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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Transient global amnesia is a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden onset of short-term memory loss followed by retrograde amnesia in an otherwise healthy subject. During the attack, the patient remains alert and retains much of his personal identity. The patient usually becomes upset and concerned about his memory loss. This condition may be diagnosed incorrectly as hysteria, psychosis, or temporal lobe seizure, despite its unique clinical features.
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PMID:Transient global amnesia. 42 19

The clinical features and management of nine cases of mushroom poisoning due to Amanita pantherina (eight cases) and Amanita muscaria (one case) admitted to a children's hospital are described. Most ingestions were in the toddler age group with males being more frequently involved. Symptoms occurred between 30-180 min with the onset of central nervous system depression, ataxia, waxing and waning obtundation, hallucinations, intermittent hysteria or hyperkinetic behavior. Vomiting was rare. Seizures or myoclonic twitching occurred in 4/9 patients, but was controlled with standard anticonvulsant therapy. No other anticholinergic or cholinergic signs were prominent. Recovery was rapid and complete in all patients.
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PMID:Mushroom poisoning in infants and children: the Amanita pantherina/muscaria group. 134 20

Review of electroencephalography (EEG) requests at KNH over a 3 year period is presented. Majority of patients were aged between 0 and 10 years. None was older than 80 years. The epilepsies were the commonest reason for requesting EEG (58.5%). SSPE had the highest positivity rate of 91.7% followed by convulsive states of uncertain aetiology. The symptom of headache by itself was the least rewarding to study by EEG. It was more rewarding to first attempt to make a diagnosis of the headache. Hysteria had an EEG positivity rate of 40%, most of them being epilepsy. EEG picture for petit-mal, epilepsy focal seizure and generalized seizures are included in the text.
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PMID:The experience with electroencephalography at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. 164 44

Intermittent unilateral tonic posturing of the limbs may relate to focal motor epilepsy, intermittent dystonia or hysteria, and diagnosis may be difficult. Five patients are presented who illustrate two distinct hemitonic syndromes which we believe to be epileptic, namely forced elevation of one arm and paroxysmal hemispasm. It is suggested that these attacks follow an irritative lesion involving the supplementary motor cortex and a deep lesion involving striatothalamic projections respectively. Brevity of episodes, their stereotyped nature and rapid response to anticonvulsant drugs supports an epileptic etiology. The term paroxysmal hemidystonia may not be appropriate for patients with intermittent stereotyped disorders of limb posture, where the clinical features support an epileptic basis and we suggest the designation hemitonic seizures.
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PMID:Hemitonic seizures: etiological and diagnostic considerations. 192 61

We studied the serum prolactin levels in 35 cases with various types of seizures viz. generalized tonicolonic seizures (GTC), complex partial seizures (CPS), and simple partial seizures (SPS). We also studied 20 cases with pseudoseizure (hysteria) presenting in an epileptiform manner. Twenty two normal healthy subjects were also studied. All the cases were studied both in the postictal and interictal periods. Serum prolactin rose significantly in the postictal periods in patients with GTC and CPS, but patients with SPS or pseudoseizure did not demonstrate this rise. Thus serum prolactin estimation can be of help in differentiating true generalized seizures from pseudoseizure presenting in an epileptiform manner.
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PMID:Value of serum prolactin in differentiating epilepsy from pseudoseizure. 193 64

A retrospective study of children presenting with pain to the Child Guidance Clinic, during 1984-85 revealed 101 cases of hysteria and 22 of psychalgia. Children in these two groups did not differ significantly with respect to sex, age, education or occupation of parent. Children with psychalgia presented significantly later, and more frequently complained of headaches and abdominal pain. Children with hysteria presented with seizures, abdominal pain and anxiety symptoms. Pain can be of psychological origin also. Early diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary investigations and reinforcement of the "sick role".
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PMID:A clinical analysis of hysteria and psychalgia. 275 53

A sample of 148 child and adolescent psychiatric patients with hysterical neurosis is described as to the variables features and extent of symptomatology, age and sex distribution, psychosocial adversity and prognostic factors. Out of the "classical" symptoms seizures, walking disturbances, twilight attacks and paralyses were seen most frequently whereas vision and hearing disturbances were rather rare. Only one fifth of the patients presented a monosymptomatological pattern of disturbance. Mean age at falling ill was 13.4 years, just three children were younger than 6 years. Our clinical results buttressed by other reports of the child and adolescent psychiatric literature indicate that the traditional concept of hysteria postulating a close link between somatical symptom development and a specific intrapsychic conflict is hardly tenable at least for childhood and adolescence. Classification should be rather grounded upon an essential phenomenological approach as designed by ICD 10.
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PMID:[Hysterical neuroses in childhood and adolescence]. 361 52

We studied personality features of 19 patients with pseudoseizures (PS) only. Scores on a personality inventory (MMPI) were compared with those of adults with generalized seizures and correlated to cognitive measures (Halstead-Reitan). Mean MMPI scores did not differ significantly, and no profile distinguished PS and epilepsy patients. MMPI abnormalities of PS patients were diverse and seldom characteristic of hysteria. Eight PS patients had cognitive impairment, two without MMPI evidence of personality disorder. These findings suggest that the etiology of pseudoseizures is multifactorial, involving different psychopathologies and sometimes cerebral dysfunction.
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PMID:Personality of patients with pseudoseizures. 370 65

Complex partial seizures (CPSs) of extratemporal origin are frequently misdiagnosed. Common reasons for diagnostic errors are failure to recognize the epileptic cause of the attacks or to appreciate localizing clinical seizure characteristics and nonspecific or misleading scalp EEG findings. This report describes clinical characteristics of two types of extratemporal CPSs, frontal and occipital. Frontal lobe CPSs are brief, frequent attacks that begin and end suddenly. They are dominated by complex, semi-purposeful motor automatisms, and vocalization and sexual automatisms are common. Their often bizarre appearance frequently leads to a misdiagnosis of hysteria. Occipital lobe CPSs are characterized primarily by their spread pattern, which can follow various paths. They may mimic temporal lobe CPSs, sensorimotor partial seizures, or supplementary motor partial seizures. Scalp EEGs are frequently misleading. The initial clinical symptoms are the most important clue to correct diagnosis and include elemental visual symptoms, visual loss, eye pulling or movement sensations in the absence of detectable movement, rapid forced blinking or eye flutter, and contralateral eye deviation.
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PMID:Clinical and EEG features of complex partial seizures of extratemporal origin. 372 Jul 13

Preoperative variables from a full range of medical specialties were used to predict degree of seizure relief from cortical resection surgery as treatment for epilepsy in 100 patients. General, seizure history, electroencephalographic (EEG), radiological, surgical, and psychological/neuropsychological data were considered. The patients were divided into one large predictive group (n = 75) and a smaller independent cross-validation sample (n = 25). Eight predictive variables emerged: single EEG focus; anterior-midtemporal lobe discharges; discharges only from the side of surgery; rate of occurrence of discharges in surgical area; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Digit Symbol subtest; Marching Test, preferred hand, time; Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Hysteria scale score; and MMPI Paranoia scale score. By use of multivariate procedures, increased predictability of surgical outcome was obtained not only with the predictive group but with the independent cross-validation sample. The results demonstrate that predictions of seizure relief from epilepsy surgery can be made with 80% accuracy using multiple, rather than single, predictors.
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PMID:Multidisciplinary prediction of seizure relief from cortical resection surgery. 374 Aug 13


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