Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten ambulatory subjects with asthma experienced a seizure while they were receiving oral theophylline preparations and were evaluated prospectively according to a set protocol. The protocol included a lumbar puncture that permitted the simultaneous determination of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) theophylline concentrations. A constant relationship was observed between the plasma theophylline concentration and that of the CSF. It was found that the theophylline concentrations in these two biologic fluids could be characterized by the regression equation y = 0.41 X + 0.7 where y is the CSF theophylline concentration and X is the plasma theophylline concentration. Two infants with hydrocephalus treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt were also simultaneously evaluated for plasma and CSF theophylline concentrations. These infants demonstrated greater than expected entry of theophylline into the CSF. Some central nervous system abnormalities may be characterized by increased theophylline entry into the CSF.
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PMID:The relationship of cerebrospinal fluid and plasma theophylline concentrations in children and adolescents taking theophylline. 400 2

Several reports have documented characteristics of children who die of asthma; however, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have used case controls to clarify the clinical characteristics associated with death. We conducted a case-controlled study of 21 patients with severe asthma hospitalized between 1973 and 1982 who died of asthma sometime following discharge. Average age at death was 13 years (range, 8 to 18 years). Twenty-one asthmatic control cases were matched for age at the time of hospitalization, sex, and severity of illness. Hospital records were evaluated for 57 physiologic and psychological variables. A stepwise discriminant analysis determined that the following eight variables could discriminate the two groups effectively: history of seizures associated with an asthma attack; conflicts between the patient's parents and hospital staff regarding medical management of the patient; self-care of asthma while in the hospital that was not appropriate for age; prednisone dosage having been decreased by more than 50% during the course of hospitalization; inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate required for treatment; increased asthmatic symptoms during the week preceding discharge; depressive symptoms; and disregard of asthmatic symptoms. Most of the clinical characteristics previously thought to place patients at greater risk for a fatal asthmatic attack were found as often in the control cases as in the children who died. This study indicates that psychologic risk factors were prominent in severely asthmatic children who subsequently died of asthma. The variables defined in this study may be important in identifying patients who are at high risk for dying of asthma and in developing treatment plans to prevent deaths.
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PMID:Physiologic and psychological characteristics associated with deaths due to asthma in childhood. A case-controlled study. 402 Oct 61

Foreign body in the tracheobronchial tree is a relatively infrequent, but, potentially fatal event, requiring rapid and expert intervention. The symptoms and signs may be mistaken for asthma and pneumonia, - or, as in the case described, with grand mal epileptiform seizures. This emphasises the need to take a thorough case history, and to have a high index of suspicion in a case presenting with convulsion associated with cough, wheezing or respiratory distress.
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PMID:Pulmonary aspiration presenting with generalised convulsions. 641 86

A pediatric patient who was taking carefully monitored doses of theophylline for chronic asthma, was placed on erythromycin base for bronchitis. She subsequently developed theophylline toxicity which caused her to experience seizure activity. Any patient taking a theophylline preparation who is then placed on ANY of the available erythromycin compounds must have close monitoring of serum theophylline levels.
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PMID:Interaction of theophylline with erythromycin base in a patient with seizure activity. 664 25

During the 1980 influenza B outbreak in King County, Washington, 11 children whose asthma had previously been controlled with a stable theophylline dose, developed theophylline toxicity on this same dose. Two had seizures, eight had nausea and vomiting, and three had headaches. All had clinical evidence of a febrile viral illness. The toxicity appeared to be related to decreased theophylline clearance, which gradually returned to preillness levels over a period of one to three months. Six of ten children had serologic evidence of influenza B, which is presumed to be the cause of the altered clearance. In children receiving chronic theophylline therapy, symptoms of vomiting, headaches, or seizures during a viral illness may be due to theophylline toxicity rather than the virus. Such patients should have an immediate serum theophylline determination, even if previous levels have been in the therapeutic range.
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PMID:Altered theophylline clearance during an influenza B outbreak. 707 Aug 95

Anoxic tonic seizures are reported as a complication of severe asthma in two adults. The nature of these attacks can be misinterpreted. They do not indicate the presence of a recurrent seizure problem unconnected to the episodes of anoxia caused by asthma. These attacks do not respond to antiepileptic medication, but cease if the asthma can be controlled. One of our patients developed an anoxic encephalopathy and the other died. The need for prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment is emphasized.
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PMID:Anoxic tonic seizures due to asthma; a serious complication in adults. 729 29

Gualtieri and Hicks (1985) proposed that male vulnerability for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) was partially due to intrauterine immune attack of the fetus. One group of mothers with heightened immunoreactivity might be women with immune disorder. This was tested within an epidemiological sample of 17,283 mother/child pairs. Maternal immune disorders considered were ulcerative colitis or asthma. NDs in the child included: cerebral palsy, mental retardation, seizures, articulation disorder, reading, or arithmetic disability, verbal or performance aptitude deficits, and attention deficit disorder. Unlike prior studies, we controlled for demographic perinatal variables that might confound interpretation of the data. Results indicated that immune dysfunction in the mother, be it autoimmune (ulcerative colitis) or defensive (asthma) was not associated with an increased incidence of any NDs in the offspring, but mothers with ulcerative colitis did have a disproportionate number of offspring who were non-right handed. Few variables discriminated between the children of ulcerative colitis mothers who became right handed when compared to those who did not. We suggest that a) only certain maternal autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (but not ulcerative colitis or asthma) elevate the risk of intrauterine immune attack and b) the elevated rate of non-right handed offspring among ulcerative colitis mothers was not an instance of immune attack but instead represents some kind of genetic association.
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PMID:A test of the immunoreactive theory for the origin of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring of women with immune disorder. 753 15

Dubowitz syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder of growth retardation, characteristic face, mild mental retardation, and eczema originally described by Dubowitz [1965]. Little information is available on natural history and adulthood in this disorder. We report on a 30-year-old woman who was one of the first patients to be diagnosed with the condition [Grosse et al., 1971, Z Kinderheilkd 110:175-187]. Microcephaly, short stature, leg length discrepancy, hyperextensible joints, spina bifida occulta, and absence of anterior cruciate ligaments were present. Her facial appearance had been modified by several plastic surgery procedures. Eczema resolved with age, with occasional flareups. Asthma, headaches, and seizures were additional medical findings. Speech delays, an unusually soft, high-pitched voice, submucous cleft palate, and velopharyngeal insufficiency were noted in childhood. Mild mental retardation was present. At age 30 years she is living independently in her own apartment and working full-time in a nearby sheltered workshop.
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PMID:Dubowitz syndrome: long-term follow-up of an original patient. 753 94

A female had her first generalized epileptic seizure at age 11 yrs. Apart from intermittent seizures she remained well until 15 yrs of age when she developed double vision, unsteadiness and bilateral plantar responses which resolved spontaneously. Brain MRI scan at this stage revealed changes typical of multiple sclerosis. She died at 17 yrs of age from asthma and epilepsy. Autopsy confirmed the presence of multiple sclerosis and showed the disease to be very active. We consider it likely that multiple sclerosis was present at the age of 11 yrs when she had her first epileptic seizure. This case of multiple sclerosis is presented because of the rarity of the early age of onset, unusual presentation with epilepsy, marked activity of disease and early death. Also it is uncommon to have autopsy confirmation of such disease.
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PMID:Early onset of multiple sclerosis with autopsy confirmation. 756 37

A statewide survey of 2,875 Texas public school nurses was conducted to determine the characteristics, needs, and involvement of nurses in the health and education management of students with special health care needs (SSHCN). The 1,574 survey respondents (response rate = 55%) were primarily registered nurses (84%) with a mean of 8.6 years (SD = 7.1) of experience in the school setting. Respondents served 1.5 school campuses on average; the mean nurse-to-student ratio per campus was 1:728 (SD = 518). Respondents identified 106,650 SSHCN (6% of total enrollment). Asthma (47%), attention deficit disorder (26%), and seizure disorders (8%) were the most prevalent conditions encountered among SSHCN. Medication administration (54%), diapering (12%), and inhalation respiratory treatments (11%) were the most common of 48,569 health procedures delivered daily to SSHCN by nurses, clerical staff, assistants, and teachers. Parents were identified as the primary source of both child-specific health (70%) and training (68%) information in the school setting. Although nurses, of all school personnel, are likely best able to speak to the impact of a child's health impairment and needed school services, only 32% of respondents reported routine participation in special education eligibility evaluations and only 18% reported routine attendance at special education meetings for SSHCN. Moreover, 84% and 92%, respectively, reported discomfort at participating in special education eligibility evaluations and attending special education meetings.
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PMID:Health services delivery to students with special health care needs in Texas public schools. 760 47


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