Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of one night's sleep deprivation on mood and behavior were evaluated in 12 patients with panic disorder, ten depressed patients, and ten controls. In contrast to the improvement in symptoms of anxiety and depression shown by the majority of depressed patients, the response of patients with panic disorder as a group did not differ from that of normal controls, although a subgroup did experience noticeable worsening in their symptoms of anxiety, with 40% experiencing panic attacks on the day following sleep deprivation. Electroencephalographic recordings with nasopharyngeal electrodes on the day following sleep deprivation were normal, further suggesting that patients with panic disorder do not have seizure activity characteristic of temporal lobe epilepsy.
 ...
PMID:Effects of one night's sleep deprivation on mood and behavior in panic disorder. Patients with panic disorder compared with depressed patients and normal controls. 375 67

The literature comparing panic disorder with natural fear, hypoglycemia, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, the hyperventilation syndrome, the mitral valve prolapse syndrome and partial complex seizures is briefly reviewed. Some features of each of these syndromes may clinically resemble panic disorder. It is concluded that: a) patients with panic disorder should be medically evaluated. b) the diagnosis of panic disorder should be based on a broad system, rather than on symptoms alone. c) diagnostic systems should include a category for "organic anxiety syndromes".
 ...
PMID:Differential diagnosis of anxiety disorders. 668 97

Five patients had brief simple partial seizures that mimicked panic disorder. The following features assisted diagnosis: Seizures were briefer and more stereotyped than panic attacks; some progressed to typical complex partial seizures; and aphasia and dysmnesia occurred during seizures in some patients. Each patient had one mesial temporal structural lesion. Routine waking EEG was normal in 2 patients. Inadequate response to anti-epileptics necessitated partial temporal lobectomy in 4 patients, 3 of whom remain seizure free.
 ...
PMID:Mesial temporal lobe seizures presenting as anxiety disorders. 758 Jan 98

Benzodiazepines are the psychotropics most frequently prescribed despite an impressive reduction in use in the last 10 years. Their main pharmacodynamic effects (anxiolytic, sedative, anticonvulsive, muscle-relaxing, amnestic) are the basis for various therapeutic applications and indications. The most important differences among the variety of benzodiazepines are pharmacokinetic ones (elimination half-life, formation of pharmacologically active metabolites). Established indications are anxiety and sleep disorders, seizures, epilepsy, premedication and sedation in emergency medicine. In recent years it has also been proven to be effective in the treatment of panic disorder and catatonia. Among the side effects seen most frequently are impairments of cognitive and psychomotor function as well as rebound phenomena. Discussions have recently focused on the incidence of abuse and dependence as well as case reports on severe amnesia. Alternative medications like neuroleptics in low dosage and antidepressants seem to be predominantly unfavorable due to the fact that they are tolerated less well and sometimes have severe side effects. A clear-cut indication and time-limited prescription can reduce the number of benzodiazepine long-term users, and a comprehensive treatment concept must be the basis of rational prescription of benzodiazepines. The positive benefit-risk ratio as well as research perspectives [identification of receptor subtypes, development of highly selective ligands and partial (inverse) agonists] are reasons for assuming that the era of the benzodiazepines has not come to an end.
 ...
PMID:[Current status of treatment with benzodiazepines]. 760 11

Although most panic attacks appear to be primary psychiatric disturbances, some evidence suggests a biologic basis for panic disorder, possibly associated with temporal lobe dysfunction. Fear is a common affective change associated with some complex partial seizures (CPS) originating from the right temporal lobe. We describe a previously unreported association between panic attacks and seizures originating from the parietal lobe in 2 patients with right parietal lobe tumors. Intracranial monitoring documented correlations between the symptoms of fear and restricted regional parietal cortical discharges. Surgical resections of the lesions (one total, one subtotal) resulted in complete recovery or improvement.
 ...
PMID:Panic attacks as ictal manifestations of parietal lobe seizures. 763 2

Relations between panic disorder (PD) and epilepsy (E) have repeatedly been discussed. Three patients with juvenile E who had been free of seizures under anticonvulsant medication for many years and developed PD are presented. Increasing anticonvulsant medication resulted in complete and stable remission of PD. It is hypothesized that, in a subgroup of patients with PD, there is a pathophysiological relation to E. Further research into the usefulness of anticonvulsants in the treatment of PD, especially in therapy-refractory cases, is suggested.
 ...
PMID:Is there a pathophysiological and therapeutic link between panic disorder and epilepsy? 767 42

Over the last three decades, a greater understanding of the phenomenology and etiology of illness has fostered progress in psychopharmacology. While research has yielded important new psychopharmacologic compounds, the field continues to benefit from the discovery of innovative clinical applications of established agents. For instance, benzodiazepines--among the most commonly used medications in the pharmacopoeia--have demonstrated their efficacy in the treatment of a wide variety of syndromes. Recently, much attention has focused on the use of high-potency benzodiazepines (for example, clonazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam) in the treatment of panic disorder and mania. This paper presents the uses of benzodiazepines to treat other conditions, including psychotic and agitated states, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, pain syndromes, seizures, drug withdrawal and side-effects induced by antidepressants and neuroleptics.
 ...
PMID:Innovative uses of benzodiazepines in psychiatry. 790 81

Panic disorder (PD) is a common psychiatric illness, which has many complications such as major depression, increased suicide risk, agoraphobic avoidance behaviour, alcohol abuse and dependence. A number of studies have now documented increased rates of anxiety disorders among alcoholics and of alcoholism among patients presenting with anxiety disorders. In general, it appears that PD is more prevalent in alcoholics than would be expected on the basis of general population rates. Alcohol withdrawal is clearly associated with severe anxiety symptoms. It is suggested that repeated withdrawal episodes may trigger panic through a kindling process by causing subconvulsive stimuli with increasing amounts of electrical excitability or even spontaneous seizures. Serotonergic medications are effective in treating PD and depression. They also diminish interest in drinking in ethanol-dependent patients. Serotonergic agents can also affect conditioning and learning as well as behavioral control and self-administration. The treatment of panic patients with depressive and alcohol problems usually requires long-term treatment.
 ...
PMID:Alcohol and depression in panic disorder. 791 95

The authors administered the Structured Clinic Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) to 20 outpatients with nonepileptic seizures documented by video-EEG. Fourteen (70%) had one or more non-somatoform DSM-III-R diagnoses. All 14 met criteria for panic disorder. Comorbid mood, psychotic, substance abuse, and eating disorders were also noted. Meticulous use of the SCID, with extensive follow-up, may have resulted in enhanced detection of panic disorder in patients who do not spontaneously report panic symptoms. Panic attacks may play a more important role in nonepileptic seizures than has been generally recognized, especially in outpatients with a chronic course of illness.
 ...
PMID:SCID diagnosis of panic disorder in psychogenic seizure patients. 795 Mar 49

Panic attacks, a frequent type of pseudoepileptic seizures, occur more frequently in epilepsy patients than in the general population and are often misdiagnosed, leading to pseudosevere epilepsy. We evaluated 4 patients with a past history of epileptic seizures long in remission who were misdiagnosed as having relapsing seizures although they had fairly typical panic attacks. To avoid unnecessary and ineffective antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment, recurrence of seizures after long remission should be carefully evaluated to identify patients with a panic disorder who require specific treatment. In patients who unexpectedly exhibit seizures after long remission, an accurate retrospective diagnosis of the epileptic syndrome and a precise description of the attack symptomatology should be obtained, if possible with EEG-video monitoring.
 ...
PMID:Panic attacks mistaken for relapse of epilepsy. 800 8


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>