Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0036421 (PSS)
 10,989 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

7 clinically uninvolved as well as 8 involved (6 moderately, 2 markedly) back or forearm skin specimens from 12 patients with systemic scleroderma were subjected to quantitative evaluation and to qualitative analysis of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) by one-dimensional and two-dimensional cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Skin specimens from the back, clinically uninvolved but histologically demonstrating the initial change, revealed increased amounts of hyaluronidase, chondroitinase-resistant GAG of varying electrophoretic mobilities, and one of them was chemically confirmed to be heparan sulfate variant, whereas involved skin specimens showed hardly this increase.
 ...
PMID:Initial change of glycosaminoglycans in systemic scleroderma. 12 27

Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan or HA) is a major component of connective tissue synthesized by fibroblasts. Some progress has been made in recent years in the understanding of its metabolism, regulation and physiological role. The development of specific and sensitive assay methods has shown that the HA plasma level is increased in a wide variety of disorders. This increase may be due to decrease hepatic clearance, excessive synthesis (systemic sclerosis, inflammatory arthropathies, psoriasis, cancers, etc.), or even to an increased hyaluronidase activity in certain cancers. The major use of HA assays at the moment is in the evaluation of the evolutivity of those diseases where the HA increase relates to their activity. It seems to be of no diagnostic activity, at least for the time being.
 ...
PMID:[Hyaluronic acid. Usefulness and perspectives of its serum assay]. 214 Nov 40

Collagen was isolated from human placenta by pepsin digestion and salt precipitation. This collagen was similar in its electrophoretic mobility and immunological reactivity with monoclonal antibody to form B of type VI collagen in the literature (Trueb B, Schreier T, Bruckner P and Winterhalter K. 1987. Eur. J. Biochem. 166: 699-703). We prepared polyclonal rabbit antiserum against alpha 2 chain of type VI collagen and performed an immunohistochemical study using this polyclonal antibody. It reacted in fat tissue and around vessels and peripheral nerves in normal human skin. To confirm the presence of type VI collagen in fat tissue, we isolated collagen from human subcutaneous tissue. This collagen showed a similar pattern in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with that from human placenta and cross-reacted with monoclonal or polyclonal antibody against type VI collagen. By immunohistochemical staining, abundant type VI collagen was observed in the septum of subcutaneous fat tissue in morphea or systemic sclerosis. In the mild hyalinizing areas or after treatment with 6M urea or hyaluronidase in highly hyalinized areas, the staining of type VI collagen increased. These data suggest that the amount of type VI collagen in subcutaneous tissue is involved in the early phases of these fibrosing disorders and that type VI collagen accumulates even more in hyalinizing tissue in late phases of these diseases.
 ...
PMID:Human type VI collagen: purification from human subcutaneous fat tissue and an immunohistochemical study of morphea and systemic sclerosis. 756 Apr 37

Collagen and acid glycosaminoglycans in the skin of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) were examined by polarization microscopy. Picrosirius Red and Toluidine Blue (pH 5.8) were used as stains. Digestion with chondroitinase ABC or streptomyces hyaluronidase were also employed. Under polarized light, the Picrosirius Red-stained collagen appeared green at any stage in PSS and orange in controls. Toluidine Blue-induced birefringence at stage I diminished in the presence of 0.2 M MgCl2 and in stage II in the presence of 0.3 M MgCl2. The collagen fibrils in PSS skin were significantly smaller in diameter than in controls. These results suggest that the change of polarization colours is due to the modulation of collagen thickness caused by an increased accumulation of acid glycosaminoglycans.
 ...
PMID:Polarization microscopic investigation of collagen and acid glycosaminoglycans in the skin of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). 766 Jul 36

A commercial preparation of a sodium polystyrene sulfonate (designated as N-PSS; its molecular weight is 500000 daltons) was tested as an inhibitor of sperm function and as a preventive agent for conception and the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. The polymer is an irreversible inhibitor of hyaluronidase and acrosin; its IC50 values are 5.7 microg/mL and 0.5 microg/mL, for hyaluronidase and acrosin, respectively. N-PSS is also a stimulus of human sperm acrosomal loss. It produces maximal acrosomal loss at 2.5 microg/mL. Contraception in rabbits is nearly complete when rabbit spermatozoa are pretreated with 0.5 mg/mL of N-PSS before artificial insemination; however, N-PSS does not immobilize spermatozoa at concentrations as high as 50 mg/mL. N-PSS has broad spectrum antiviral and antibacterial activities. Infection by human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus are inhibited by N-PSS; 3-log reductions are produced by 7 microg/mL and 3 microg/mL, respectively. N-PSS is active against Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. At 1 mg/mL, N-PSS inhibits chlamydial infectivity by more than 90%. N-PSS produces a 3-log reduction in gonococcal growth at 15 microg/mL. In contrast, N-PSS (5 mg/mL) does not affect the growth of Lactobacillus (normal component of the vaginal flora). N-PSS can be classified as a noncytotoxic contraceptive antimicrobial agent. These properties justify bringing a polystyrene sulfonate into clinical trials for its evaluation as a preventive agent for conception and several sexually transmitted diseases.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of poly(styrene-4-sulfonate) as a preventive agent for conception and sexually transmitted diseases. 1110 13

Host cell infection by sexually transmitted disease (STD)-causing microbes and fertilization by spermatozoa may have some mechanisms in common. If so, certain noncytotoxic agents could inhibit the functional activity of both organisms. High molecular mass poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (T-PSS) may be one of these compounds. T-PSS alone (1 mg/ml) or in a gel (2% or 5% T-PSS) completely prevented conception in the rabbit. Contraception was not due to sperm cytotoxicity or to an effect on sperm migration. However, T-PSS inhibited sperm hyaluronidase (IC(50) = 5.3 microg/ml) and acrosin (IC(50) = 0.3 microg/ml) and caused the loss of acrosomes from spermatozoa (85% maximal loss by 0.5 microg/ml). T-PSS (5% in gel) also reduced sperm penetration into bovine cervical mucus (73% inhibition by 1 mg gel/ml). T-PSS (5% in gel) inhibited human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; IC(50)= 16 microg gel/ml) and herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2; IC(50) = 1.3 and 1.0 microg gel/ml, respectively). The drug showed high efficacy against a number of clinical isolates and laboratory strains. T-PSS (5% in gel) also inhibited Neisseria gonorrhea (IC(50) < 1.0 gel/ml) and Chlamydia trachomatis (IC(50) = 1.2 microg gel/ml) but had no effect on lactobacilli. These results imply that T-PSS is an effective functional inhibitor of both spermatozoa and certain STD-causing microbes. The noncytotoxic nature should make T-PSS safe for vaginal use. T-PSS was nonmutagenic in vitro and possessed an acute oral toxicity of >5 g/kg (rat). Gel with 10% T-PSS did not irritate the skin or penile mucosa (rabbit) and caused no dermal sensitization (guinea pig). Vaginal administration of the 5% T-PSS gel to the rabbit for 14 consecutive days caused no systemic toxicity and only mild (acceptable) vaginal irritation. T-PSS in gel form is worthy of clinical evaluation as a vaginal contraceptive HIV/STD preventative.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy and safety of a new vaginal contraceptive antimicrobial formulation containing high molecular weight poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). 1190 5

Limited cutaneous scleroderma is a subtype of scleroderma limited to the skin of the face, hands, feet and forearms. We present a case of a 45-year-old woman affected by limited cutaneous systemic scleroderma involving the orofacial region and causing restricted mouth opening. The patient showed noteworthy improvement of the skin lesion by use of a combination of intralesional corticosteroid with hyaluronidase and various multiantioxidants, resulting in amelioration of her mouth opening problem. The patient gave her full informed written consent to this report being published.
...
PMID:A neoteric multidrug combination: novel approach to limited cutaneous systemic scleroderma involving the face. 2703 80