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Query: UMLS:C0036572 (seizures)
 80,221 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred fifty-three patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and 79 patients with generalized epilepsy were compared on a measure of aggression (derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory). Analysis of covariance indicated that seizure type was not related to aggression. Multiple-regression analyses for each seizure group indicated that in temporal lobe epilepsy the chronologic age was inversely correlated with aggression scores. In the group with generalized epilepsy, chronologic age and myoclonic seizures were inversely correlated with aggression, while akinetic seizures were directly associated with increased aggression.
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PMID:Aggression and epilepsy: seizure-type comparisons and high-risk variables. 677 56

A young man developed pathological thirst and hyperdipsia, hyperphagia, disordered temperature regulation, a lowered threshold for aggressive behavior, apathy, impaired memory, and seizures following encephalitis. He had marked hyponatremia. Bouts of water drinking produced water intoxication and precipitated status epilepticus. Studies of water handling with measurements of plasma osmolality and arginine vasopressin (AVP) revealed a very low thirst threshold (below 242 mOsm/kg) with resetting of the osmostat to a new level (255 mOsm/kg) but normal control of plasma osmolality at that level with adequate AVP release.
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PMID:Thirst, resetting of the osmostat, and water intoxication following encephalitis. 683 Jan 80

Postencephalitic behavioral syndrome secondary to measles is an almost extinct condition in Western culture. The present paper describes the clinical state of a 13-year-old pubertal female who presented nine years after the original acute febrile illness. In addition, an innovative behavioral approach to treatment of intractable seizures and aggressive behavior is described.
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PMID:An interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of a complex case of postencephalitic behavioral disorder. 685 36

Previous investigations have reported an increased rate of behavioural disorder in children with epilepsy. The role, if any, played by temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in predisposing to psychopathology is unclear. In order to evaluate the relationship between seizure type and psychopathology, 35 children with TLE were compared with 48 children with primary generalized epilepsies (GE) on standardized measures of social competence, aggression and overall behavioural disorder via analyses of covariance. Additionally, Pearson correlations were computed in order to evaluate the relationships between psychopathology and several seizure and subject variables. It was found that the presence of TLE per se bore no relationship to aggression, social competence or overall behavioural disorder. Some specific subject- and seizure-related variables were found to be associated with increased aggression and behavioural dysfunction in children with TLE and the interpretation of these findings are related to the larger epilepsy/psychopathology literature. Finally, an alternative approach for studying the precursors of behavioural disorder in epilepsy is suggested.
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PMID:Psychopathology and seizure type in children with epilepsy. 715 55

Previous investigations have reported that individuals with complex partial seizures (CPS) who also have experienced other types of seizures manifested more psychopathology than individuals with CPS who experienced only that type of seizure. These previous studies failed to match their seizure subgroups on important variables known to bear significant relationships with psychopathology, and the possibility that the previous results were due to artifact cannot be excluded. Thirty-three individuals with CPS only were compared to 34 individuals with both complex partial and secondarily generalized attacks (CPS/SG). The groups were closely matched on several potentially confounding variables and compared on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) measures of overall psychopathology, aggression, and psychosis. The CPS/SG group manifested significantly more psychopathology on all the MMPI measures and it was concluded that the multiple seizure type effect is real and robust. These findings were related to the larger epilepsy/ psychopathology literature.
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PMID:Increased psychopathology associated with multiple seizure types: fact or artifact? 717 26

Nineteen epileptic patients with significant history of episodic aggressive behavior were subjected to intensive behavioral and electrophysiologic monitoring for an average period of six weeks in a specialized inpatient facility. Numerous seizures were recorded in these patients but none disclosed ictal aggression. Only two patients showed episodic aggressive behavior but in neither case could seizures be implicated causally. The majority of patients showed a remarkable progressive improvement in aggressive tendencies during hospitalization. It is concluded that ictal aggression is rare and that, in most cases, the aggressive behavior in epileptics is a multifactorially determined interictal phenomenon.
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PMID:Intensive monitoring of epileptic patients with a history of episodic aggression. 727 35

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate relationships between seizure type in general, degree of interictal limbic system dysfunction in particular, and social competence and behavioral pathology in children with temporal lobe (n=21), primary generalized (n=21), and focal nontemporal epilepsies (n=14). The three groups were closely matched on several variables and compared on the mean Aggression, Total Social Competence, and Total Behavior Problems scale scores derived from a standardized behavioral rating instrument (The Child Behavior Profile). On the Aggression scale , the focal nontemporal group scored significantly lower than the temporal lobe group but did not differ significantly from patients with primary generalized epilepsy. On the Total Behavior Problems and Total Social Competence scales, the three seizure groups did not differ significantly from one another. The results are discussed in terms of the psychologic risk for specific behavioral problems associated with epilepsies varying in their probability of interictal disruption of limbic system functioning.
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PMID:Behavioral problems and social competence in children with epilepsy. 730 77

In two separate blocks of experiments, the extreme within-group aggression which is typically associated with limbic seizure-induced brain injury in male rats was attenuated or abolished within two days by the administration of prednisolone in the water supply. The effect was specific to the aggression and was not simulated by dexamethasone. The results support the hypothesis that interference with inhibitory inputs to the central nucleus of the amygdala and the enhanced stimulation by corticotrophin-releasing factor facilitates physical aggression within groups of male rats. Potential relevance to curbing aggression ("conflict") between groups of male humans is discussed.
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PMID:Prednisolone blocks extreme intermale social aggression in seizure-induced, brain-damaged rats: implications for the amygdaloid central nucleus, corticotrophin-releasing factor, and electrical seizures. 750 71

A 4-year-old boy presented with developmental delay, aggressive behavior, and incoordination. His EEG showed a diffuse encephalopathy. At age 10 he developed convulsions and severe migraine-like headaches. Muscle wasting, arreflexia, and lactic acidemia following exercise were noted. Electromyography was myopathic and nerve conduction studies revealed a peripheral neuropathy. Muscle biopsy demonstrated variation in fiber size and an excess of lipid droplets. He than had several stroke-like episodes and periods of unconsciousness, associated with severe metabolic acidosis. Muscle cytochrome C oxidase was abnormally low. This boy displayed the classical clinical and biochemical features of MELAS syndrome, namely Mitochondrial myopathy, Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like episodes. Treatment included carnitine, vitamin C, vitamin K, riboflavin, coenzyme Q10, and corticosteroids. He died at the age of 14 years following an episode of seizures, coma, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. This is the first reported case of MELAS syndrome in Israel.
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PMID:MELAS syndrome: peripheral neuropathy and cytochrome C-oxidase deficiency: a case report and review of the literature. 772 60

We describe a 61-year-old man with a multiple neurologic complication of Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare skin cancer. An enhancing brain mass, and cytologically proven leptomeningeal disease produced a succession of symptoms including seizures, bilateral radiculopathies, myoclonus, a cauda equina syndrome and altered mental status. Aggressive treatment prolonged his survival marginally.
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PMID:Neurologic complications of Merkel cell carcinoma. 776 Jan


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