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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine whether complicated febrile seizures occur more often in children with a proven viral infection, we performed viral examinations on 144 children with febrile convulsions, of whom 112 had simple and 32 had complicated seizures. A diagnosis of virus infection was verified in 46% of the former patients and 53% of the latter. Three adenoviruses, one parainfluenza virus type 2 and one type 3, one respiratory syncytial virus, one echovirus type 11, one herpes simplex virus type 2, and one influenza B virus were isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid. A simple febrile convulsion occurred in seven children with a positive cerebrospinal fluid viral isolation, and two had a complex febrile seizure. In a follow-up of 2 to 4 years (mean 3.3 years), 21 of the 107 children with simple seizures (19.6%) and 3 of the 32 children with complicated seizures (9.4%) had recurrent febrile seizures. The children with positive evidence for a viral infection, even with a virus isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid, had no more recurrences than those without any proven viral infection. We conclude that children with a proven viral infection have no worse prognosis than those without.
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PMID:Viral infections and recurrences of febrile convulsions. 239 13

We conducted an epidemiological survey of epilepsy among males born in 1967 who were called for selection for military service from the Lombardy region in northern Italy. Of 54,520 subjects, 258 had active epilepsy (prevalence, 0.47%). Idiopathic partial epilepsy was most common (29.1%), and generalized idiopathic and/or symptomatic epilepsy was least common (3.8%). In the year preceding the interview, 66.9% of the subjects had been free of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, 57.6% had been free of minor seizures, and 36.9% were seizure-free. Case histories revealed a background of febrile convulsions in 18.9% of subjects, status epilepticus in 11.3%, and a family history of epilepsy in 18.9%. Physical and mental development was normal in 75.5% of the subjects. Education level of subjects was lower than a control group, and the unemployment rate was the same as the local rate.
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PMID:Epidemiologic survey of epilepsy among Army draftees in Lombardy, Italy. 230 9

One hundred and fifty children with febrile convulsions (FC) were followed up for 3-10 years. They were divided into two groups: group A consisted of 120 children whose disorder was under control, and group B 30 patients in whom the disorder was not under control. Risk factors for uncontrolled FC and later development of epilepsy were looked into. In group A, 8 patients (6.6%) developed epilepsy, while another 3 (2.5%) had a single afebrile seizure. In group B, 10 (33.3%) children developed epilepsy, while 1 (3.3%) had a single afebrile seizure. The difference in the later occurrence of epilepsy between the two groups was statistically significant.
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PMID:Prognosis and risk factors in febrile convulsions: a prospective study of 150 children in Kuwait. 233 26

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has recently proved to be a useful marker of neuron damage. We determined NSE levels in the serum and CSF of 117 children with various neurological disorders (43 with febrile convulsion, 25 with seizure disorder, 32 with meningitis, 3 with brain tumor, 2 with Reye syndrome, 3 with congenital CNS malformation and 9 with other disorders). The purpose of this study is to assess the potential usefulness of NSE in diagnosis and prognosis. Twenty CSF and serum samples of children without neurological problem served as a control. The mean values of the NSE levels in the CSF and serum of the control group were 5.00 +/- 1.65 ng/ml and 8.34 +/- 4.40 ng/ml respectively. The peak values were found in cases with brain tumor. A patient died of Reye syndrome didn't show a very high level of NSE in the serum or CSF. However, we found significant differences in NSE levels between the patients with febrile convulsions and those with seizure disorders (non-febrile, abnormal EEG). Most of our patients with febrile convulsions were cases of simple febrile convulsion, and their NSE levesin the CSF and serum were 4.55 +/- 1.00 and 8.06 +/- 3.18 ng/ml. Cases with non-febrile seizure disorders had significantly higher level of NSE in both CSF and serum (P less than 0.05). Patients with purulent meningitis usually had higher levels than those with aseptic meningitis. Our study can be summarized thus: 1. A normal level of NSE does not exclude severe neuron damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Studies of neuron-specific enolase levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of children with neurological diseases. 234 56

An epidemiological community-based study of incident cases with non-provoked epileptic seizures, using case-referent methodology, was carried out to explore possible risk factors for epileptic seizures. 83 cases, between 17 and 74 years of age, of whom 67.4% had seizures of localized onset, were compared with 2 age- and sex-matched referents. Higher birth weight, movement disabilities, mental retardation, head trauma, brain tumor, depression, a period of unemployment during the previous 6 months and a history of epilepsy in relatives were more common in cases than in referent subjects. No difference was found in the socioeconomic factors investigated, except that the cases belonged to smaller households. Prematurity, home or hospital birth, parents' age at birth of cases or referents, febrile convulsions in relatives, various infections including meningitis and encephalitis, cerebrovascular disease, and alcohol, tobacco, sleep and nutritional habits were not found to be associated with development of seizures. The recent life events investigated, at home or at work, occurred as often in cases as in referents, except that significantly fewer cases had received any increase in salary during the last 6 months. The relationship between depression and development of seizures should be explored further. Moreover, the possibility of false negative results should be considered because of the sample size.
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PMID:An incident case-referent study of epileptic seizures in adults. 235 57

We studied clinical, EEG and developmental features of 46 epileptic children following febrile convulsions. Incidence of developing epilepsy was 9.9 percent. Eleven patients (group G) out of 46 had generalized epileptic seizures, and 34 patients (group P) had partial seizures. Febrile convulsions of early onset, partial seizures and postictal neurological symptoms were more striking in group P (p less than 0.05), whereas febrile convulsions of late onset and prolonged seizures were slightly dominant in group G. And EEG abnormalities were more frequent in group P (p less than 0.05). Group P patients had significant number of risk factors (complex features of febrile convulsions) than group G patients (p less than 0.01). The interval between the last febrile convulsion and subsequent epileptic seizures was shorter in group G (p less than 0.01). Although subsequent epileptic seizures were well controlled in the both groups (91% in group G and 82% in group P), intractable seizures were recognized in 9% of group P patients. The patients who had risk factors of prolonged seizures, postictal neurological symptoms and early onset manifested poor controlled epileptic seizures (p less than 0.01). Motor or mental deficits were more frequently associated with group P: in some patients they had been observed before the onset of febrile convulsions. These results suggest that pathogenesis of epilepsy following febrile convulsions may be different among various seizure types of subsequent epilepsy. And the risk factors during febrile convulsions may be related to the prognosis of subsequent epileptic seizures as well as the incidence of developing epilepsy.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of the patients with epilepsy following febrile convulsions]. 236 61

An epidemiologic survey began on March 1, 1984, and ended on February 28, 1985. During this period, all neurologists and electroencephalographers of the department of Gironde, an administrative district of the French Southwest (1,128,164 residents in 1982) obtained information by questionnaire from all persons who had experienced an epileptic seizure for the first time in their lives. Recurrent, isolated, and situation-related seizures were included. Febrile convulsions and neonatal seizures were excluded. The global incidence rate of diagnosed epileptic seizures was 71.3/100,000. The incidence rates per year and per 100,000 persons by type of epileptic syndrome were 1.7 for idiopathic and 13.6 for symptomatic localization-related epilepsies, 5.6 for idiopathic and 1.1 for symptomatic generalized epilepsies, 1.9 for undermined epilepsies, 29.0 for situation-related seizures, 18.3 for isolated seizures, and 0.3 for television epilepsies. Other epileptic syndromes were not represented. Using a classification of epileptic syndromes and not of epileptic seizures reduces difficulties in an epidemiologic survey. Diagnosis of an epileptic syndrome is time dependent, however, and at follow-up some patients shift from one group to another.
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PMID:Survey of seizure disorders in the French southwest. I. Incidence of epileptic syndromes. 236 75

The risk of recurrence after an initial febrile seizure was 25% in a population-based cohort of 639 children followed from their first febrile seizure. Prognostic factors were an increasing risk of recurrence with younger age at first febrile seizure, a first degree relative with febrile seizures and complex features of the first febrile seizure. The effect of complex features was modified by age at first febrile seizure and family history in that complex features alone did not increase risk of recurrence but further increased the risk for children under 18 months at first seizure and/or with a positive family history. The prognostic factors for all febrile convulsions recurrences were also prognostic for having subsequent complex febrile convulsions. Children with none of the prognostic factors had only a 3% risk of a future complex febrile seizure while children under 18 months at first febrile convulsion and a positive family history or complex features had about a 20% risk of a subsequent complex febrile seizure.
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PMID:Recurrence of febrile convulsions in a population-based cohort. 238 76

The case-control study of febrile seizures in childhood described here, comprising 472 case-control pairs in western Washington, was designed to investigate the importance of prenatal exposures as risk factors for febrile seizures and to determine the degree to which two clinical subtypes of febrile seizures (simple and complex) have different risk factors. Maternal cigarette smoking and alcohol intake during pregnancy were associated with the risk of a febrile seizure in the child. Prenatal maternal cigarette smoking was associated with a twofold increase in the risk of a simple febrile seizure (95% confidence interval 1.2-3.4), and a strong dose-response relation was found. This association could not be explained by maternal demographic variables, maternal alcohol intake, child's birth weight, or childhood medical history variables. Prenatal maternal alcohol intake was associated with a twofold increase in the risk of a complex febrile seizure (95% confidence interval 1.3-3.8), and a strong dose-response relation was present. This association could not be explained by maternal age, race, education, or cigarette smoking. These results suggest that curtailment of smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, a measure already widely prescribed during pregnancy, may also be an effective means of preventing childhood febrile seizures.
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PMID:Risk of febrile seizures in childhood in relation to prenatal maternal cigarette smoking and alcohol intake. 238 51

Part I. The EEG recordings of 434 patients were activated by graded sleep deprivation. In clinically manifest epilepsies with a predominantly negative EEG tracing at rest the incidence of epileptic manifestations increased after sleep deprivation from 18.03% to 59.01%, in clinically suspect epilepsies from 6.4% to 39.0%. In other paroxysmal affections such as febrile convulsions, syncopes and collapses, paroxysms of abdominal pain or headaches, affective paroxysms and nocturnal terrors, the tracing activation by sleep deprivation mostly facilitated differential diagnosis between those affections and epilepsy. In organic cerebral affections with or without epileptic seizures activation by sleep deprivation led to an increase in the occurrence of epileptic manifestations from 11.4% to 50.0% of the recordings. The authors conclude that graded sleep deprivation is a very useful activation method for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Part II. The authors studied the occurrence of generalized 2-5 Hz high-amplitude slow wave episodes in 244 patients before and after sleep deprivation. They found such episodes in the resting recordings of 37 patients and in the post-deprivation recordings of 85 patients. The described episodes were mostly observed during sleepiness and superficial sleep. They were significantly more frequent in children and adolescents than in adults. The occurrence of slow wave episodes was ascertained in epileptic as well as non-epileptic affections such as affective attacks in children, night terrors, paroxysms of abdominal pain or headaches, febrile convulsions and organic brain affections without epileptic seizures. The authors conclude that the above episodes are a non-specific manifestation of increased susceptibility to paroxysmal synchronization of EEG rhythms. Their occurrence in young children can, however, be considered normal.
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PMID:Activation of EEG recordings by graded sleep deprivation. 242 21


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