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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective and prospective analysis of children with a diagnosis of complete absence of the corpus callosum (ACC) at the Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago over a 5-year period was performed. The diagnosis was based on the computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance (MR) images. From this material, 105 children with a diagnosis of ACC were analyzed on the basis of clinical symptomatology and radiological studies (CT, MR and ultrasound). Eighty-three percent of our children were symptomatic. The most common symptoms and signs were macrocephaly with hydrocephalus and seizures. MR was the best radiological imaging modality for evaluating children with ACC and associated brain anomalies. The most common associated brain anomalies with ACC in decreasing frequency in our children were: interhemispheric cyst with hydrocephalus, Dandy-Walker malformation, migrational disorders, absence of the inferior vermis, cephaloceles and lipoma of the interhemispheric fissure.
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PMID:The clinical and radiological evaluation of absence of the corpus callosum. 169 Jan 28

An exceptional case of lipoma of the sylvian region is described and the other seven reported cases are reviewed. The sylvian fissure is the most rare site of intracranial lipomas. Sylvian lipomas may be asymptomatic or present with epileptic seizures due to irritation of the cortex of the sylvian fissure. Only two previous cases have been diagnosed during life by computerized tomography and operated on; the deep location of these lipomas and their adherences to the sylvian cortex and the branches of the middle cerebral artery make radical removal impossible and dangerous.
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PMID:Lipoma of the sylvian region. 255 92

It has been well established that acquired lesions of the corpus callosum such as surgical section bring about disturbances of interhemispheric transfer of visual information. In contrast, patients with callosal agenesis do not display these specific deficits. The mechanisms of this compensation have been postulated as follows; (1) bilateral development of language function, (2) exploitation of extracallosal commissure fibers such as the anterior commissure. Several studies have reported, however, minor disturbances of interhemispheric visual transfer in callosal agenesis, such as less efficient interhemispheric transfer of complex visual stimuli (Gott & Saul, 1978), slower reaction time in interhemispheric comparison of visual stimuli (Sauerwein & Lassonde, 1983), or deficits in spatial localization in the right hemi-field (Martin, 1985). In order to settle these issues, we have administered four kinds of tachistoscopic visual recognition tests on 4 patients with complete agenesis of the corpus callosum confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This technique enabled us to see the mid-sagittal plane of the corpus callosum and diagnose its total absence with much higher certainty and precision than previous studies employing computed tomography (CT) or pneumoencephalography. Case 1: A 41-year-old right-handed man visited us because of recurrent numbness in the four extremities. Neurological examination revealed no abnormalities. MRI has confirmed that the corpus callosum was totally lacking, and that the anterior commissure was normally visualized. Case 2: A 31-year-old right-handed man was referred to us for the treatment of partial complex seizure. Total agenesis and lipoma of the corpus callosum was diagnosed by MRI and reconstructed sagittal view of CT scan.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Interhemispheric visual information transfer in callosal agenesis]. 273 45

A case is reported of a recently described neurocutaneous syndrome, manifested by a noncommunicating right lateral ventricular cyst, a left-sided lipoma of the scalp with alopecia, right-sided multiple truncal lipomas, right-sided ocular manifestations, left leg hypertrophy, and seizures. The findings in cases of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis are described to demonstrate the spectrum of this syndrome.
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PMID:The multiple manifestations of the encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis syndrome. 349 19

Lipoma of the corpus callosum is a rare intracranial condition, possibly congenital. It is often asymptomatic, but may present with headaches, seizures, hemiplegia, or dementia. An example of this disease is reported, and the condition reviewed. The radiological appearance is described, with emphasis on the value of computerized tomography in making the diagnosis. Surgery is of limited value but may be required in specially selected cases.
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PMID:Lipoma of the corpus callosum. Case report. 708 24

An analysis of four cases of lipomas of the corpus callosum with epilepsy, and a review of the literature, have led to the following conclusions: (1) Epilepsy as an almost constant feature is often severe, nearly always partial, and begins before the age of 15. (2) Pathophysiology of the seizures appears to be essentially an interhemispheric disconnection (rather than the classic theory that seizures depend upon an infiltration of the cingulate gyri by fibrous tissue growing out from the capsule of the lipoma). This disconnection is responsible for a facilitatory and disinhibitory action that favors the appearance of seizures caused by an epileptogenic lesion (the effects of which remain subthreshold in the presence of an intact corpus callosum playing its normal inhibitory role). This hypothesis is clearly applicable in explaining the epilepsies--in every way comparable--that are observed in agenesis of the corpus callosum and in Marchiafava-Bignami disease.
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PMID:Lipomas of the corpus callosum and epilepsy. 718 93

An analysis of four cases with lipomas of the corpus callosum with epilepsy and of some data in the literature has led to the following conclusions: 1) Epilepsy: a nearly constant feature is often severe always partial and begins before the age of fifteen; 2) Pathophysiology of the seizures: abandoning the classic theory that they depend upon an infiltration of the cingulate gyri by fibrous tissue growing out from the capsule of the lipoma, the authors consider that the essential mechanism is represented by the interhemispheric disconnection. This latter is responsible for a facilitory and disinhibitory action which would favour the appearance of seizures under the effects of an epileptogenic lesion, the effect of which would remain sub-threshold in the presence of an intact corpus callosum, playing its normal inhibitory role.
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PMID:[Electroclinical and CAT-encephalographic symptomatology of lipomas of the corpus callosum]. 746 14

The first clinically diagnosed and successfully operated case of a symptomatic lipoma involving the cerebral cortex is reported. The patient presented with severe headaches and recurring focal seizures with secondary generalization. Computer tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging suggested a left frontoparietal lipoma. After undergoing a craniotomy and tumor excision, the patient has shown resolution of headaches and seizures at 1-year follow-up. Lipomas of the cerebral cortex should be excised if symptomatic and accessible.
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PMID:Lipoma of the cerebral cortex: case report. 847 15

Lipoma of the corpus callosum is a rare congenital intracranial tumor. Although only 153 cases had been reported as of March 1992, the incidence of this tumor is underestimated (some cases are unpublished and others are asymptomatic). Three cases of lipoma of the corpus callosum diagnosed in children are reported herein. These tumors may be either discovered fortuitously in an asymptomatic patient or responsible for manifestations of which the most common are seizures, headache, and mental disorders. Diagnosis rests on imaging techniques. The main investigation is computed tomography which discloses a mass composed of fat, with or without peripheral calcifications, and also identifies any other malformations such as dysgenesis of the corpus callosum.
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PMID:[Lipoma of the corpus callosum. 3 case reports and review of the literature]. 848 63

A 4-year-old Japanese boy with an intracranial lipoma above the surface of the left centroparietal lobes is reported. Paresthesia occurred in the right lower extremity. This symptom continued for 30 min and recurred several times a day. Three weeks after onset, the paresthesia disappeared spontaneously. Ten months after onset, generalized tonic seizures occurred. Routine cranial computed tomography at onset revealed no remarkable lesion, but subsequently full scans, including the slice at the top of the cerebrum, revealed low-density areas on the surface of the left centroparietal lobes. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hyperintense area in the same regions. The intensity of these areas was decreased by the fat saturation technique; therefore, an intracranial lipoma at a very rare site was diagnosed.
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PMID:Lipoma on surface of centroparietal lobes. 849 45


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