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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient who presented with sensory Jacksonian seizures and no other clinical symptoms was found to have a meningioma in the premotor area of the frontal lobe. The possibility that brain oedema caused by the tumour encroached on the supplementary motor area and triggered the seizures via cortico-cortical pathways is discussed.
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PMID:Sensory Jacksonian seizures triggered by a frontally-located meningioma. 11 48

Two patients with structural lesions had illusions of eye movement as the earliest manifestation of their seizures. One patient had a right occipitoparietal arteriovenous malformation and the other had a tentorial meningioma encroaching on the left occipital lobe. Symptoms were controlled by anticonvulsants and subsequent surgery in both cases. The characteristic feature of this rare form of seizure onset is a unilateral sensation of eye movement in the absence of oscillopsia.
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PMID:Sensations of ocular movement in seizures originating in occipital lobe. 40 25

A case of cerebral polyuric hyponatremia was reported. A 64-year-old lady had complained of visual disturbance for 4 years. She was operated upon under the diagnosis of tuberculum sellae meningioma. Sever days following operation tremendous polyuria was senn, i. e. polyuria over 40 l/day, massive sodium wasting in the urine, hyponatremia and severe thirst feeling. These situations could not easily controlled by pitressin, and 2 days after the onset of polyuria the level of sodium in the serum decreased up to 112 mEq/l, the amount of excretion of sodium into urine increased up to 186 mEq/l, and the patient had finally a convulsive seizure followed by loss of consciousness. This hyponatremia was easily controlled by infusion of hypertonic NaCl. The pathogenesis of this condition could not be explained by applying the classical concept of "Diabetes Insipidus" nor "SIADH". This hyponatremia might be the result of massive sodium wasting in the urine. And from the results obtained in our patient, these conditions should be classified in the syndrome of "Cerebral Polyuric Hyponatremia" as reported by Oi et al. It should be emphasized that the measurement of osmorality and level of electrolytes in the serum and urine had to be performed frequently when the postoperative polyuric situation was found, so that the clinical diagnosis could be established in the earlier stage. The clinical diagnosis and differentiation of postoperative disorders in water and electrolytes of central origin were discussed.
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PMID:[A case of cerebral polyuric hyponatremia (author's transl)]. 66 77

37 cases of cerebral hemispheric tumours are presented. These make up 23,1% of all the intracranial tumours observed over a period of 11 years in a Child Neurology Service. 19 cases were males and 18 females. Their ages were between 16 days and 7 1/2 years. Vomiting and headache were usually the first symptoms followed by seizures, frequently of the focal kind. Motor difficulties used to appear later. 69.6% of the cases presented a malfunctioning focus on the E.E.G. on the side of the tumor. The simple cranial X-Rays showed firstly widening of the fronto-parietal sutures, intracranial calcifications were seen in some of the cases with ependymonas and piloid astrocytoma in patients with Bourneville's disease. Pneumoencephalography as well as carotid angiography, radioisotope examination and computerized tomography gave us very positive results in the localization and determination of the size of the tumor. The ependymomas showed pathological vascularization regularly. The nature of the tumours corresponded to: 14 cases of ependymoma, 8 cases of astrocytoma I and II types, 1 case of astrocytoma of types III and IV, 3 cases of plexus papilloma, 2 cases of meningioma, 1 case of sarcoma of the basal ganglia, 1 case of teratoma, 3 cases of indifferentiated malignant tumours, 4 cases not proven. There was a 20% survival of patients five years later.
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PMID:[Cerebral tumours in infancy (author's transl)]. 90 Jun 62

The appearance of epileptic seizures in the early postoperative period (first 10 days) after neurosurgery is an uncommon complication. A retrospective study of 600 patients operated on for glioma, meningioma, metastatic tumor, hydatid cyst, cerebral hemorrhage and head injury (100 cases each) is the subject of this report. In 6% of the total group, seizures were found during the first 10 days following surgery. They usually appeared during the first 48 hours. In most cases (78%), fits were of the partial motor type, originating in the frontoparietal (central) region. The clinical course was benign in most cases. Good control of seizures was usually obtained by common anticonvulsants and except for a few cases, the prognosis was not worsened by the appearance of these early fits. The pathophysiology of early seizures, which are not related to cerebral scarring, is discussed. It is concluded that they are related to biochemical alterations produced by surgery, similar to what happens in early post traumatic epilepsy or in cases of seizures appearing in the early stages of cerebrovascular accidents.
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PMID:Epileptic seizures as an early complication of neurosurgery. 105 98

The authors report a boy aged 9 years in whom a giant meningioma of the small wing of the sphenoidal bone was removed surgically. Attention is called to the rarity of these tumours in the first decade of life. Developmental retardation, speech beginning at the age of 4 years, large head and epileptic seizures developing at the age of 7 years without signs of intracranial hypertension suggested the possibility of organic brain disease and development of massive hemiparesis, speech disturbances and choked disc in the last period of the disease were the cause of referral of the child to a neurosurgical unit. Plain skull films and angiography demonstrated changes typical of raised intracranial pressure and presence of an expanding lesion in the left cerebral hemisphere. Meningioma was found on operation hidden within the left frontal and temporal lobes but connected by means of a narrow band to the dura of the small wing of the sphenoidal bone. A good result was obtained. Follow-up examination after 2 years demonstrated slight neurological abnormalities and a very good general state of the child.
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PMID:[Case of giant meningioma of the small wing of the sphenoid bone in a 9-year-old boy]. 118 62

Pre-surgical evaluation of epileptic patients consists of neurological examination, intensive electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring and anatomical studies (CT and MRI). Functional methods such as PET and SPECT imaging are now used more frequently. We have studied pre-operatively 15 adult epileptic patients (8 female, 7 male) using a rotational scintillation camera interfaced to a dedicated computer. The tomographic images were obtained 15 minutes after intravenous injection of 99mTc-HMPAO. All had MRI scanning and intensive EEG monitoring which generally included seizure recording. Five patients had progressive lesions (3 meningiomas, 2 astrocytomas). In 10 patients, neuroradiological studies did not show the presence of progressive lesions (2 normal scans and 8 cases with inactive lesions). Two patients with meningioma showed hypoperfusion at the lesion site while the third patient had a marked hyperperfusion which might correlate with the clinical diagnosis of epilepsia partialis continua. In the astrocytoma patients SPECT scans showed hypoperfusion at the lesion site. Data obtained from the 10 patients without progressive CNS lesions showed: (a) in 4, SPECT findings correlated well with the anatomical findings; (b) in 5 instances, SPECT was able to disclose additional functional deficits; (c) in one case, there was no SPECT correlate of a discrete anatomical lesion. In 5 of these cases with no progressive lesions (n = 10) SPECT findings were useful as a complementary tool in determining the clinical or surgical management of these patients. Despite the small number and heterogenicity of the present sample, SPECT seems to be an useful tool as part of the clinical workup of epileptic patients who are candidates for epilepsy surgery.
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PMID:Brain SPECT in the pre-surgical evaluation of epileptic patients. Preliminary results. 130 77

Eighty-three patients with intracranial meningioma were retrospectively analyzed with regard to age, sex, anatomic location, mode of presentation and surgical outcome. The ages of the patients ranged from 11 to 77 years. Fifty-five (66%) were females and 28 (34%) were males. The peak incidence occurred between 40 and 49 years. The locations of the meningioma were as follows: 42.2% in the convexity, 15.7% in the parasagittal, 12.1% in the tuberculum sellae, 8.4% in the sphenoid ridge, and three cases with multiple lesions. Forty-two percent of our series were found to have hyperostosis of the skull bone. There were 7 cases with cyst formations found through computed tomography (CT). Histological classification showed 48.3% to be of meningothelimatous type, while 18.4% were of psammomatous type. One of the multiple meningiomas showed two different histological types. The degree of perifocal brain edema at CT scan was found to be related to the symptoms, the size of the tumor and seizure attack. Fifty-three out of 54 patients with episodes of seizures were found to have perifocal brain edema, whereas the histological features were less significant. Seventy-one tumors were treated by total resection and 16 tumors by subtotal resection. Follow-up study from 1 to 7 years showed the rate of recurrence in the total resection group to be 11.3%; in the subtotal resection group without radiation 42.9%, and in the subtotal resection group with radiation 66.7%. The over-all recurrence rate was 19.5% in our series.
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PMID:Intracranial meningioma. 140 34

A case of cystic falx meningioma in the frontal region in which preoperative neuroradiologic diagnosis was difficult is reported. This 33-year-old man had suffered from epileptic seizures three times in one month. Physical and neurological examinations on admission were normal. A cystic mass with a small nodule was found on CT in the frontal region. Thin wall was enhanced smoothly and the nodule attached to the falx was enhanced heterogeneously. The mass was considered to be an extra-axial lesion on MRI. The right anterior falcine artery seemed to feed the mass. Bifrontal craniotomy was performed. Cyst was evacuated, and a soft reddish mass was subtotally removed. Cyst fluid was yellowish and protein content was 3.5 g/dl. Histopathological diagnosis was a meningotheliomatous meningioma and tumor cells were present also in the thin cyst wall. At the second operation the mass was completely removed, cyst wall inclusive. When we encounter a cystic mass in the sites of predilection of meningiomas, we have to consider the possibility of a cystic meningioma. If the mass has meningeal vascularization, a correct diagnosis is not difficult. Taking the location of the mass into consideration, an accurate interpretation of CT and MRI findings indicating extra-axial nature of the mass is indispensable.
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PMID:[Cystic falx meningioma: report of a case with difficulty in radiologic diagnosis]. 144 4

A 68-year-old white-skinned male fell head first into a fireplace while having a seizure. Extensive burns of the skull were sustained requiring removal of the necrotic bone. The patient had an underlying meningioma. Healing of the skull was obtained using a latissimus dorsi flap. After the scalp was completely healed, the meningioma was successfully resected with significant improvement in the patient's mental function.
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PMID:Burns of the skull with underlying intracranial meningioma. 144 36


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