 right bundle branch block related to supernormality. Most of these changes were, of course, not simultaneous, and their successive appearance was related to day-to-day and sometimes hour-to-hour variations in the degree and quality of the multifascicular injury caused by the infarct. In addition, the actions of several drugs upon automaticity and conduction were tested. The effects of amiodarone, lidocaine and isoproterenol were similar to those previously reported under comparable circumstances. At a moment when the patient had repeated episodes of paroxysmal AV block with severe Adams-Stokes seizures, the administration of a single i.v. dose of 0.25 mg of strophanthin suppressed totally the Adams-Stokes attacks through a significant enhancement of ventricular automaticity. If rapid implantation of an artifical pacemaker is not at hand, strophanthin may be life-saving in patients with acute paroxysmal AV block.
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PMID:Electrophysiologic and pharmacologic studies in a patient with acute myocardial infarction complicated by intraventricular and atrioventricular block. 119 12

Tuberous sclerosis is a neurologic disease affecting various organs with a triade: sebaceum adenoma, mental retardation and seizures. This report presents a case of a patient with tuberous sclerosis and third degree A-V block with complete invasive and non-invasive evaluation. The patient had sincope and complete A-V block with QRS complexes showing right bundle branch block morphology. The echocardiogram showed dilated cardiomyopathy with diffuse left ventricular dysfunction and had normal coronary arteriography. The eletrophysiologic evaluation showed complete infra-hisian A-V block and QRS with left bundle branch block pattern with normal sinus nodal and A-V nodal function. It was not possible to induce ventricular tachtyarrhythmias up to two extrastimuli. Histologic study showed normal myocardium under light and electronic microscopy. After permanent VVI pacemaker implant, the patient in follow-up for 16 years. This case seems to be the first in the international medical literature of tuberous sclerosis with complete heart block.
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PMID:[Total A-V block due to tuberous sclerosis. A case report]. 262 81

The relative acute cardiovascular toxicity among three novel antidepressants: maprotiline, mianserin and nomifensine, has been assessed in conscious rabbits ip injected at 50 mg/kg, throughout a 150 min observation period. No death was observed in mianserin rabbits (n = 6), but 3 in the maprotiline rabbits (n = 8) and 1 death in the nomifensine group (n = 8), within the 2 hours. Cardiac output and renal blood flow were determined by the radioactive Sephadex microspheres method. Cardiac output values were significantly lowered (-29%) at 120 min only in mianserin rabbits, whereas renal blood flow values were reduced by 46.8% (mianserin, 35.8% (maprotiline) and 28% (nomifensine) at 120 min. In mianserin and maprotiline rabbits left ventricular pressure and mean arterial pressure fell significantly, but remained unchanged in nomifensine group. ECG disturbances consisting of ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles were seen in all the injected rabbits, but QRS widening and right bundle branch block were solely observed after maprotiline and mianserin. Nomifensine rabbits experienced severe seizures with hypocapnia and metabolic acidosis. The drug myocardial/plasma ratio ranged between 59.3 (maprotiline) 13.25 (mianserin) and 0.92 (nomifensine). A rise in plasma catecholamines (epinephrine) was documented after mianserin but not after nomifensin and maprotiline. Nomifensine exhibited much lesser cardiotoxicity than mianserin and maprotiline at this dose (50 mg/kg), but induced more convulsions.
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PMID:Relative acute cardiovascular toxicity induced by maprotiline, mianserin and nomifensine in conscious rabbits. 662 Apr 40

A case of rheumatoid arthritis with an involvement of the cardiac conduction system was described. The patient was a 65-year-old man who had a 15-year history of classical rheumatoid arthritis combined with an advanced atrioventricular (AV) block resulting in Adams-Stokes seizure. Prior to the occurrence of the AV block, a complete right bundle branch block with a left axis deviation and a first-degree AV block were found on an electrocardiogram (ECG). The histological examination of the conduction system according to the serial sectioning method disclosed that the branching portion of the His bundle and anterior fascicle of the left bundle branch were replaced by the scarring tissue and that the penetrating portion of the His bundle, the AV node and the right bundle branch had rheumatoid granulomatous lesions. The extent and localization of the lesions in the conduction system were well correlated with the findings on the ECG.
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PMID:An autopsy case of rheumatoid arthritis with an involvement of the cardiac conduction system. 685 21

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) ingestions remain a serious and not uncommon overdose in children. In adults, a terminal 40 millisecond QRS vector (T40-ms) between 120 and 270 degrees has been proposed as a marker for TCA overdose; however, the normal rightward deviation and high incidence of incomplete right bundle branch block noted in the electrocardiograms (ECGs) of young children may limit the usefulness of this criterion in this population. A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients less than 11 years of age admitted to the Hospital for Sick Children with birth dates after 1971 identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, coding for TCA ingestion was undertaken, and data related to complications were collected and reviewed. The ECGs of 35 children presenting with TCA ingestion were examined by two blinded cardiologists and the T40-ms as well as QRS, QTc, and PR intervals were calculated and compared to those of 35 healthy age-matched controls undergoing routine ECGs. In the 35 children (aged 48 +/- 39 months [mean +/- SD]) with a history of TCA ingestion, symptoms were categorized as significant in 18 (51%), mild in 12 (34%), and none in five (14%). Seizures were present in 13 (37%), hypotension in three (9%), and arrhythmias in five (14%). The mean T40-ms axes in the TCA and control groups were 111 +/- 66 degrees and 97 +/- 71 degrees, respectively. A T40-ms between 120 and 270 degrees had a sensitivity of 38% and a specificity of 74%. A marked variability in the T40-ms was noted in both the exposed and control groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Assessment of the terminal 40-millisecond QRS vector in children with a history of tricyclic antidepressant ingestion. 759 81

Myocarditis with complete atrioventricular block is a very unusual complication of the herpex simplex infection. We report a 10-year-old boy infected very likely by the herpes simplex virus and who presented with high fever, erythema multiforme, complete atrioventricular block, and Adams-Stokes seizures. Emergent temporary pacemaker was performed for bradycardia. A sixteen-fold rise in herpes simplex antibody titer by a complement fixation method occurred within two weeks. Normal cardiac rhythm recovered 11 days later with a sequela of complete right bundle branch block after 2 years follow-up.
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PMID:Myocarditis with complete atrioventricular block associated with herpes simplex virus infection: report of one case. 940 Nov 83

A 32-year-old woman developed chronic progressive hearing impairment, trunkal ataxia, bilateral ptosis and external ophthalmoplegia. She also showed slowly progressive mild to moderate proximal dominant muscle weakness and atrophy. ECG showed incomplete right bundle branch block. An aerobic exercise test showed abnormal blood lactate elevation and muscle biopsy revealed ragged-red fibers in addition to the myopathic change. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA extracted from biopsied muscle and fibroblast samples revealed a 1,758bp deletion from the cytochrome b to ND6 coding regions. Common mutations in tRNALeu(UUR) coding region to the mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) were not present. She was diagnosed as having incomplete Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS). Since the age of 35, she developed complex partial seizure attacks with secondary generalization frequently and at the age of 42, she had a severe generalized seizure with delayed consciousness loss followed by left hemiplegia. MRI showed wide T2-high signal lesions in the right temporo-parieto-occipital area. The proton MR-spectroscopy showed prominent increase of lactate beyond the lesions detected by MRI, indicating diffuse aerobic metabolic dysfunction in the central nervous system. We reviewed two other KSS cases with a stroke like episode, who also had epilepsy and large deletion but no tRNALeu(UUR) mutation, in mitochondrial DNA. Patients with KSS who have seizure may develop the stroke-like episode as seen in MELAS patients.
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PMID:[A case of incomplete Kearns-Sayre syndrome with a stroke like episode]. 940 43

Trifascicular block, which consists of impaired conduction in the three main fascicles of the ventricular conduction system, may progress to high-grade or complete atrioventricular block. It rarely occurs in children with a structurally normal heart. We report a case of trifascicular block in a previously healthy 9-year-old girl. The patient presented with repetitive seizures. The electrocardiogram showed a complete right bundle branch block, left axis deviation, PR interval prolongation, and intermittent high-degree and complete atrioventricular block. She was successfully treated with a temporary pacemaker and her electrocardiogram returned to a normal sinus rhythm in 3 days. She has remained well over a 4-year follow-up. Although her cardiac enzyme levels were normal, the clinical course and electrocardiography findings suggested myocarditis. We emphasize the diagnosis of trifascicular block using electrocardiography; clinical outcome is good, if the patient is managed properly.
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PMID:Trifascicular block with intermittent complete atrioventricular block in a child. 940 28

Although cocaine is one of the leading causes of drug-related deaths, there is little clinical information describing the precise sequence of events leading to death in the cocaine intoxication. Usually, cocaine-related sudden deaths are unwitnessed, its electrocardiographic features are not attainable, and the majority of these patients have a rapidly fatal course and die before arriving at the hospital. We report a patient with massive cocaine ingestion who developed psychomotor agitation and generalized seizures followed by asystolic cardiac arrest. Ventilation with supplemental oxygen by endotracheal intubation immediately restored spontaneous heart beat. After resuscitation, a severe metabolic acidosis (pH 6.65) and cardiac dysrrhythmias consistent with sodium channel poisoning were detected. The electrocardiogram showed accelerated junctional rhythm at 85 beats/min with right bundle branch block and left anterior hemiblock configuration, prolongation of QRS (0.16 sec) and QTc (0.52 sec) intervals, and terminal J wave associated with coved ST-segment elevation in leads V(1) and V(2) resembling the Brugada syndrome. Sodium bicarbonate administration was quickly followed by normalization of the cardiac conduction disturbances. This article discusses the clinical and electrophysiologic implications of these findings.
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PMID:Aborted sudden death, transient Brugada pattern, and wide QRS dysrrhythmias after massive cocaine ingestion. 1159 May 77


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