Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A follow-up study of over 100,000 persons below age 65 years who filled a total of 243,286 prescriptions for pseudoephedrine indicated that there were no hospitalizations among users that could be attributed to the drug. There were no admissions within 15 days of filling a prescription for pseudoephedrine for cerebral hemorrhage, thrombotic stroke, or hypertensive crisis. There were a small number of hospitalizations for myocardial infarction, seizures and neuropsychiatric disorders, but the rate of such admissions among the pseudoephedrine users was close to the expected rate in the population at large.
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PMID:Follow-up study of pseudoephedrine users. 377 33

No documentation is available for myocardial infarction complicating status epilepticus. A 31-year-old man developed an acute inferolateral myocardial infarction during repetitive epileptic seizures. A cineangiographic study performed 6 months later revealed normal coronary arteries and an apical aneurysm in the left ventricle. The main pathogenetic mechanisms involved and a therapeutic possibility are discussed.
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PMID:Myocardial infarction complicating status epilepticus. 407 62

A sixty-year-old man experienced successively over two years several episodes of circulatory collapse and meningeal hemorrhage, a myocardial infarction, an episode of ketoacidosis and a seizure before acute abdominal pain with fever related to the sudden, partial, necrosis of his tumor, led to the discovery of a pheochromocytoma. This observation exemplifies the multiple clinical aspects and diagnostic pitfalls of this secreting tumor. It underscores the misleading nature of normotensive pheochromocytomas.
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PMID:[Pheochromocytoma and its diagnostic pitfalls]. 632 Apr 24

135 cases of cardiogenic emboli to the brain are reported in view of symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Brain embolism occurred most often in ischemic heart disease with atrial fibrillation, followed by valvular heart disease, myocardial infarction and carditis. Usually there was a sudden onset of neurological symptoms during the morning hours. Initial lapses of consciousness were a bad prognostic sign--they appeared as well as seizures more often in embolic than in thrombotic brain infarctions. The clearly higher incidence of emboli to the left cerebral hemisphere has anatomical reasons. Angiographic findings depend on the time of examination; common are occlusions of the supraclinoid portion of the internal carotid artery, media-occlusions at the trifurcation, media-branch-occlusions and disturbed middle cerebral blood flow. CT and lumbar puncture do not support the diagnosis. Cardiologic examination should include X-ray of the chest, long time electrocardiogram and echocardiography. In view of a mortality of 22 per cent and major neurological residual symptoms in 34 percent the prognosis of brain embolism is serious. Early anticoagulant therapy in the absence of brain hemorrhage in CT seems to improve the prognosis by preventing reembolization.
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PMID:[Cardiac cerebral embolism]. 662 48

Forty-four patients with severe endogenous depression, all of whom had been administered multiple-monitored electroconvulsive therapy (MMECT), were studied by retrospective chart review. The subjects were divided into two groups, the elderly and the nonelderly, and compared for number of anesthesia inductions (treatment sessions), total number of seizures, total seizure time, and therapeutic outcome. One myocardial infarction occurred in an elderly man, and a confusional state developed whenever MMECT was administered simultaneously with lithium. The conclusions from this project are that MMECT is as safe and efficacious for the elderly as for the nonelderly and that the elderly tolerate many seizures as well as do the nonelderly. While other variables were similar between groups, the overall number of anesthesia inductions in both groups was less than is expected with conventional electroconvulsive therapy.
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PMID:Multiple-monitored electroconvulsive therapy: safety and efficacy in elderly depressed patients. 669 31

A patient with diagnosed epilepsy was followed at a post-myocardial infarction clinic with routine ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. On one particular occasion while being monitored, he manifested an epileptic seizure. The features and duration of the seizure were reflected in the electrocardiographic recording. Cardiac arrhythmias may result in epileptiform seizures which may be mediated either through vagomedullary reticular pathways or through cerebral hypoxia as a result of the hemodynamic disturbance. The apparent epilepsy may vary from confused behavior to a generalized seizure and may thus mimic true cryptogenic epilepsy. The following case concerns a post-myocardial infarction patient with diagnosed epilepsy who sustained a seizure which was documented by an ambulatory electrocardiographic recorder.
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PMID:Grand mal epilepsy as recorded during dynamic electrocardiography. 678

A 30 year old woman with marked joint hypermobility had severe, progressive lung disease, seizures, aneurysms of the sinuses of Valsalva and myocardial infarction documented during life. She died of intractable ventricular fibrillation, and postmortem examination showed myocardial injury in the distribution of the left coronary artery but no occlusive coronary artery disease. Severe panacinar emphysema was found in the lungs. Cerebral heterotopias with peculiar vascularization were present and were a likely cause of the seizure disorder. Electron microscopy showed dermal collagen fibrils to be heterogeneous in size, reduced in number, and irregular and frayed in appearance. This patient had a form of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, different from the 10 distinct variants described thus far, associated with lethal internal manifestations.
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PMID:Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with abnormal collagen fibrils, sinus of Valsalva aneurysms, myocardial infarction, panacinar emphysema and cerebral heterotopias. 731 50

An unusual electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern was observed in five patients who suffered an acute anterior myocardial infarction. Early in their illness and following resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation (three patients), in the midst of recurrent ventricular irritability prior to development of ventricular fibrillation (one patient), and following a period of seizures (one patient), the ECG showed ST-segment elevation, marked increase in the R-wave amplitude, disappearance of S waves and merging of QRS complexes with the elevated ST segments, ECG patterns noted in these patients were similar to the ones recorded from dogs immediately after ligation of a large coronary artery, and from patients with severe episodes of variant angina. Although these early electrocardiographic changes probably reflect either marked regional transmural blood flow deprivation or its aftermath, they could not be taken as indices of eventual massive myocardial necrosis since in most of these patients the alterations were followed by development of nontransmural myocardial infarction. The possible mechanisms and the implications of such discrepancy between early and late electrocardiographic indicators of injury or necrosis is discussed.
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PMID:Transient giant R waves in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction: association with ventricular fibrillation. 732 85

Avoidance of homologous blood products and patients' demand for preoperative autologous blood donation programs are increasing. As many of these patients are older, with a compromised cardiovascular system and a slow response of the erythropoietic system when anemia occurs, the feasibility and benefit of autologous blood donation is often limited. Augmentation of preoperative blood donation by therapy with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) has been described in animal models and in patients. METHODS. In a multicenter, controlled, randomized trial, 49 patients scheduled for orthopaedic or vascular surgery received 0 (control group, n = 9), 200 (n = 10), 300 (n = 11), 400 (n = 10) or 500 (n = 9) U/kg rHuEPO (Erypo, Cilag, Sulzbach, distributor Fresenius, Oberursel, Germany) subcutaneously twice a week for 3 weeks while every week 450 ml blood was collected. Iron sulphate 100 mg was prescribed orally twice a day. Patients were ineligible if they had uncontrolled hypertension, recent myocardial infarction, haematological disorders or a history of seizures. Blood donation had to be cancelled if the haematocrit was below 30%. RESULTS. There was a significant (ANOVA) drop of the haematocrit value only in the control group, and end-point values for haematocrit and haemoglobin were significantly elevated in the 400 and 500 U/kg groups compared with the control group (Table 9). DISCUSSION. The erythropoietic stimulus of phlebotomy for autologous blood donations is often not efficient enough to guarantee a constant haematocrit. Lowering of the preoperative haematocrit jeopardizes the aim of avoidance of homologous blood transfusions. rHuEPO increased the efficiency of autologous blood collections, as predonation haematocrit values could be preserved in the high-dosage groups. As a consequence, homologous transfusions could be avoided. However, there were broad interindividual differences in the erythropoietic response, possibly due to limitations in iron availability. Adverse effects of rHuEPO therapy, such as hypertension, thrombosis or neurologic disorders, are mostly reported in patients with terminal kidney failure. No such disturbances were observed in the present study. CONCLUSION. rHuEPO ameliorates the preoperative decrease of haemoglobin and haematocrit values due to autologous blood donations in a dose-related fashion. The individually adjusted dosage of rHuEPO and iron supplementation merits further investigation.
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PMID:[Erythropoietin therapy during frequent autologous blood donations. Dose-finding study]. 748 23

Cocaine use often has profound effects on the body. Medical complications that may be seen in users include headache, sexual dysfunction, violent behavior, chronic cough, seizures, and myocardial infarction. The type of cocaine used and the method of use often determine the kind of problems that occur. Patients may be reluctant or unable to offer information about their drug use during evaluation, so awareness of the medical consequences of cocaine use and a high index of suspicion are essential.
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PMID:Is your patient using cocaine? Clinical signs that should raise suspicion. 763 Aug 45


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