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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thrombosed arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the predominant type of occult vascular malformation and do not seem to differ significantly in clinical or radiographic presentation from other types of occult vascular malformations. Thrombosed AVMs and occult vascular malformations occasionally present with symptoms secondary to subacute or occult hemorrhage that requires operation. The histopathology of thrombosed AVMs and occult vascular malformations does not seem to have prognostic significance. Five patients with histologically verified thrombosed AVMs are reported. Two patients had previous incomplete resection of histologically proven thrombosed AVMs and presented with recurrence and bleeding. Two patients presented with seizures and headaches, and one patient presented with hemiparesis and headache. All histology specimens had evidence of hemorrhage. The pathological findings of these lesions seem variable; two specimens contained a mixture of cavernous angioma and AVM. Two previously resected lesions had been defined histologically as thrombosed AVMs. Successful excision of the lesions was accomplished in four patients, and one patient had stereotactic biopsy. The magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of lesions seem to add a degree of specificity over computed tomography and angiography. We have found that the literature poorly describes the natural history and histology of these lesions. Conservative management for seizures and headaches due to thrombosed AVMs may not be warranted because of a propensity for hemorrhage and recurrence.
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PMID:Thrombosed arteriovenous malformations: a type of occult vascular malformation. Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological correlations. 320 Mar 91

Two patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MEP) serve to emphasize the variability of this group of diseases. Cerebral insults, mitochondrial cardiopathy, relapsing ileus, cerebral angioma, ataxia, and myoclonic seizures characterized the first case of an adult man with similar diseases in his family, interpreted as transitional form between mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) and myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged red fibers (MERRF). The second patient, a floppy infant with cardiomyopathy and myoclonism, statomotoric and mental retardation showed combined defects in mitochondrial respiratory chain at NADH-CoQ reductase and cytochrome c oxidase and a deficiency of carnitine. In both patients neuropathologically criteria of Leigh's syndrome could be demonstrated in the cerebral cortex, in case 2 also clinically. The classificatory problems of the relationships between KSS, MELAS, MERRF, Leigh's as well as Alpers' syndromes are discussed.
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PMID:Mitochondrial myopathies with necrotizing encephalopathy of the Leigh type. 322 73

Thirteen cases of cerebral cavernous angiomas are reported, and their radiological and pathological features are reviewed. The clinical presentation was variable: 53.8% of patients had seizures, 30.8% intracerebral hemorrhage, and 15.4% focal neurological signs, including one unusual case that presented as a cerebellopontine angle tumor. The computerized tomography (CT) scans were abnormal in all cases. Angiography was positive only when there was mass effect due to associated hematoma. Surgery was performed in 12 cases with good results. The prognosis of the 13 cases was favorable, with no mortality in this series. These data suggest that the combination of a recent seizure disorder with a hyperdense intracerebral nodule on the CT scanning should alert the neurosurgeon to the possibility of a cavernous angioma.
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PMID:Intracranial cavernous angioma: presentation and management. 370 20

This is a case report of intracranial multiple cavernous angioma occurred in a member of a lineage of familial cavernous angioma. This lineage had manifested multiple small angiomata in the extremities on seven members in her family. The patient, somewhat retarded 19-year-old woman, was admitted to Fukuoka University Hospital because of convulsive seizure and headache occurred several months before admission. She had a large head and her IQ was 71. Bilateral mild hearing disturbance and a vascular anomaly in the left eyeground were noted. There were multiple hypodermic nodules on four extremities. EEG showed spike and wave focus in the right parietal region with irregular background. Plain skull X-ray disclosed scattered small calcifications. CT scan revealed multiple high density areas in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres and splenium and cerebral angiograms presented avascular mass in the right parietal region. The tumor in the right parietal lobe which seemed to be epileptogenic focus and the hypodermic nodules of the upper extremities were removed. Pathological findings of intracranial mass and hypodermic nodule were similar, these were cavernous angioma. The mother and a younger brother of the patient had similar hypodermic nodules on the extremities, and brother's nodule was removed and confirmed cavernous angioma. Eight families of familial cavernous angioma were described in the literature. This presented case is a peculiar one on the view-point of occurrence in the central nervous system among the familial hypodermic manifestation on the extremities and coexistence of retinal vascular anomaly.
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PMID:[Multiple and familial cavernous angiomas in the brain and extremities--case report]. 370 45

A case classified to "cerebral venous dysgenesis" (Kagawa et al 1972) is reported. A 16-year-old girl was admitted complaining of psychomotor seizure which began seven years before. At the first admission (seven years ago) she was diagnosed as psychomotor seizure and cerebral venous dysgenesis by CT scan, EEG and cerebral angiography. Then she was treated by medication (anticonvulsants) for seven years. At the second admission (this time) left temporal lobectomy was performed by means of monitoring the cortical EEG. CT scan showed atrophy of the left temporal lobe. Spike and wave complex was seen in EEG. Carotid angiography disclosed the abnormal networks among the fine venules and their connection to tortuous and coiling veins. The abnormality was seen in the frontal, parietal, and temporal area. After operation psychomotor seizure has been controlled by medication. Pathologically tortuous vessels, gliosis and arachnoidal fibrosis were shown. This case should be classified to "cerebral venous dysgenesis" differentiated from the venous angioma. Classification of venous malformation, clinical signs, angiographical findings, and genesis were discussed.
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PMID:[A case report of cerebral venous dysgenesis]. 378 68

Thirteen cases of large cerebral angiomas were followed up for a long time. The authors report on epileptic seizures and point out that epilepsy appears in large malformations, whereas small ones are mostly associated with hemorrhage. The authors describe the clinical picture of every case and the types of epileptic manifestations that are determined by angioma localization. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of antiepileptics as well as the diagnostic value of the EEG, CT of the brain, and angiography are discussed.
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PMID:[Epileptic seizures as a symptom of arteriovenous angiomas of the brain]. 392 42

The histopathological, clinical, and radiological features of the intracranial cavernous angioma are reviewed, based on an analysis of 138 symptomatic, histologically verified cases. Twelve of the cases are from our own series and 126 were collected from appropriately documented reports in the modern literature. The analysis indicated that, at the time of diagnosis, one-third of the patients (49 cases) were being evaluated for seizures, one-third (40 cases) for clinical evidence of hemorrhage, and one-third (49 cases) for mass lesions. Unlike the other two groups, the group presenting with clinical evidence of hemorrhage was distinguished by a dominant age at the time of diagnosis (41% were diagnosed during the 4th decade of life), by a high incidence of prior neurological evaluation (43%), by a higher rate of diagnosis at autopsy (28%) than at operation, and by the absence of microscopic calcification within the lesion.
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PMID:Cavernous angioma: a review of 126 collected and 12 new clinical cases. 396 Feb 93

Clinical, computed tomography and angiography investigations were conducted in 15 cases of venous angioma of brain. These rare malformations (70 cases reported) are often asymptomatic or are revealed by the onset of epileptic seizures. The scanner produced images suggestive of a vascular malformation in 80% of cases. However, the purely venous character of the angioma and its exact site require confirmation supplied by angiography only, the lesion provoking characteristic images from the latter examination.
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PMID:[X-ray computed tomographic and angiographic aspects of venous angiomas of the brain. Apropos of 15 cases]. 403 55

8 cases of cavernous haemangiomas operated and histologically proven are presented. 5 patients (5/8) were admitted because of epileptic seizures, one patient (1/8) because of pure headache, another one because of a focal neurological defect and the last because of intracranial hypertension. Computed axial tomography is a sensitive procedure for detection of cavernomas. Of 7 cases examined by this technique, 7 (7/7) have shown a well circumscribed round or oval hyperdense nodule, with calcifications in 6/7 cases, a slight surrounding oedema in 3/7 cases and without mass effect, except if there is a visible hematoma at operation (2/8). After contrast administration, 5/7 malformations were enhanced and 2/7 displayed draining veins, a fact that we underline. The differential diagnosis includes a low grade calcified glioma, a thrombosed arterio-venous malformation, a venous angioma or an intracerebral hematoma. Surgical excision is the best treatment of these vascular malformations that bleed frequently, and improved all the patients in this series (8/8).
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PMID:[Intracerebral cavernous angiomas]. 408 98

The Sturge-Weber syndrome is characterized by the presence of a leptomeningeal hemangioma variably associated with a facial nevus flammeus, seizure disorder, mental retardation, hemiparesis, homonymous hemianopsia, glaucoma, and other signs and symptoms. The relationship between the cutaneous manifestations and the other features of this disorder was studied in 35 patients. We observed that all patients with the facial nevus flammeus had involvement of the upper eye lid or forehead. Bilateral cutaneous involvement was common and when present, was often associated with extensive lesions of the trunk and extremities. The distribution of the cutaneous lesions appeared to be unrelated to that of the trigeminal nerve. A subgroup of patients, the syndrome's "forme fruste," were identified. There appeared to be no relationship between the presence and extent of the cutaneous lesions and the observed seizure disorder, difficulty of seizure control, intellectual deficit, hemiparesis, homonymous hemianopsia, and intracranial calcification. Notably, the "forme fruste" patients appeared to be spared from glaucomatous involvement and from choroidal hemangioma. We will also discuss other aspects of this syndrome.
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PMID:The cutaneous manifestations of Sturge-Weber syndrome. 622 7


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