Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied six cases of intracranial meningioma with cyst formation. Manifestations included focal neurologic signs (four cases), seizures (three cases), headache (three cases), and personality changes (two cases). CT revealed a cystic enhancing supratentorial lesion in five cases. Angiographic changes of meningioma were observed in only three cases, and correct preoperative diagnosis was made in only half the cases so studied. Histologically, all lesions were syncytial meningiomas. Cyst fluid was always xanthochromic, acellular, and highly proteinaceous. The variety of anatomic configurations suggests several pathophysiologic mechanisms in formation of the cysts that are commonly misdiagnosed preoperatively. Tissue analysis is needed for all cystic, enhancing lesions of the brain.
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PMID:Meningioma cysts. 406 63

A double-blind trial of phenytoin therapy following craniotomy was performed to test the hypothesis that phenytoin is effective in reducing postoperative epilepsy. A significant reduction in the frequency of epilepsy was observed in the group receiving the active drug up to the 10th postoperative week. Half of the seizures occurred in the first 2 weeks and two-thirds within 1 month of cranial surgery. High rates of epilepsy were observed after surgery in patients with meningioma, metastasis, aneurysm, and head injury. Routine prophylaxis with phenytoin (in a dosage of 5 to 6 mg/kg/day) would seem to be indicated, particularly in high-risk patients and, where possible, this treatment should be started 1 week preoperatively. Seizure control is best when therapeutic levels of phenytoin are maintained.
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PMID:Phenytoin and postoperative epilepsy. A double-blind study. 633 86

A 30 year old woman presented with a tumor of calvaria which had grown slowly over a period of 10 years. There was no history of symptoms other than an isolated episode of seizure. Infiltration of the scalp noted at physical examination and radiologic findings suggested the diagnosis slowly progressive sarcoma but the diagnosis of meningioma was established by histologic examination which also showed the important vascularization of the tumor (estimated blood loss was 300cm3). Taking into consideration the histologic benignity of the tumor and the complete thrombosis of the longitudinal sinus, removal of the lesion was planned after complete embolization of the vessels branching from the external carotid artery to supply the tumor. A two stage procedure was performed. During the first operative stage portion of the meningioma infiltrating the bone (800 g; 15 X 12 X 2 cm) and scalp was removed. In as second stage the intracranial "en plaque" meningioma was removed with no significant bleeding. The resected dura was replaced by combining a pericranial graft with a dermal graft. The cranial valt was restored with a bone homograft. The patient tolerated the procedure well and is in good health 18 months following surgery.
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PMID:[Giant intra-extracranial meningioma of the calvaria]. 639 30

Cataleptic attacks or atonic seizures have been described in cases of frontal lesions due to meningiomas. Five new cases are reported: 3 frontal and 2 parietal meningiomas. In 3 of the cases the attacks started before removal of the tumours. A consecutive case-material of 66 intracranial meningiomas verified neurosurgically was re-examined. Only 2 patients had cataleptic attacks and were included among the 5 cases reported. Both had a parietal convexity meningioma. Although most cases of cataleptic attacks after the age of 50 probably are of vascular origin, the possibility of a frontal or parietal meningioma should be considered. It is suggested that the cataleptic attacks in these cases are caused by 'weak' epileptic discharges spreading along the cortico-reticular fibres and activating the motor inhibitory reticulo-spinal pathways.
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PMID:Cataplexy in association with meningiomas. 641 Jun 75

A unique epileptic patient with intracranial neoplasm is reported in which a meningioma with lipomatous and osseous components was found associated with cerebral arteriovenous malformation at the same location in the right frontal lobe. The development of the leptomeningeal neoplasm may have been influenced by the underlying vascular anomaly. The cerebral arteriovenous malformation and altered hemodynamics also could have induced the sudden onset of clinical seizures, hemiparesis, and unconsciousness.
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PMID:Lipomatous meningioma associated with cerebral vascular malformation. 642 30

A 24 year old woman with a 15 year history of intractable seizures underwent resection of a small low grade astrocytoma of the right mesial frontal lobe. The tumor arose beneath a benign scalp nevus that had been treated in infancy with radium patches and focal x-irradiation. Neuropathological changes within the tumor were compatible with radiation injury. Meningiomas and sarcomas complicate cranial irradiation but the evidence that gliomas do so is less convincing. Our observations support an association between radiation exposure and the subsequent development of glial tumors.
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PMID:Astrocytoma following scalp radiotherapy in infancy. 651 32

Forty-six patients were followed up after removal of an intracranial meningioma. Nine of the 46 patients in their 3rd month postoperative EEG had localised fast rhythms which remained stable. The fast rhythms appeared in small 20-25 Hz and 20-40 microV bursts; they were localised over the craniotomy flap as shown by the control X-ray of the sites of the electrodes; they were unaffected by eye-opening and slightly reduced by fist-clenching. These fast rhythms were sometimes mixed with sharp waves and theta activity and seemed to be equivalent to the 'breach rhythm' described first by Fischgold et al. (1952) and then by Cobb et al. (1979). In our study, these rhythms were more frequently observed in patients with an olfactory or sphenoidal meningioma, in patients with pre-operative seizure and in patients with an extensive post-operative intracranial atrophy (as shown by the scanner). On the other hand, incomplete removal or recurrence of the tumour or post-operative epilepsy did not seem to play a role in the appearance of these rhythms.
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PMID:[Localized fast rhythms in EEG tracings following surgery for intracranial meningioma]. 661 58

Meningiomas are the most popular benign intracranial tumors, but they are rarely seen as a multiple growth. The incidence of multiple meningiomas, defined by Cushing and Eisenhardt, is about 1 to 2 per cent of all meningioma cases. Though many cases of the multiple meningiomas were reported previously in the world, some of them were concomitant with von Recklinghausen's disease or acoustic neurinoma. Most of the cases of the multiple meningiomas reported showed multiple lesion at the time of operation or after a few years of the initial operation. We have encountered two patients with multiple meningioma without the stigmata of von Recklinghausen's disease in our clinic. Case 1. A 58-year-old female visited the hospital complaining of headache and occasional nausea on February 6, 1980. Plain and enhanced cT confirmed a large tumor in the right parietal region and three small tumor nodules in the right occipital region. Carotid angiogram detected only two tumors of frontal falx. Apparent two tumor stains were seen on the region, and they were fed by meningeal frontal and parietal region, and they were fed by meningeal arteries through the right ophthalmic artery. A large tumor of parietal and a small tumor of frontal region on the right side of falx were removed. Three nodular tumors of right occipital convexity were extirpated at the same time. Histological examination of the tumors disclosed all extirpated tumors were fibroblastic meningioma. Case 2. A 61-year-old male developed convulsive seizure of the right upper limb and right side of the face was diagnosed as having convexity meningioma in the left parietal region.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Multiple meningioma]. 664 42

A case of atypical meningioma with xanthogranulomatous stromal reaction was described in a 37 year-old man. At the age of 18, the patient started to have seizures. He became aware of disturbances in gait since 27 years of age. At the age of 37 he came to the hospital for detailed examinations and adequate treatment. EEG showed focal spikes at right temporal area and the CT scan disclosed abnormalities indicating the presence of a right posterior temporal mass. At craniotomy, a tumor was found located over the surface of right temporal lobe. It was well-circumscribed, firm in consistency and was attached to the dura, measuring 3cm in its greatest diameter. Gross total removal was accomplished. On cut section, the tumor was greyish in color mottled variously with yellow or rustbrown tint. It contained a cyst. Microscopically, the tumor was made up of compact masses of spindle-shaped or polygonal cells. The cells were arranged in areas in interlacing fascicles or forming whorles. In many places the tumor showed pleomorphic cytology. Mitotic figures were found few in number. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells appeared groundglass-like. Some of them contained hyaline globules. The globules were found to react positive with P.A.S. technique, and this procedure was resistant against diastase digestion. They were also stained positive with P.T.A.H. stain. In some areas foamy xanthomatous cells were found in groups. A large number of lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophiles and macrophages ingesting brownish pigments were found infiltrating around vascular vessels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Atypical meningioma with xanthogranulomatous stromal reaction]. 665 80

A patient is reported in whom a meningioma of the lateral one-third of the sphenoid ridge was completely removed and long-term prophylaxis for seizures with diphenylhydantoin was prescribed. One and a half years later, a powerful inhibitor developed that specifically neutralized Factor VIII, the antihemophilic factor, and caused an acquired state of hemophilia. The 4-month hemorrhagic disorder was characterized initially by painless hematuria and later by intracerebral and extradural hematomas at the operative site of the previously excised meningioma. Despite the transfusion of massive quantities of concentrates of clotting factors, and the surgical evacuation of the recurrent hematomas on two occasions, the localized bleeding could not be staunched and the patient died. The types of inhibitors that cause acquired hemophilia and their modes of treatment are examined. Although it is possible that the Factor VIII inhibitor in this patient was induced by the meningioma, most previously reported tumors associated with acquired hemophilia have had an immunological basis. The most probable explanation for the acquired hemophilia in this patient was an inhibitor to Factor VIII from an autoantibody induced by the long-term use of diphenylhydantoin.
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PMID:Acquired hemophilia, meningioma, and diphenylhydantoin therapy. 677 40


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