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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

I retrospectively describe 20 episodes of water intoxication in 19 infants, with hypothermia, seizures, and hyponatremia. Overdilution of formula or aggressive supplementation with water or clear juices were documented in 16 of the 20 episodes. Seizures and respiratory distress were severe enough in six cases to require intubation and ventilatory support. Marked diaphoresis was noted as a premonitory symptom to seizures in eight children. The children were an average of 5.1 +/- 4.3 months of age; serum sodium values averaged 118 +/- 4.3 mmol/L. No evidence of excess production of antidiuretic hormone was found. Water intoxication in infants is common, and I discuss its possible relationship to demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
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PMID:Seizures and hypothermia due to dietary water intoxication in infants. 356 73

A case of infantile seizures of unusual etiology and presentation is described. Water intoxication with resultant epilepticus was caused by ingestion of nearly 150 ml/kg of fresh water on the day of presentation. It is unclear why the infant voluntarily consumed so much water, but heat illness is the most probable cause.
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PMID:Infantile seizures caused by voluntary water intoxication. 394 28

Water intoxication with seizures secondary to excessive fluid ingestion occurred in four apparently healthy infants in two families; we also review five previously reported cases.
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PMID:Water intoxication secondary to feeding mismanagement. A preventable form of familial seizure disorder in infants. 745 41

Acute symptomatic hyponatraemia is a life-threatening emergency which must be diagnosed and treated promptly. The initial symptoms are often dramatic, with seizures and coma, and there is therefore a risk that the diagnosis and the urgent sodium correction therapy may be delayed by procedures such as computed tomography (CT) of the brain. As the most common aetiological factors are psychotic polydipsia and different iatrogenic causes, this condition usually develops in hospitalised patients. Water intoxication alone is very unlikely to cause severe hyponatraemia in a person with normal renal function, unless for some reason the antidiuretic hormone secretion is increased. We describe a case in which dehydration due to common gastroenteritis in combination with excessive intake of water caused the death of a young, previously healthy woman. Increased awareness of this potentially fatal condition is recommended.
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PMID:Fatal hyponatraemic brain oedema due to common gastroenteritis with accidental water intoxication. 947 92

The case of a 6 year old child who presented with convulsions and coma after unsupervised self administration of intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) for nocturnal enuresis is presented. Children with enuresis can be embarassed by their condition and may believe that multiple doses of their nasal spray may bring about a rapid resolution. Water intoxication is an uncommon but serious adverse effect of treatment with intranasal DDAVP. These patients may present with seizure, mental state changes, or both. Basic management consists of stopping the drug, fluid restriction, and suppressive treatment for seizures. Recovery is usually rapid and complete. Administration of the nasal spray in children should be supervised by parents to prevent highly motivated children from accidental overdose. The risks of high fluid intake need to be carefully explained to both parents and children.
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PMID:Hyponatraemic convulsion secondary to desmopressin treatment for primary enuresis. 1035 57

Water intoxication is a rare condition characterised by overconsumption of water. It can occur in athletes engaging in endurance sports, users of MDMA (ecstasy), and patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. This case outlines water intoxication in a patient with psychogenic polydipsia. When the kidney's capacity to compensate for exaggerated water intake is exceeded, hypotonic hyperhydration results. Consequences can involve headaches, behavioural changes, muscular weakness, twitching, vomiting, confusion, irritability, drowsiness, and seizures. Cerebral oedema can lead to brain damage and eventual death. In this case, psychogenic polydipsia led to significant hyponatraemia, cerebral oedema, and tonic-clonic seizures. Differential diagnoses for hyponatraemia are outlined. The aetiology of psychogenic polydipsia is uncertain, but postulated hypotheses are explored. Psychogenic polydipsia occurs in up 20% of psychiatric patients and this case serves to remind us to be cognizant of water overconsumption.
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PMID:Psychogenic polydipsia: the result, or cause of, deteriorating psychotic symptoms? A case report of the consequences of water intoxication. 2568 18