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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of an intracranial cavernous angioma, which presented with headaches and seizures in a pregnant patient, is described. Diagnosis was established with magnetic resonance imaging. A computer-assisted literature search uncovered no previously reported case of intracranial cavernous angioma initially presenting during pregnancy.
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PMID:Intracranial cavernous angioma initially presenting in pregnancy with new-onset seizures. 953 36

A normotensive, non-smoking 41-year-old female with a history of generalized seizures from the age of 4 years presented with a left middle cerebral artery (MCA) fusiform aneurysm and an ipsilateral frontal lobe cavernous hemangioma. Surgical exploration demonstrated that the fusiform aneurysm-like lesion was a dolichoectatic MCA with no arteriosclerotic change. The pathogenesis of dolichoectasia is obscure, but the association of a dolichoectatic MCA and an intracranial cavernous hemangioma is suggestive of congenital factors.
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PMID:Association of a dolichoectatic middle cerebral artery and an intracranial cavernous hemangioma--case report. 954 Mar 32

We report a case of an oligodendroglioma associated with a cavernous angioma. The patient, a 20-year-old man with an 8-year history of epileptic seizures, presented an acute onset of headache, nausea, and vomiting. Computerized tomographic scan and angiogram revealed multiple vascular malformations in both hemispheres including a cystic hemorraghic lesion with a perifocal edema attributing to a mass effect. Repeated puncture of the cyst failed to give improvement of elevated intracranial pressure. At surgery, the cyst and the underlying lesion were excised and found to be oligodendrocyte-rich tissue with malformed vascular tissue. Final histological examination revealed an oligodendroglioma associated with a cavernous angioma. As concurrence of oligodendroglioma and vascular malformation is rare, this case raises a broad range of differential diagnoses such as reactive oligodendroglial gliosis due to a vascular malformation, unusual vascularity of an oligodendroglioma as well as other kinds of cerebral tumors or malformations. The diagnostic difficulties as well as the pathogenetic and pathological significance of the concurrence of an oligodendroglioma and cavernous angioma are discussed.
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PMID:Association of oligodendroglioma-like cell proliferation and angiomatous vasculature--coincidence or pathogenetically related lesions? 956 27

Between July 1992, and February 1997, 15 patients with cavernous malformations underwent interactive image-guided resection of their lesions. There were eight women and seven men in the group, ranging in age from 6 years to 62 years (mean 34 years). Clinical presentations included seizures (n = 7), headache (n = 4), and hemorrhage (n = 4). Prior conventional subtotal resection had been performed in one patient, and a history of prior hemorrhage was found for two patients. Diagnosis was made using magnetic resonance imaging and digital substraction angiography. Locations of the lesions were temporal (n = 9), frontal (n = 3), thalamus (n = 1), basal ganglia (n = 1), and pons (n = 1). Size ranged from 9 to 20 mm (mean 12 mm). For those lesions located near or within eloquent areas (n = 7), an awake craniotomy with functional cortical and subcortical mapping was performed. An infrared system was used intraoperatively to confirm the location and the extent of the resection of these lesions in real time. In 1996 we started using a robotic microscope to aid in localization and resection. Clinical follow-up ranged from 2 to 54 months (mean 27 months). In all 15 patients, complete surgical resection was achieved as demonstrated by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging studies. Two patients had postoperative transient neurological deficits (13.3%) that cleared over a 6-month period. One of them had a lesion in the pons, with multiple cranial nerve deficits postoperatively that gradually improved. There was no associated mortality. Histological diagnosis was consistent with cavernous angioma in all cases. Clinical follow-up revealed that 13 patients experienced complete recovery from preoperative symptoms and two patients with seizures showed marked improvement. We conclude that interactive image-guided surgery for deep-seated cavernous malformations represents a very accurate and safe approach.
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PMID:Interactive image-guided resection of cerebral cavernous malformations. 958 94

Surgery of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and of cavernous angiomas (cavernoma) in the majority of cases is indicated subsequently to episodes of bleeding. With the development of techniques for diagnosis and surgery for epilepsy of difficult control, indication for surgery of these vascular lesions has become greater. We present nine patients with cerebral vascular lesions and very frequent crises in spite of adequate clinical treatment. Ages ranged from 12 to 42 years with an average of 25 years; there was a prevalence of the male sex (2:1). Surgery consisted of exercises of the lesion in all cases and in four there was also resection of the perilesional irritative area shown by electrocorticography. The pathologic study of lesions showed five cases of cavernoma, three cases of AVM, and one case of venous angioma. As to localization, we observed three lesions in the temporal lobe, four in the frontal, and two in the parietal region. Outpatient follow-up showed a reduction in crises in all of the patients, and seven evolved seizure free following surgery.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of cerebral vascular pathologies in epileptic patients]. 962 56

Insular epilepsy has been rarely reported and its clinical and electrographic features are poorly understood. The electrographic study of the insula is difficult since it is hidden from the brain surface by the frontal and temporal lobe. A 48 years-old woman started having simple partial autonomic and complex partial seizures with automatisms and ictal left arm paresis 8 years prior to admission. Seizure's frequency was 1 per week. Pre-operative EEG showed a right temporal lobe focus. Neuropsychological testing disclosed right fronto-temporal dysfunction. MRI showed a right anterior insular cavernous angioma. Intraoperative ECoG obtained after splitting of the sylvian fissure showed independent spiking from the insula and temporal lobe and insular spikes that spread to the temporal lobe. The cavernous angioma and the surrounding gliotic tissue were removed and the temporal lobe was left in place. Post-resection ECoG still disclosed independent temporal and insular spiking with a lower frequency. The patient has been seizure-free since surgery. Insular epilepsy may share many clinical and electroencephalographic features with temporal lobe epilepsy.
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PMID:Insular epilepsy. Similarities to temporal lobe epilepsy. Case report. 968 34

A 21-year-old male presented with temporal lobe epilepsy associated with a venous angioma in the ipsilateral frontal lobe, presenting as intractable complex partial seizures. Neuroimaging showed a cerebral venous angioma in the right dorsolateral and opercular frontal lobe, and atrophy of the right hippocampus. As the ictal electroencephalogram (EEG) obtained with subdural electrodes indicated spike discharges initiating from the right mesial temporal lobe, temporal lobectomy was performed. The patient was seizure-free after the operation. Patients with epilepsy who have a cerebral venous angioma require precise analysis of the seizure pattern and an ictal EEG because of cerebral venous angioma may be associated with an another epileptogenic lesion which is surgically treatable.
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PMID:Temporal lobe epilepsy associated with cerebral venous angioma--case report. 974 47

We present a case of cystic cavernous angioma in an 18-year-old woman with the chief complaint of acute onset of seizures. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a tumor with a slightly enhanced solid calcified portion and a large cystic portion. The patient was well without recurrence 6 months after surgery. The importance of MR imaging in the differential diagnoses is emphasized.
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PMID:Intracranial cystic cavernous angioma: a case report. 979 5

Abnormal intracranial venous drainage called cerebral venous angioma is usually asymptomatic. Hemorrhages and seizures may however occur. The malformation may rarely be revealed by thrombosis. We report the case of a 25-year-old right-handed woman who developed cortical thrombophlebitis subsequent to developmental venous anomalies. After a course of anticoagulant therapy, outcome was good, demonstrating that anticoagulant therapy may be indicated in spite of the high risk of hemorrhage.
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PMID:[Cortical thrombophlebitis and developmental venous anomalies]. 1009 49

Meningioangiomatosis (MA) is a rare, benign, focal lesion of the leptomeninges and underlying cerebral cortex characterized by leptomeningeal and meningovascular proliferation. It may occur sporadically or in association with neurofibromatosis type 2. Previous reports have emphasized histological and imaging features. Data on the management of these patients are sparse, and electrophysiological features of MA lesions have not been published. We assessed the clinical, electrophysiological, histopathological and imaging features as well as the surgical outcome in MA, and compared MA with and without neurofibromatosis. Seven patients with MA at our centre were investigated and their outcome was assessed. A review of the literature is included. MA exhibits a wide range of clinical, imaging, histopathological and electrophysiological features, making the diagnosis difficult. Sporadic MA cases are not associated with neurofibromatosis and the two disorders are genetically distinct. Medically refractory, localization-related epilepsy is the commonest presentation in sporadic cases, but atypical presentations also occur. Unlike sporadic cases, MA with neurofibromatosis is often found incidentally, does not produce seizures, occurs less frequently (ratio of 1:4), and is multifocal. MRI findings in MA correspond to the histological picture. However, the appearance on imaging is non-specific and may suggest cystic atrophy, angioma and tumours. Several abnormalities have been found in close proximity to MA lesions, i.e. meningioma, oligodendroglioma, arteriovenous malformation, encephalocoel and orbital erosion. In spite of histopathological diversity, MA lesions are either predominantly cellular or vascular. Immunohistochemical results are inconsistent among cases, add little to the diagnosis, and do not support a meningeal origin. Electrocorticographic recordings from the surface and within MA lesions revealed a spectrum of electrophysiological expressions. Intrinsic epileptogenicity of MA lesions was documented in some cases. Epileptogenicity was confined to the perilesional cortex in some patients and it was complex (extralesional, multifocal, generalized) in others. Only 43% of our patients became seizure-free postoperatively compared with 68% previously reported, and >70% of our patients and those in the literature continued to require antiepileptic drugs. This is in keeping with the diverse electrophysiology of MA and suggests a less optimistic postoperative outcome than previously recognized.
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PMID:Meningioangiomatosis. A comprehensive analysis of clinical and laboratory features. 1021 83


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