Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The survival and clonogenic growth (measured in terms of colony forming efficiency (CFE) of intravenously injected (i.v.) Walker (W256) tumour cells in the lungs of rats was greatly enhanced by states of topical and systemic stress induced by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of rats with a single dose of 10(-5)-10(-3) mmol g-1 body weight of adrenaline and other beta-adrenergic agonists, inflammatory agents (including local x-irradiation), convulsive seizures, "tumbling" or physical restraint. Lowering of innate resistance of the host to growth of seeded tumour cells induced by states of topical and systemic stress, and by the addition of an excess of lethally irradiated (LI) tumour cells to i.v. injected intact tumour cells, were all potentiated by treatment of rats with aminophylline, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Enhancement of tumour growth by systemic stress was inhibited by bilateral total or medullary adrenalectomy and is attributed to the release and actions of endogenous adreno-medullary hormones. Alpha-adrenergic and most non-adrenergic agents administered in maximum tolerated doses did not significantly affect host resistance to tumour growth in the lungs. These findings, correlated with measurements of cyclic AMP in the lungs of normal and stressed rats, suggest that changes in the resistance of the host to tumour growth involve changes in cyclic nucleotide metabolism in the target tissues (tumour bed); possible mechanisms of action of cyclic nucleotides in this respect are discussed.
Br J Cancer 1976 Jan
PMID:Lowering of innate resistance of the lungs to the growth of blood-borne cancer cells in states of topical and systemic stress. 17 20

A 62-year-old woman developed neurologic deficits 7 months after pulmonary lobectomy for alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung. CT scan of the head demonstrated two metastases with marked peritumoral edema. Administration of Decadron, chemotherapy and 3,000 rad cranial radiation resulted in dramatic improvement of dysphasia and right hand paresis. Almost 2 months later, rhythmic, involuntary movements of the left hand developed. There was progression to multifocal seizures, grand mal seizures, postictal depression, status epilepticus, and coma, with death 9 days after onset of the movement disorder. Bronchoalveolar carcinoma was widely disseminated in lungs and bones, and as three metastases in brain. Bland "ischemic" necrosis in a pseudolaminar pattern was present in the neocortex. Innumerable Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodenodroglia. Immunofluorescence demonstrated Herpes simplex virus type 2 antigen and electron microscopy revealed virions with the morphology of the Herpes group. The case is significant for (1) the concurrence of intracranial metastases and Herpes simplex encephalitis, and (2) the causal agent, Herpes simplex virus type 2. The implication for the clinical neurocientist is the potential in a patient with systemic cancer, for the causation of neurologic complications by more than one factor or mechanism.
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PMID:Herpes simplex type 2 encephalitis concurrent with known cerebral metastases. 22 22

Two young children (3 1/2 years and 19 months) developed seizures within 24 hours of receiving intrathecal cytosine arabinoside. Both had previously received intrathecal cytosine and methotrexate as well as cranial irradiation without untoward effect. Possible mechanisms of causation are discussed and caution is stressed for use of intrathecal cytosine arabinoside in young children.
Cancer 1978 Jul
PMID:Seizures following intrathecal cytosine arabinoside in young children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 27 17

Focal and generalized seizures occurred in 4 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin-lymphoma. The etiology of the neurological complications could be established by cranial computerized tomography (CT): i.e., 1. localized metastasis with calcification and 2. acute intracerebral hemorrhage during induction therapy in two patients with malignant lymphomas; 3. diffuse cerebral infiltration with blast cells and 4. cerebral atrophy in two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who were in relapse. Accurate diagnosis of cerebral complications in hemoblastoses is essential for appropriate therapy and CT may lead to more effective treatment in patients with lymphoid malignancy and seizures.
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PMID:Cranial computerized tomography in children with lymphoid malignancy and seizures. 27 69

Seven patients with cancer complicated by nonmetastatic sagittal sinus thrombosis were encountered in a 7-year period. Five had hematologic malignancies and two had solid tumors. There were two different presentations. In the first, neurologic signs and symptoms (e.g., headaches, seizures, hemiparesis, lethargy) occurred suddenly in five patients shortly after initiation of cancer therapy. Four of these five patients recovered with minimal residua; the fifth died as a direct result of the sinus thrombosis. The second presentation occurred in the two patients with terminal cancer who declined gradually without focal signs; both patients died. Only arteriography can reliably establish the diagnosis of sagittal sinus occlusion. In patients with cancer, sagittal sinus occlusion probably results from a "hypercoagulable state" associated with the systemic neoplasm.
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PMID:Nonmetastatic superior sagittal sinus thrombosis complicating systemic cancer. 28 38

Thirty-two patients with advanced carcinoma of the colon or rectum were given metronidazole orally at a dose of 500-1000 mg/m2 three times a day for 7 consecutive days every 6 weeks. The dose-limiting toxic effects consisted of severe nausea, vomiting, and major motor seizures. Mild peripheral neurotoxic effects were also noted. No objective responses were noted in any of the 32 patients treated. High-dose metronidazole would not seem to have any role in the treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma and may cause serious neurotoxicity.
Cancer Treat Rep 1978 Mar
PMID:Phase II study of metronidazole therapy for advanced colorectal carcinoma. 34 20

Patient characteristics of 225 patients entered into a clinical trial conducted by the Brain Tumor Study Group (69-01) were examined for their relationship to survival time. In the clinical study, all patients received surgery and were randomized to control treatment (no further treatment), X-ray therapy (XRT), 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), or BCNU + XRT. When treatment was considered as a possible prognostic factor, the patient characteristics most related to survival were: XRT (receiving XRT favorable), age (young, favorable), symptoms of seizures and cranial nerves (both favorable), BCNU treatment (yes, favorable), encapsulated tumor (yes, favorable), and parietal tumor (no, favorable). When treatment was not considered a possible prognostic factor, the patient characteristics most related to survival were: age (young, favorable), biopsy (operation biopsy only, unfavorable), seizures (yes, favorable), cranial nerve symptoms (yes, favorable), and parietal location of tumor (yes, unfavorable). Knowledge of prognostic factors can be used for stratifying patients in clinical studies, for testing the comparability of groups of patients, and in the analysis of the results of clinical studies.
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1977 Dec
PMID:Prognostic factors for patients with brain tumors. 34 95

An exploratory case-control study was conducted in 15 hospitals in the Baltimore, MD, SMSA of possible etiologic factors associated with brain tumors in children. Eighty-four children with brain tumors were compared to normal children and to children with other malignancies. Parents of these children were interviewed about a variety of possible etiologic factors. The findings included: 1) children with brain tumors as well as children with other cancers had a greater tendency than normal children to have been first births and to have had higher birth weights; 2) more children with brain tumors had a sibling with epilepsy or seizures than did normal children, and several of the mothers of children with brain tumors had themselves had epilepsy or a stroke at a relatively young age; 3) there were no significant differences between the groups with regard to several maternal characteristics, including smoking during pregnancy and prior radiation exposure; 4) more children with brain tumors and children with other cancers were found to have had exposures to insecticides than had normal children; 5) fewer children with brain tumors or with other cancers were reported to have had tonsillectomies than normal children; and 6) more of the children with brain tumors as well as the children with other malignancies were reported to have been exposed to farm animals and to sick pets. This exploratory study is one of the first case-control studies of the epidemiology of brain tumors in children, and the results suggest directions for future epidemiologic studies in this relatively uncharted field.
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PMID:Risk factors for brain tumors in children. 45 68

Nine patients with intracerebral metastasis from lung carcinoma were treated with intracarotid and intravertebral artery infusion of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). Four of these patients considered definite responders showed unequivocal clinical improvement and definite decreases in the size of tumors evaluated by neurologic examination, computerized tomographic (CT) scan and radionuclide brain scan (RBS). One patient's clinical condition stabilized with doubtful improvement of diagnostic tests (probable responder). The remaining four patients had further unfavorable progression of the clinical and scan findings and were clearly nonresponders. Complications were transient and included: local pain in the eye, orbit, and occipital-nuchal area during infusion in 7 patients, focal seizure in 3 patients, mild confusion with disorientation in 2 patients, and nausea in 2 patients. Our findings suggest that intra-arterial BCNU therapy may be effective and may be used as an adjuvant to surgery and/or radiotherapy for the treatment of metastatic brain tumor from lung carcinoma.
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:Intra-arterial BCNU therapy in the treatment of metastatic brain tumor from lung carcinoma: a preliminary report. 50 86

A phase I evaluation of a weekly schedule of anguidine was undertaken as an alternative to the present continuous daily schedules. The dose ranged from 1.5 to 7.5 mg/m2 given as an infusion over 3 hours. No myelosuppression was noted at any dose level. The toxic effects included nausea and vomiting, hypotension, CNS symptoms (confusion, hallucinations, and psychomotor seizures), chills, fever, and diarrhea. A dose of 5 mg/m2 of anguidine produced acceptable toxicity.
Cancer Treat Rep
PMID:Phase I evaluation of a weekly schedule of anguidine. Southeastern Cancer Study Group Committee on Gastrointestinal Malignancies. 52 34


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