Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0036474 (scurvy)
 685 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A bilateral distal femoral epiphysiolysis was observed in a 28-month-old child suffering from scurvy. We explain the mechanisms of the separation of the epiphysis due to loss of strength in the calcification zone of the cartilage columns.
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PMID:Spontaneous bilateral distal femoral physiolysis due to scurvy. 670 22

All members of a weimaraner litter had clinical and radiographic signs of hypertrophic osteodystrophy shortly after weaning. Three dogs were necropsied. Radiographic metaphyseal densities, which are used to make a clinical diagnosis of hypertrophic osteodystrophy, were found to result from elongation of the calcified cartilage lattice of the primary spongiosa. Intertrabecular acute inflammation was associated with necrosis, failure to deposit osseous tissue on the calcified-cartilage lattice, and trabecular microfractures. This process led to metaphyseal infraction and separation of the epiphysis. Defective bone formation (osteodystrophy) was considered a secondary process resulting from inflammation of osteochondral complexes, marrow, and periosteum. Enamel hypoplasia also was found to be associated with inflammation of the dental crypt, and abnormal enamel matrix was observed in the developing teeth. The histopathology of the bones and teeth was different from alterations which occur in infantile scurvy or congenital syphilis, although these diseases of man have radiographic similarities to canine hypertrophic osteodystrophy. Because the radiologic lesion is nonspecific, a clinical diagnosis of hypertrophic osteodystrophy is not necessarily diagnostic of a specific disease due to a single etiologic agent. Liver levels of ascorbic acid were within the normal range. Although an infectious agent could not be identified, the conditions may have an infectious origin with systemic manifestations.
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PMID:Canine hypertrophic osteodystrophy, a study of the spontaneous disease in littermates. 680 67

Bilateral epiphyseometaphyseal cupping of the distal femoral epiphysis occurred in a 9-year-old girl with a history of infantile scurvy. This rare condition is characterized by a cup-shaped depression of the metaphyseal end, growth disturbance at the distal femoral epiphysis and knee flexion contracture which develops slowly over many years of bone growth. Conservative treatment by corrective plasters and back slabs brought about recovery of the right knee flexion contracture and halted the growth disturbance. However, in the left knee, extension supracondylar femoral osteotomies had to be performed and severe growth disturbance of the distal femoral epiphysis led to premature epiphyseal fusion.
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PMID:Epiphyseometaphyseal cupping of the distal femoral epiphysis following scurvy in infancy. 744 10

Complete separation of an epiphysis is a rare complication of neonatal osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. We report two cases of pathologic epiphyseal separation after neonatal osteomyelitis, involving the distal and proximal femoral epiphyses with a follow-up of 2 and 7.5 years, respectively. Birth trauma, scurvy, and nonaccidental injury should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pathologic epiphyseal slip. The pitfalls in diagnosis are many, and plain radiograms of unossified epiphyses are often misleading. A high index of suspicion and the use of imaging modalities are useful in making an early diagnosis of epiphyseal slip. The optimal treatment is controversial, and the long-term prognosis is uncertain. The potential for recovery appears to be excellent, provided an early diagnosis is made and prompt treatment by anatomic reduction of the displaced epiphysis is instituted.
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PMID:Epiphyseal separations after neonatal osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. 1091 16

The influences of chronic deficiency of L-ascorbic acid (AsA) on the differentiation of osteo-chondrogenic cells and the process of endochondral ossification were examined in the mandibular condyle and the tibial epiphysis and metaphysis by using Osteogenic Disorder Shionogi (ODS) rats that bear an inborn deficiency of L-gulonolactone oxidase. Weanling male rats were kept on an AsA-free diet for up to 4 weeks, until the symptoms of scurvy became evident. The tibiae and condylar processes of scorbutic rats displayed undersized and distorted profiles with thin cortical and scanty cancellous bones. In these scorbutic bones, the osteoblasts showed characteristic expanded round profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and lay on the bone surface where the osteoid layer was missing. Trabeculae formation was deadlocked, although calcification of the cartilage matrix proceeded in both types of bone. Scorbutic condylar cartilage showed severe disorganization of cell zones, such as unusual thickening of the calcification zone, whereas the tibial cartilage showed no particular alterations (except for a moderately decreased population of chondrocytes). In condylar cartilage, hypertrophic chondrocytes were encased in a thickened calcification zone, and groups of nonhypertrophic chondrocytes occasionally formed cell nests surrounded by a metachromatic matrix in the hypertrophic cell zone. These results indicate that during endochondral ossification, chronic AsA deficiency depresses osteoblast function and disturbs the differentiation pathway of chondrocytes. The influence of scurvy on mandibular condyle cartilage is different from that on articular and epiphyseal cartilage of the tibia, suggesting that AsA plays different roles in endochondral ossification in the mandibular condyle and long bones.
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PMID:Morphological influence of ascorbic acid deficiency on endochondral ossification in osteogenic disorder Shionogi rat. 1222 15

Scurvy is caused by prolonged severe dietary deficiency of vitamin C. Being rare as compared to other nutritional deficiencies, it is seldom suspected and this frequently leads to delayed recognition of this disorder. Children with abnormal dietary habits, mental illness or physical disabilities are prone to develop this disease. The disease spectrum of scurvy is quite varied and includes dermatological, dental, bone and systemic manifestations. Subperiosteal hematoma, ring epiphysis, metaphyseal white line and rarefaction zone along with epiphyseal slips are common radiological findings. High index of suspicion, detailed history and bilateral limb radiographs aids physician in diagnosing this eternal masquerader. We searched Pubmed for recent literature (2009-2014) with search terms "scurvy" "vitamin C deficiency" "ascorbic acid deficiency" "scurvy and children" "scurvy and pediatric age group". There were a total of 36 articles relevant to pediatric scurvy in children (7 reviews and 29 case reports) which were retrieved. The review briefly recapitulates the role of vitamin C, the various disease manifestations and the treatment of scurvy to create awareness of the disease which still is reported from our country, although sporadically. The recent advances related to scurvy and its management in pediatric age group are also incorporated.
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PMID:Scurvy in pediatric age group - A disease often forgotten? 2598 16